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Preventive Medicine > Preventive Pedia 2012 > Flashcards

Preventive Pedia 2012 Flashcards

1
Q

It is the perfect first food for newborn initiated during the 1st 30 min to 1 hour

A

colostrum

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2
Q

For newborns discharged less than 48 hrs after delivery, appointment must be made for the infant to be examined at _____

A

48 hrs of discharge

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3
Q

____ most powerful instrument available to the pediatrician in identifying concerns of the child

A

History taking and thorough PE

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4
Q

____ is an Activity done by parents during the first year of life helps children develop language and literacy skills making children ready to learn in school

A

Reading out loud

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5
Q

In the WHO child growth standards, Interpretation of the growth points are based on ___ not on percentile

A

Z score

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6
Q

You measure the recumbent length in children ages __

A

Less than 2 yrs

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7
Q

You measure the standing height in children ages __

A

More than 2 years ol

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8
Q

Standing height is less than ___ cm than recumbent length

A

0.7 cm

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9
Q

____ is a reliable growth indicator even if the child’s age is unknown

A

Weight for length table

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10
Q

When should routine BP measurement start?

A

3 years old

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11
Q

bp measurement is done all the time for patients who are ___ and ___ regardless of age

A

At high risk and ill

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12
Q

A child is normotensive if the bp is __ percentile for age, gender and height

A
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13
Q

Prehypertension in children is defined as

A

Average of SBP or DBP levels that are equal to or greater than 90th percentile BUT less than 95th percentile

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14
Q

Adolescents with bp equal to or greater than ___ are considered prehypertensive

A

120/80

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15
Q

Hypertension in children is defined as

A

Average SBP and /or DBP equal to or greater than 95th percentile on 3 or more occasions

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16
Q

Article 3 section 5 of the newborn screening act of 2004 states ____

A

Obligation to inform about the availability, nature and benefits of NBS

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17
Q

When should newborn screening be done?

A

After 24 hrs of life but not later than 3 days

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18
Q

A newborn that was placed on intensive care must have NBS by what age

A

By 7 day old

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19
Q

When should hearing screen be done

A

For infants born in hospital hearing screen screen should be done before discharge, unless parents object

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20
Q

When should infants not born in a hospital have their hearing screen

A

It should be done within the first 3 months after birth

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21
Q

Patients who have positive hearing screen results should have appropriate follow-up, recall, referral for intervention before what age?

A

Before 6 month old

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22
Q

What are the key steps in the prevention of blindness in the Filipino children?

A

Proper dietary supplementation; Measles immunisation; Routine eye eval; Referral of children at high risk

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23
Q

What are the most common manifestation of retinoblastoma

A

Strabismus and leukocoria

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24
Q

The anti rabies act states that free routine immunization or preexposure prophylaxis be given to children ages___

A

5-14 years old

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25
Q

Iron supplementation of a low birth weight infant: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___

A

*15 mg elemental iron in 0.6ml * 7.5 mg or 0.3 ml once a day starting at 2 months old to 6 months old

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26
Q

Iron supplementation of infants 6 to 11 months: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___

A
  • 15mg /0.6ml *15 mg once a day for 3 months
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27
Q

Iron supplementation for children age 1-5 yrs: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___

A
  • 30 mg/5 ml *5 ml once a day for 3 months or once a week for 6 months
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28
Q

Iron supplementation fir adolsecent girls (10-19): Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___

A

*60 mg elem iron + 400mcg folic acid * 1 tab once a day

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29
Q

Vit A supplementation of infants 6-11 months: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___

A
  • 100,00IU * 1 cap given anytime in 6-11 months usually given at 9 months
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30
Q

Vit A supplementation of children 12-71 months: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___

A

*200,00 iu * 1 capsule every 6 months

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31
Q

What age should deworming be done?

A

12 months to 14 years

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32
Q

Albendazole dose in deworming in 12-24 month old

A

200 mg single dose every 6 months

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33
Q

Albendazole dose in deworming in >24 month old

A

400 mg single dose every 6 months

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34
Q

mebendazole dose in deworming in >12 months children

A

500mg single dose every 6 months

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35
Q

Deworming must not be done in children with the ff

A

Severe malnutrition, Diarrhea, High grade fever, Abdominal pain, Serious illness, Hypersensitivity to the drug

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36
Q

Treatment for filariasis in endemic municipalities

A

Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) and albendazole for children 2 yrs and above

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37
Q

When should first dental visit be done?

A

At the time of eruption of the first tooth and no-later than 1 yr old

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38
Q

How many min a day is the recommended daily physical activity

A

60 min

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39
Q

Sedentary activity should be limited in __ hrs per day

A

2 hours only per day

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40
Q

What is the one risk factor that is predictive of child maltreatment

A

Nothing. There is no one risk factor

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41
Q

Time limit when an attending physician should report either orally or in writing to DSWD the child suspected of being abused

A

48 hours

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42
Q

The best studied effect if lead exposure is__

A

Cognitive impairment

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43
Q

Iron deficiency anemia is associate with what abnormalities in children

A

Psychomotor and cognitive

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44
Q

Cbc should be done at least once fir those at risk at what age/ages?

