Primary Sources of Data Flashcards
What is a primary source of data?
A primary source of data is original information collected firsthand for a specific research purpose.
True or False: Primary sources of data include secondhand accounts.
False
Fill in the blank: Primary sources can include ______, interviews, and surveys.
observations
What is an example of a primary source in historical research?
A diary or letter written by a historical figure.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a primary source? A) Original research study B) Newspaper article C) Interview transcript D) Survey results
B) Newspaper article
What type of data does a primary source provide?
Raw data that has not been altered or interpreted.
True or False: Primary sources can be quantitative in nature.
True
Fill in the blank: A ______ is a type of primary source that captures real-time events.
field observation
What is the main advantage of using primary sources?
They provide direct evidence and firsthand accounts of the subject being studied.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a primary source? A) Textbook B) Interview C) Review article D) Literature review
B) Interview
What role do primary sources play in the scientific method?
They serve as the basis for hypothesis testing and data analysis.
True or False: Primary data collection can be time-consuming and costly.
True
Fill in the blank: A ______ is a primary source that includes firsthand accounts of events.
memoir
What is an example of primary data in social sciences?
Survey responses collected from participants.
Multiple Choice: Which method is commonly used to collect primary data? A) Literature review B) Focus groups C) Meta-analysis D) Case studies
B) Focus groups
What is a key characteristic of primary data?
It is collected for the specific purpose of answering the research question.
True or False: Interviews are a qualitative method of collecting primary data.
True
Fill in the blank: The ______ method involves collecting primary data through structured questioning.
survey
What is a potential limitation of primary sources?
They may be biased based on the perspective of the collector.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a primary source in the field of psychology? A) Meta-analysis B) Case study C) Literature review D) Editorial
B) Case study
What is the difference between primary and secondary sources?
Primary sources provide direct evidence, while secondary sources interpret or analyze primary data.
True or False: Primary sources can be both qualitative and quantitative.
True
Fill in the blank: A ______ is a primary source that involves direct observation of subjects in their natural environment.
participant observation
What is an ethical consideration when collecting primary data?
Ensuring informed consent from participants.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a method of collecting primary data? A) Surveys B) Experiments C) Textual analysis D) Interviews
C) Textual analysis
What type of primary source is a government report?
A document that presents original research or statistics gathered by a governmental agency.
True or False: Observational studies are a form of primary data collection.
True
Fill in the blank: Primary sources often require ______ to validate their authenticity.
verification
What is a common challenge when using primary sources?
Data collection can be influenced by the researcher’s biases.
Multiple Choice: Which type of primary source provides numerical data? A) Focus group B) Interview C) Survey D) Memoir
C) Survey
What is the significance of using primary sources in research?
They provide the most reliable and direct evidence for study conclusions.
True or False: Primary data can only be collected through surveys.
False
Fill in the blank: A ______ is a primary source that documents firsthand experiences during a significant event.
testimony
What is a focus group?
A method of collecting primary data through guided discussions with a small group of participants.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following would be considered a primary source in the arts? A) Art critique B) Artist’s notebook C) Gallery catalog D) Art history textbook
B) Artist’s notebook
What is a key benefit of using primary data in business research?
It allows companies to tailor their data collection to specific business questions.
True or False: Primary data must always be collected in a controlled environment.
False
Fill in the blank: When conducting a ______, researchers collect primary data through experiments.
study
What type of primary source is a clinical trial?
A study that tests the effects of a treatment or intervention on participants.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of primary data collection in health research? A) Systematic review B) Cohort study C) Literature review D) Meta-analysis
B) Cohort study
What is the primary goal of collecting primary data?
To obtain specific information that addresses the research question directly.
