Preventive Pedia 2012 Flashcards
1
Q
It is the perfect first food for newborn initiated during the 1st 30 min to 1 hour
A
colostrum
2
Q
For newborns discharged less than 48 hrs after delivery, appointment must be made for the infant to be examined at _____
A
48 hrs of discharge
3
Q
____ most powerful instrument available to the pediatrician in identifying concerns of the child
A
History taking and thorough PE
4
Q
____ is an Activity done by parents during the first year of life helps children develop language and literacy skills making children ready to learn in school
A
Reading out loud
5
Q
In the WHO child growth standards, Interpretation of the growth points are based on ___ not on percentile
A
Z score
6
Q
You measure the recumbent length in children ages __
A
Less than 2 yrs
7
Q
You measure the standing height in children ages __
A
More than 2 years ol
8
Q
Standing height is less than ___ cm than recumbent length
A
0.7 cm
9
Q
____ is a reliable growth indicator even if the child’s age is unknown
A
Weight for length table
10
Q
When should routine BP measurement start?
A
3 years old
11
Q
bp measurement is done all the time for patients who are ___ and ___ regardless of age
A
At high risk and ill
12
Q
A child is normotensive if the bp is __ percentile for age, gender and height
A
13
Q
Prehypertension in children is defined as
A
Average of SBP or DBP levels that are equal to or greater than 90th percentile BUT less than 95th percentile
14
Q
Adolescents with bp equal to or greater than ___ are considered prehypertensive
A
120/80
15
Q
Hypertension in children is defined as
A
Average SBP and /or DBP equal to or greater than 95th percentile on 3 or more occasions
16
Q
Article 3 section 5 of the newborn screening act of 2004 states ____
A
Obligation to inform about the availability, nature and benefits of NBS
17
Q
When should newborn screening be done?
A
After 24 hrs of life but not later than 3 days
18
Q
A newborn that was placed on intensive care must have NBS by what age
A
By 7 day old
19
Q
When should hearing screen be done
A
For infants born in hospital hearing screen screen should be done before discharge, unless parents object
20
Q
When should infants not born in a hospital have their hearing screen
A
It should be done within the first 3 months after birth
21
Q
Patients who have positive hearing screen results should have appropriate follow-up, recall, referral for intervention before what age?
A
Before 6 month old
22
Q
What are the key steps in the prevention of blindness in the Filipino children?
A
Proper dietary supplementation; Measles immunisation; Routine eye eval; Referral of children at high risk
23
Q
What are the most common manifestation of retinoblastoma
A
Strabismus and leukocoria
24
Q
The anti rabies act states that free routine immunization or preexposure prophylaxis be given to children ages___
A
5-14 years old
25
Iron supplementation of a low birth weight infant: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___
*15 mg elemental iron in 0.6ml * 7.5 mg or 0.3 ml once a day starting at 2 months old to 6 months old
26
Iron supplementation of infants 6 to 11 months: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___
* 15mg /0.6ml *15 mg once a day for 3 months
27
Iron supplementation for children age 1-5 yrs: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___
* 30 mg/5 ml *5 ml once a day for 3 months or once a week for 6 months
28
Iron supplementation fir adolsecent girls (10-19): Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___
*60 mg elem iron + 400mcg folic acid * 1 tab once a day
29
Vit A supplementation of infants 6-11 months: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___
* 100,00IU * 1 cap given anytime in 6-11 months usually given at 9 months
30
Vit A supplementation of children 12-71 months: Preparation ___, Dose/Duration___
*200,00 iu * 1 capsule every 6 months
31
What age should deworming be done?
12 months to 14 years
32
Albendazole dose in deworming in 12-24 month old
200 mg single dose every 6 months
33
Albendazole dose in deworming in >24 month old
400 mg single dose every 6 months
34
mebendazole dose in deworming in >12 months children
500mg single dose every 6 months
35
Deworming must not be done in children with the ff
Severe malnutrition, Diarrhea, High grade fever, Abdominal pain, Serious illness, Hypersensitivity to the drug
36
Treatment for filariasis in endemic municipalities
Diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) and albendazole for children 2 yrs and above
37
When should first dental visit be done?
