Primary Actions of Paramedic Drugs

Question 0

Albuterol Sulfate

Answer 0

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2 receptors resulting in bronchodilation

Question 1

Adenosine

Answer 1

Depresses automaticity in the SA node and Purkinje fibers

Question 2

Amiodarone Hydrochloride

Answer 2

Prolongs duration of the action potential and effective refractory period

Question 3

Amyl Nitrite

Answer 3

Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which binds with cyanide to assist cyanide elimination

Question 4

Aspirin

Answer 4

Inhibits the aggregation(clumping) of platelets

Question 5

Atropine Sulfate

Answer 5

Inhibits parasympathetic stimulation by blocking acetylcholine receptors

Question 6

Calcium Chloride

Answer 6

Increases myocardial contractility

Question 7

Charcoal

Answer 7

Inhibits gastrointestinal absorption of drugs and chemicals

Question 8

Dextrose Oral Preparations

Answer 8

Provides an oral source of glucose rapidly utilized for cellular metabolism

Question 9

Dextrose 5%

Answer 9

Provides small amounts of glucose, which is rapidly utilized for cellular metabolism

Question 10

Dextrose 50%

Answer 10

Provides an immediate source of glucose, which is rapidly utilized for cellular metabolism

Question 11

Diazepam

Answer 11

Anticonvulsant

Question 12

Diphenhydramine

Answer 12

Competes with histamine at receptor sites

Question 13

Dopamine

Answer 13

Low Dose: Dilates renal and mesenteric arteries

Moderate Dose: Increases inotropy without increasing chronotropy

High Dose: Cases vasoconstriction by stimulating alpha receptors

Question 14

Epinephrine Hydrochloride

Answer 14

Increases cardiac output due to increased inotropy, chronotropy, and AV conduction(dromotropy)(beta1 effect)

Question 15

Furosemide

Answer 15

Increases urinary output by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium chloride in renal tubules

Question 16

Glucagon

Answer 16

Elevates blood glucose by converting liver glycogen into glucose

Question 17

Lidocaine Hydrochloride

Answer 17

Supresses ventricular dysrhythmias by:

• Stabilizing the myocardial cell membrane
• shortening the refractory period
• suppression of automaticity of ectopic focuses

Question 18

Midazolam

Answer 18

Depresses the Central Nervous System

Question 19

Morphine Sulfate

Answer 19

Alters pain perception and produces euphoria

Question 20

Naloxone

Answer 20

Reverses the respiratory depression and CNS sedation of narcotics by competing for opiate receptor sites in the brain

Question 21

Nitroglycerin Spray

Answer 21

Dilates arterial and venous vessels resulting in venous pooling

Question 22

Ondansetron Hydrochloride

Answer 22

Blocks the serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the stomach and small intestines

Question 23

Oxygen

Answer 23

Oxidizes glucose to provide energy at the cellular level

Question 24

Potassium Chloride

Answer 24

Regulates nerve conduction and muscle contraction, especially cardiac

Question 25

Pralidoxime Chloride

Answer 25

Blocks the effects of accumulated acetylcholine by breaking the bond between the nerve agent and the enzyme acetylcholinesterase

Question 26

Ringer’s Lactate

Answer 26

Replaces fluid and electrolytes lost from the intravascular and intracellular spaces

Question 27

Sodium Bicarbonate

Answer 27

Increases blood pH

Question 28

Sodium Chloride 0.9%

Answer 28

Replaces fluid and electrolytes lost from the intravascular and intracellular spaces