Preview of the cell Flashcards
CELL HISTORY - What is cytology?
Cytology is the branches of biology and medicine concerned with the structure and function of plant and animal cells
Who used a microscope to examine cork[plant]? What did he call what he saw?
*1635 English Scientist
Robert Hooke
*Hooke called what he saw
“Cells”
What is the name of the botanist that discovered the nucleus in 1833?
• Robert Brown
- Botanist
– discovered the nucleus in
1833.
What is the name of the German botanist that stated that ALL ALL PLANTS “ARE
COMPOSED OF
CELLS”? Also state the year.
Matthias Schleiden – German Botanist – 1838 – ALL PLANTS "ARE COMPOSED OF CELLS".
What is the name of the physiologist that discovered that animals were made of cells?
Also state the year.
Theodor Schwann Physiologist – Also in 1838, – discovered that animals were made of cells
What is the name of German physician that stated that “ THAT CELLS ONLY COME FROM
OTHER CELLS”?
What did his statement debunk?
• Rudolf Virchow – 1855, German Physician – " THAT CELLS ONLY COME FROM OTHER CELLS". • His statement debunked "Theory of Spontaneous Generation"
What makes up the modern cell theory?
The COMBINED work of Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow make up the modern CELL THEORY.
Cells within the same organism show
Enormous Diversity in:
– Size
– Shape
– Internal Organization
What is the largest cell in the human body? How is it seen?
Female Egg - largest cell in the human body;
seen without the aid of a microscope
Most cells are only visible…
with a microscope
Cells are small for 2 reasons :
Reason 1:
• Limited in size by the RATIO between their Outer
Surface Area and Their Volume.
A small cell has more SURFACE AREA than a
large cell for a GIVEN VOLUME OF CYTOPLASM.
Reason 2: • THE CELL'S NUCLEUS (THE BRAIN) CAN ONLY CONTROL A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF LIVING, ACTIVE CYTOPLASM.
What does diversity of form reflect?
Diversity of form reflects a
diversity of function.
What does the shape of a cell depend on?
THE SHAPE OF A CELL
DEPENDS ON ITS
FUNCTION.
Describe the internal organisation of the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells lack a well defined nucleus and have a simplified internal organization.
Bacteria and Cyanobacteria are prokaryotes.
Eukaryotic cells have a more complicated internal structure including a well defined, membrane - limited nucleus.
Fungi, plants and animals are eukaryotes.
List similarities between the Prokaryotes and the Eukaryotes.
They both contain : Cell membrane
Contain DNA
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
