Primary Care Flashcards
Vitamin D requirements by age
(National Osteoporosis Foundation)
50yrs and younger- 400-800IU/day
51yrs and older- 800-1000IU/day
Calcium requirements by age
National Osteoporosis Foundation
50yrs and younger- 1000mg
51yrs and older- 1200mg
Folate requirements
0.4mg/400mcg folic acid per day; if a history of neural tube defect then can give higher dose such as 4mg 1 mo before trying to get pregnant until 2-3 months of pregnancy
Iron requirements by age
14-18yrs- 15mg/dL a day
19-50yrs- 18mg/dL a day
over 51yrs- 8mg/dL a day
Sodium intake for African Americans and HTN/DM/kidney disease
no more than 1500mg per day
Physical activity recommendations weekly
150-300min of moderate or 75-150 vigorous per week
Screening for alcohol use
AUDIT-C and Single Alcohol Screening Question
LAIV- live flu vaccine, who can you give it to?
Only give in healthy, non-pregnant, between ages of 2-49
HPV vaccine dosage schedule if younger than 15?
administer 2 doses with second dose 6-12mo after first dose
New 2017 HTN Guidelines
Normal: less than 120/80
Elevated: 120-129/80 or less
Stage 1: 130-139/80-90
Stage 2: greater than 140/90
Cholesterol levels
Total: less than 200
LDL: less than 100
HDL: less than 40 is too low, greater than 60 is cardio protective
Triglycerides: less than 150
What is the first line treatment for elevated and stage 1 HTN? What is the second line treatment for stage 1 HTN?
Lifestyle modifications
Second line treatment for stage 1 is medication
What is the first line treatment for stage 2 HTN?
Start on two meds from two different classes;
ACE and ARBs are contraindicated in pregnancy; offer POPs or LARCs as contraception (no estrogen with uncontrolled HTN)
HPV vaccination dosage schedule if >15 years old?
Give 3 doses with second dose 2 months after first and third dose 6 months after first
What is the recommended age range to begin HPV vaccinations?
11-12 years old with 9 years old being the youngest
What are the recommendations for colorectal cancer screening (ACS)?
Adults >45 years should undergo regular screening with either a high-sensitivity stool test or structural exam (colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy or CT colonography)
When and for whom do USPTF and ACS recommended lung cancer screening?
Individuals 55-74 years old who have risk factors such as 30+ PPD smoking history and still smoking or quit within last 15 years
When is diabetes screening recommended and how frequently?
Every 3 years starting at age 45
USPSTF recommends periodic assessment of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL in what age range?
40-75 years old
At what age should a woman begin to have bone mineral density testing?
65
When is hepatitis C screening recommended?
Once for all women born between 1945-1965 unless other risk factors are present
Hepatitis B immunization schedule
Three dose series: second and third doses at 1 and 6 months after the first.
What are the recommendations regarding PCV13 and PPSV23 for immunocompetent individuals and which should be given first?
One time dose of PCV13 and PPSV23 for all immunocompetent individuals >65 years old, given one year apart and starting with PCV13
Recommendations for varicella vaccination?
Recommended for all non-pregnant adolescents/adults without immunity. Given in two doses 4-8 weeks apart