Primary Components - Memory Flashcards
What is main memory, and what is its role in a computer system?
Main memory, also known as RAM (Random Access Memory), is the temporary storage area used by the computer’s processor to hold data being actively used.
How does the amount of RAM affect computer performance?
The more RAM a computer has, the faster it can access and process data, as more data can be loaded from storage into RAM for the CPU to access quickly.
Define the term “volatility” in the context of RAM.
Volatility refers to the characteristic of RAM where all data stored in it is lost when the computer is turned off.
What are the two main types of RAM, and how do they differ?
The two main types of RAM are Dynamic RAM (DRAM) and Static RAM (SRAM). DRAM needs constant refreshing to maintain data and is cheaper but slower, while SRAM doesn’t need refreshing, is faster but more expensive.
What is cache memory, and where is it located in a computer system?
Cache memory is a small, high-speed memory located on or close to the processor.
It’s used to access often-used data and instructions quickly.
What is Read-Only Memory (ROM), and what is its primary function?
ROM stores permanent information that cannot be changed or edited.
It contains firmware that controls the computer’s hardware initialization and startup processes.
How does secondary storage differ from main memory?
Secondary storage is used to store data permanently and is non-volatile, meaning it retains data even when the computer is turned off.
Main memory is temporary and volatile.
What are the key features of secondary storage?
Secondary storage devices have higher storage capacity than main memory and varying speeds depending on the type of device and technology used.
Describe magnetic storage and give examples.
Magnetic storage, including hard disk drives (HDD) and magnetic tapes, uses magnetic fields to read and write data. HDDs are common in computers, offering large storage but slower speeds.
What are solid-state storage devices, and how do they differ from magnetic storage?
Solid-state storage, like solid-state drives (SSD) and USB flash drives, use memory chips instead of magnetic fields, providing faster and more reliable storage but at a higher cost and with limited lifespan.
Explain optical storage and its characteristics.
Optical storage, including CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs, uses laser beams to read and write data.
While cheap and capable of storing large amounts of data, it is slower than magnetic or solid-state storage.
What is the difference between internal and external storage?
Internal storage is used for operating systems, software programs, and often-accessed data, while external storage is used for data backup, file storage, and transferring data between devices.
Provide examples of common internal and external storage devices.
Common internal storage devices include HDDs and SSDs, while common external storage devices include USB flash drives, SD cards, and Blu-ray discs.