At the time of eruption of the first tooth and no-later than 1 yr old
38
How many min a day is the recommended daily physical activity
60 min
39
Sedentary activity should be limited in __ hrs per day
2 hours only per day
40
What is the one risk factor that is predictive of child maltreatment
Nothing. There is no one risk factor
41
Time limit when an attending physician should report either orally or in writing to DSWD the child suspected of being abused
48 hours
42
The best studied effect if lead exposure is__
Cognitive impairment
43
Iron deficiency anemia is associate with what abnormalities in children
Psychomotor and cognitive
44
Cbc should be done at least once fir those at risk at what age/ages?
At 6-24 month, 2-6 yrs , 10- 19 yrs
45
In adolescents cbc is done when?
Done on each stage of adolescence
46
___ is a test done on the first encounter with an adolescent patient
Urinalysis
47
What are the annual health screening for a sexually active female
Wet mouth, Pap smear
48
What are the health screening test dine in a sexually active male
Serology for syphilis
49
What are the annual health screening test to be done on both sexually active male and female?
Non culture test for gonorrhea and chlamydia
50
PPD test is read when
48-72hrs
51
PPD reading of >/= 5 mm is considered positive for patients with the following condition...
*Those in close contact with a suspected case of TB * clinical findings suggestive of TB * xray suggestive of TB * immunosuppressed condition
52
In normal individuals an PPD induration of __ mm is considered positive
>/= 10 mm
53
___ is a flexible, continuous and cumulative process done on every child visit
Developmental surveillance
54
Red flags for motor delay
*poor head control in 3 month * hands still fisted by 4 months * can not hold objects at 7 moths *can not sit at 10 months *can not stand in one leg at 3 years old
55
Language delay red flags
* does not turn to sound at 6 months * no gestures by 12 months * no word uttered at 16 months * no 2 words at 2 yrs old * no 3 words at 3 years old
56
Psychosocial delay red flags
*No smile at 3 months * no laughing at 6 months * hard to console at 1 yr * resists discipline * no playing with others at 3 yrs
57
Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients with no object permanence by age ___
12 months
58
Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients not alert to mother by age ___
2 months
59
Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients who does no search fir dropped objects by age ___
6 months
60
Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients who does not full name by age ___
3 years
61
Red flags for cognitive delay is noted in patients who does not know colors or letters by age ___
5 years
62
Infants should be able to fix and follow by __ age
3 months
63
LEA Symbol vision test of a 3 year old should be at least ___
0.5 or 20/40
64
LEA Symbol vision test of a 5 year old should be at least ___
0.63 or at least 20/32
65
Fluoride used in patients 6 months to less than 2 yrs old
1000 ppm BID at 0.25 mg
66
Fluoride used in patients 2 to 6 yrs old
1000 ppm bid at .50 mg
67
Fluoride used in patients 6 yrs and above
1500 ppm bid at 1 gm
68
Children with moderate risk for enamel demineralization is recommended to receive fluoride treatment every ___
6 months
69
Breast milk storage period for those in deep freezer
6 months
70
Breast milk storage period for those in freezer of a one door ref
2 weeks
71
Breast milk storage period for those in freezer of a 2 door ref
3 months
72
Breast milk storage period at room temp
4 hours
73
Breast milk storage at room temp of > 25 degrees
1 hr
74
Breast milk storage period for those inside the refrigerator
8days
75
In complementary feeding, finger foods is started at __
8 months
76
In complementary feeding, table foods is started at __
1 yr
77
In complementary feeding, chopped foods is started at __
10 mos
78
Do not add salt in the diet of an infant before what age
Before 1 year of age
79
Screening for eye/ visual defects preferably done at what ages
*Birth * 6 months * 3 yrs * 5 yrs
80
BCG is given preferably when?
First 2 months after birth
81
Is ppd prior to bcg vaccination necessary in healthy children > 2 months who are not given bcg at birth?
No
82
Ppd is recommended prior to bcg vaccination if any of the following are present...
* suspected congenital tb *close contact to known/ suspecte infectious case of tb * findings suggestive of tb * xray suggestive of tb
83
What is the dose of bcg for infants less than 12 mos?
0.05 ml
84
What is the dose of bcg for children more than 12 mos?
0.1 ml intradermally
85
Dtap can be given as early as ___ wks
6 weeks old
86
What is the minimum interval of giving dtap?
6 weeks
87
The first 3 doses of dtap is given on what age?
2, 4 and 6 months
88
The 4th dose of Dtap is a given after how many months from the 3rd dose?
After 9-12 months
89
A 5 year old came in for dtap booster. She noted her 4the dose was given at 4 1/2 years old. Will you give booster and why?
