Primary Actions of Paramedic Drugs Flashcards
Albuterol Sulfate
Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta2 receptors resulting in bronchodilation
Adenosine
Depresses automaticity in the SA node and Purkinje fibers
Amiodarone Hydrochloride
Prolongs duration of the action potential and effective refractory period
Amyl Nitrite
Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which binds with cyanide to assist cyanide elimination
Aspirin
Inhibits the aggregation(clumping) of platelets
Atropine Sulfate
Inhibits parasympathetic stimulation by blocking acetylcholine receptors
Calcium Chloride
Increases myocardial contractility
Charcoal
Inhibits gastrointestinal absorption of drugs and chemicals
Dextrose Oral Preparations
Provides an oral source of glucose rapidly utilized for cellular metabolism
Dextrose 5%
Provides small amounts of glucose, which is rapidly utilized for cellular metabolism
Dextrose 50%
Provides an immediate source of glucose, which is rapidly utilized for cellular metabolism
Diazepam
Anticonvulsant
Diphenhydramine
Competes with histamine at receptor sites
Dopamine
Low Dose: Dilates renal and mesenteric arteries
Moderate Dose: Increases inotropy without increasing chronotropy
High Dose: Cases vasoconstriction by stimulating alpha receptors
Epinephrine Hydrochloride
Increases cardiac output due to increased inotropy, chronotropy, and AV conduction(dromotropy)(beta1 effect)
Furosemide
Increases urinary output by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium chloride in renal tubules
Glucagon
Elevates blood glucose by converting liver glycogen into glucose
Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Supresses ventricular dysrhythmias by:
- Stabilizing the myocardial cell membrane
- shortening the refractory period
- suppression of automaticity of ectopic focuses
Midazolam
Depresses the Central Nervous System
Morphine Sulfate
Alters pain perception and produces euphoria
Naloxone
Reverses the respiratory depression and CNS sedation of narcotics by competing for opiate receptor sites in the brain
Nitroglycerin Spray
Dilates arterial and venous vessels resulting in venous pooling
Ondansetron Hydrochloride
Blocks the serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the stomach and small intestines
Oxygen
Oxidizes glucose to provide energy at the cellular level
Potassium Chloride
Regulates nerve conduction and muscle contraction, especially cardiac
Pralidoxime Chloride
Blocks the effects of accumulated acetylcholine by breaking the bond between the nerve agent and the enzyme acetylcholinesterase
Ringer’s Lactate
Replaces fluid and electrolytes lost from the intravascular and intracellular spaces
Sodium Bicarbonate
Increases blood pH
Sodium Chloride 0.9%
Replaces fluid and electrolytes lost from the intravascular and intracellular spaces