A

At 6-24 month, 2-6 yrs , 10- 19 yrs

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45
Q

In adolescents cbc is done when?

A

Done on each stage of adolescence

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46
Q

___ is a test done on the first encounter with an adolescent patient

A

Urinalysis

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47
Q

What are the annual health screening for a sexually active female

A

Wet mouth, Pap smear

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48
Q

What are the health screening test dine in a sexually active male

A

Serology for syphilis

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49
Q

What are the annual health screening test to be done on both sexually active male and female?

A

Non culture test for gonorrhea and chlamydia

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50
Q

PPD test is read when

A

48-72hrs

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51
Q

PPD reading of >/= 5 mm is considered positive for patients with the following condition…

A

*Those in close contact with a suspected case of TB * clinical findings suggestive of TB * xray suggestive of TB * immunosuppressed condition

52
Q

In normal individuals an PPD induration of __ mm is considered positive

A

> /= 10 mm

53
Q

___ is a flexible, continuous and cumulative process done on every child visit

A

Developmental surveillance

54
Q

Red flags for motor delay

A

*poor head control in 3 month * hands still fisted by 4 months * can not hold objects at 7 moths *can not sit at 10 months *can not stand in one leg at 3 years old

55
Q

Language delay red flags

A
  • does not turn to sound at 6 months * no gestures by 12 months * no word uttered at 16 months * no 2 words at 2 yrs old * no 3 words at 3 years old
56
Q

Psychosocial delay red flags

A

*No smile at 3 months * no laughing at 6 months * hard to console at 1 yr * resists discipline * no playing with others at 3 yrs

57
Q

Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients with no object permanence by age ___

A

12 months

58
Q

Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients not alert to mother by age ___

A

2 months

59
Q

Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients who does no search fir dropped objects by age ___

A

6 months

60
Q

Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients who does not full name by age ___

A

3 years

61
Q

Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients who does not know colors or letters by age ___

A

5 years

62
Q

Infants should be able to fix and follow by __ age

A

3 months

63
Q

LEA Symbol vision test of a 3 year old should be at least ___

A

0.5 or 20/40

64
Q

LEA Symbol vision test of a 5 year old should be at least ___

A

0.63 or at least 20/32

65
Q

Fluoride used in patients 6 months to less than 2 yrs old

A

1000 ppm BID at 0.25 mg

66
Q

Fluoride used in patients 2 to 6 yrs old

A

1000 ppm bid at .50 mg

67
Q

Fluoride used in patients 6 yrs and above

A

1500 ppm bid at 1 gm

68
Q

Children with moderate risk for enamel demineralization is recommended to receive fluoride treatment every ___

A

6 months

69
Q

Breast milk storage period for those in deep freezer

A

6 months

70
Q

Breast milk storage period for those in freezer of a one door ref

A

2 weeks

71
Q

Breast milk storage period for those in freezer of a 2 door ref

A

3 months

72
Q

Breast milk storage period at room temp

A

4 hours

73
Q

Breast milk storage at room temp of > 25 degrees

A

1 hr

74
Q

Breast milk storage period for those inside the refrigerator

A

8days

75
Q

In complementary feeding, finger foods is started at __

A

8 months

76
Q

In complementary feeding, table foods is started at __

A

1 yr

77
Q

In complementary feeding, chopped foods is started at __

A

10 mos

78
Q

Do not add salt in the diet of an infant before what age

A

Before 1 year of age

79
Q

Screening for eye/ visual defects preferably done at what ages

A

*Birth * 6 months * 3 yrs * 5 yrs

80
Q

BCG is given preferably when?

A

First 2 months after birth

81
Q

Is ppd prior to bcg vaccination necessary in healthy children > 2 months who are not given bcg at birth?

A

No

82
Q

Ppd is recommended prior to bcg vaccination if any of the following are present…

A
  • suspected congenital tb *close contact to known/ suspecte infectious case of tb * findings suggestive of tb * xray suggestive of tb
83
Q

What is the dose of bcg for infants less than 12 mos?

A

0.05 ml

84
Q

What is the dose of bcg for children more than 12 mos?

A

0.1 ml intradermally

85
Q

Dtap can be given as early as ___ wks

A

6 weeks old

86
Q

What is the minimum interval of giving dtap?

A

6 weeks

87
Q

The first 3 doses of dtap is given on what age?

A

2, 4 and 6 months

88
Q

The 4th dose of Dtap is a given after how many months from the 3rd dose?

A

After 9-12 months

89
Q

A 5 year old came in for dtap booster. She noted her 4the dose was given at 4 1/2 years old. Will you give booster and why?