No, if the 4 th dose is given at 4 years and above, booster is not needed anymore. Booster is given at 4-6 yrs old
90
You have a 7 year old patient with no dtap given yet. What is the immunization schedule?
You give 3 doses. 1st dose then after 4-6 months you give the 2nd dose then the third dose after 6-12 months. No booster needed
91
S patient who was started with dtap at less than 1 year old should have the ff dose already...
5 doses (4 dose plus booster at 4 years old)
92
What is the immunization sched of hepa B
Givne at 0, 1, 6 months
93
A 4th dose of hepatitis b vaccine is given to the ff.
* Preterm less than 2gms whose 1st dose was given birth * infants whose 3rd dose was given less than 6 months of age
94
you have a preterm infant whose chronological age is 1 month, at 1.9kg can you give the first dose of hepa b? why?
yes it can be the first of the 3 series. if the child is medically stable and the mother is negative for hepa
95
Hib is given at what schedule?
1st dose at 6-8 weeks; 2nd dose at 10-16 weeks ( minimum interval of 4 weeks); 3rd dose at 14-24 weeks
96
Hib booster should be given at an interval of ___ from the 3rd dose
6 months
97
what are the EPI vaccines
bcg, dtp-hib-hepa b, opv, measles, mmr, rotavirus, pcv , Td
98
vaccines given subcutaneously are the ff
mmr, measles, influenza vaccine, varicella
99
MMR is given at what age?
12-15 months then 16 mos to 16 years
100
the interval of the 1st measles containing vaccine to the 2nd dose should be at least ___
4 weeks
101
IPV/OPV is given at what schedule?
6-8 wks, 10-16 wks, 14wks -6 mos
102
the 4th dose of IPV/OPV is given at what age
4 years old
103
if a 4 year old patient was given 4 doses of OPV, the last dose was given at 3 years old. will you give booster?
yes, give 1 dose at 4 years old or at least 4 weeks from the last dose at 4-6 years old
104
in children who are fully immunized, td booster should be given ___
every 10 years
105
children/ adolescent who are never given DPt should receive vaccine at what schedule?
0-1-6 months
106
hepa A vaccine is recommended for children aged ___
12 months and above and 2nd dose is given after 6 months from the 1st dose
107
monovalent human rotavirus is given in how many dose
2 dose given from 6 wks to 8 months with interval of 4 weeks
108
pentavalent bovine rotavirus vaccine is given in how many doses
given in 3 doses at 4 weeks interval each
109
varicella vaccine is given at what schedule
given t 12-15 mos and 4-6 years
110
what is the interval of the varicella vaccine dose
at least 3 months
111
all individuals aged >13 years without immunity to varicella should be given __ dose of varicella at __ weeks apart
2 doses at 4 weeks apart
112
MMRV is given at what age and how many doses
2 doses given at 1-12 years at 3 months apart interval
113
the minimum age of hpv vaccination is ___
9 years old
114
what is the recommended schedule of HPV vaccine?
bivalent - 0,1,6 months; quadrivalent - 0,2,6 mos * the minimum interval between doses is 1 month and 3 months * the 1st dose should be 6 months apart from the 3rd dose
115
quadrivalent HPV can be given to males ___ years of age for the prevention of anogential warts
10-18 years
116
children 6 months to 8 years should receive how many doses of influenza
2 doses at least 4 weeks apart then yearly
117
children age 9-18 years should receive how many dose of influenza vaccine
1 dose yearly
118
what months is influenza vaccine preferably given
february to june
119
PCV is given at what age
6-8 wks, 10-16 wks, 14wks to 6 months
120
booster of PCV is given when?
6 months after 3rd dose
121
healthy 2-5 year old who is not yet given PCV vaccination given ___
one dose of PCV13 and 2 dose of PCV10 at least 8 weeks apart
122
PCV not recommended for healthy children aged ____
5 yrs and up
123
meningococcal vaccine should be given to high risk patients at what age
2 doses at 9 months at 2 months in interval. booster are given 3 years after 2nd dose then every 5 years for individuals who are still highrisk
124
pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies given at 5-14 years old are given intramuscularly at ____ dose and ____ days
pvrv 0.5ml or pcecv 1 ml at 0,7,21/28 days
125
pre-exposure prophylaxis for rabies given at 5-14 years old are given intradermal at ____ dose and ____ days
PVRV /PECV 0.1ml at 0,7,21/28 days
