Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1

What is the difference between primary and secondary prevention?

Answer 1

• Primary Prevention: persons w/out symptoms
• Secondary Prevention: persons who are already symptomatic
  
  • Preventing death or recurrence of disease

Question 2

There has been rougly a 40% decline in death from CVD over the past two decades.

1. What percentage is due to earlier diagnosis and agressive treatment?
2. What percentage is due to changes in risk factors?

Answer 2

1. ~50%
2. ~50%

Question 3

What are non-modifiable risk factors?

Answer 3

• Age
• Sex
• Family Hx of CVD

These factors can identify high-risk populations

Question 4

What are behabvioral risk factors?

Answer 4

• Sedentary lifestyle
• Unhealthful diet
• Heavy EtOH or cigarette consumption

Question 5

What are physiological risk factors?

Answer 5

• HTN
• Obesity
• Lipid problems
• Diabetes

These factors may be a consequence of behavioral risk factors

Question 6

What are the most common risk factors for CVD?

Answer 6

• Smoking
• Diet
• Physical Activity
• Obesity
• HLD
• HTN
• Diabetes

Question 7

T/F: The more risk factors you have the more intensive the interventions should be.

Answer 7

• True
  
  • More risk factors -> higher chance of developing fatala nd nonfatal cardiovascular events