A

No, if the 4 th dose is given at 4 years and above, booster is not needed anymore. Booster is given at 4-6 yrs old

90
Q

You have a 7 year old patient with no dtap given yet. What is the immunization schedule?

A

You give 3 doses. 1st dose then after 4-6 months you give the 2nd dose then the third dose after 6-12 months. No booster needed

91
Q

S patient who was started with dtap at less than 1 year old should have the ff dose already…

A

5 doses (4 dose plus booster at 4 years old)

92
Q

What is the immunization sched of hepa B

A

Givne at 0, 1, 6 months

93
Q

A 4th dose of hepatitis b vaccine is given to the ff.

A
  • Preterm less than 2gms whose 1st dose was given birth * infants whose 3rd dose was given less than 6 months of age
94
Q

you have a preterm infant whose chronological age is 1 month, at 1.9kg can you give the first dose of hepa b? why?

A

yes it can be the first of the 3 series. if the child is medically stable and the mother is negative for hepa

95
Q

Hib is given at what schedule?

A

1st dose at 6-8 weeks; 2nd dose at 10-16 weeks ( minimum interval of 4 weeks); 3rd dose at 14-24 weeks

96
Q

Hib booster should be given at an interval of ___ from the 3rd dose

A

6 months

97
Q

what are the EPI vaccines

A

bcg, dtp-hib-hepa b, opv, measles, mmr, rotavirus, pcv , Td

98
Q

vaccines given subcutaneously are the ff

A

mmr, measles, influenza vaccine, varicella

99
Q

MMR is given at what age?

A

12-15 months then 16 mos to 16 years

100
Q

the interval of the 1st measles containing vaccine to the 2nd dose should be at least ___

A

4 weeks

101
Q

IPV/OPV is given at what schedule?

A

6-8 wks, 10-16 wks, 14wks -6 mos

102
Q

the 4th dose of IPV/OPV is given at what age

A

4 years old

103
Q

if a 4 year old patient was given 4 doses of OPV, the last dose was given at 3 years old. will you give booster?

A

yes, give 1 dose at 4 years old or at least 4 weeks from the last dose at 4-6 years old

104
Q

in children who are fully immunized, td booster should be given ___

A

every 10 years

105
Q

children/ adolescent who are never given DPt should receive vaccine at what schedule?

A

0-1-6 months

106
Q

hepa A vaccine is recommended for children aged ___

A

12 months and above and 2nd dose is given after 6 months from the 1st dose

107
Q

monovalent human rotavirus is given in how many dose

A

2 dose given from 6 wks to 8 months with interval of 4 weeks

108
Q

pentavalent bovine rotavirus vaccine is given in how many doses

A

given in 3 doses at 4 weeks interval each

109
Q

varicella vaccine is given at what schedule

A

given t 12-15 mos and 4-6 years

110
Q

what is the interval of the varicella vaccine dose

A

at least 3 months

111
Q

all individuals aged >13 years without immunity to varicella should be given __ dose of varicella at __ weeks apart

A

2 doses at 4 weeks apart

112
Q

MMRV is given at what age and how many doses

A

2 doses given at 1-12 years at 3 months apart interval

113
Q

the minimum age of hpv vaccination is ___

A

9 years old

114
Q

what is the recommended schedule of HPV vaccine?

A

bivalent - 0,1,6 months; quadrivalent - 0,2,6 mos * the minimum interval between doses is 1 month and 3 months * the 1st dose should be 6 months apart from the 3rd dose

115
Q

quadrivalent HPV can be given to males ___ years of age for the prevention of anogential warts

A

10-18 years

116
Q

children 6 months to 8 years should receive how many doses of influenza

A

2 doses at least 4 weeks apart then yearly

117
Q

children age 9-18 years should receive how many dose of influenza vaccine

A

1 dose yearly

118
Q

what months is influenza vaccine preferably given

A

february to june

119
Q

PCV is given at what age

A

6-8 wks, 10-16 wks, 14wks to 6 months

120
Q

booster of PCV is given when?

A

6 months after 3rd dose

121
Q

healthy 2-5 year old who is not yet given PCV vaccination given ___

A

one dose of PCV13 and 2 dose of PCV10 at least 8 weeks apart

122
Q

PCV not recommended for healthy children aged ____

A

5 yrs and up

123
Q

meningococcal vaccine should be given to high risk patients at what age

A

2 doses at 9 months at 2 months in interval. booster are given 3 years after 2nd dose then every 5 years for individuals who are still highrisk

124
Q

pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies given at 5-14 years old are given intramuscularly at ____ dose and ____ days

A

pvrv 0.5ml or pcecv 1 ml at 0,7,21/28 days

125
Q

pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies given at 5-14 years old are given intradermal at ____ dose and ____ days

A

PVRV /PECV 0.1ml at 0,7,21/28 days

Preventive Medicine (2 decks)

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