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ACHB > Preventive Healthcare > Flashcards

Preventive Healthcare Flashcards

1
Q

What is preventive healthcare?

A
  • also known as prophylaxis

- is a branch of veterinary medicine that deals with the prevention of diseases through providing routine healthcare

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2
Q

What are the components of preventive healthcare?

A
  • parasite control
  • vaccination (core & non-core)
  • well visits
  • sterilisation
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3
Q

What are the aims of preventive healthcare programs (PHP)?

A
  • to provide pet owner with timely advice for care throughout life span of animal
  • to perform relevant tests and administer appropriate medication to prevent disease
  • puppies should have a minimum of 3 visits in their first year of life
  • adults should have semi-annual visits
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4
Q

At what age does a puppy/kitten have to go for its first visit and for what purpose?

A 
- 6-8weeks old
First puppy physical examination:
- body weight
- general observations about behaviour
- physical examination to check all systems and vital signs are normal; check for congenital defects
- check for external parasites
Vaccination (1st C3)
Parasite control
- deworming (intestinal worms): every 2 weeks until 12 weeks old
- heartworm preventatives
- flea/tick preventatives
Client education
- all things about puppy rearing, from diet to training, to PHP schedule
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5
Q

At what age does a puppy/kitten have to go for its second visit and for what purpose?

A
  • 10-12 weeks old
  • Physical examination
  • Vaccination (2nd C3)
  • Parasite control
  • Client education (checking on training, feeding, etc)
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6
Q

At what age does a puppy/kitten have to go for its third visit and for what purpose?

A
  • 14-16 weeks old
  • Physical examination
  • Final Vaccination (3rd C#)
  • Parasite control
  • Client education (check in on training, feeding, etc)
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7
Q

At what age does a puppy/kittens usually go for its fourth visit and for what purpose?

A
  • 5-6 months

- sterilisation

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8
Q

What are congenital defects?

A
  • diseases that an animal is born with
  • e.g. heart condition
  • e.g. umbilical hernia: small hole remains at umbilical area
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9
Q

For adult dogs, what preventive measure should be carried out monthly?

A
  • Flea and tick preventatives (frontline, interceptor)

- Oral heartworm preventatives (heartgard, advocate)

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10
Q

For adult dogs, what preventive measure should be carried out every three months?

A
  • oral intestinal dewormers (drontal)
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11
Q

For adult dogs, what preventive measure should be carried out every 6 months?

A
  • weight check
  • physical examination
  • blood tests (for older/sick patients)
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12
Q

For adult dogs, what preventive measure should be carried out once a year?

A
  • weight check
  • physical examination
  • vaccinations
  • dental prophylaxis
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13
Q

What is the purpose of the One Health initiative?

A
  • aims to unite human and veterinary medicine with the collaboration of professionals from both industries
  • promote knowledge sharing between industries
  • recognises that the health of animals has an impact on human health (zoonotic diseases)
  • proactive prophylaxis prevents illness in pets will prevent illnesses in humans
  • what we do for our patients is intrinsically linked to our client’s wellbeing
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14
Q

What are the core vaccinations for dogs?

A
  • canine distemper virus
  • canine infectious hepatitis
  • canine parvovirus
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15
Q

What are the non-core vaccinations for dogs?

A
  • leptospirosis
  • rabies (no rabies in SG)
  • bordetella
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16
Q

State what each of the core vaccinations for dogs protects against.

A
  • Canine distemper virus: serious disease that attacks the nervous, gastrointestinal and respiratory system
  • Canine infectious hepatitis: causes an acute liver infection that can result in problems with coagulation and white blood cells
  • Canine parvovirus: acute and severe bloody diarrhoea and vomiting
17
Q

State what each of the non-core vaccinations for dogs protects against.

A
  • Leptospirosis: bacterial infection that causes lethargy, muscle pain, and kidney failure (usually given as a combination with C3)
  • Rabies: deadly disease that causes inflammation of the brain; exotic to SG (zoonotic)
  • Bordetella (kennel cough): respiratory infection that causes a classical honking cough; can vary greatly in severity from a mild cough to severe respiratory distress
18
Q

What are the core vaccinations for cats?

A
  • Feline calicivirus
  • Feline parvovirus
  • Feline herpes virus
19
Q

What are the non-core vaccinations for cats?

A
  • Feline leukemia virus
  • Feline immunodeficiency virus
  • Feline chlamydiosis
20
Q

State what each of the core vaccinations for cats protects against.

A
  • Feline calicivirus: causes upper respiratory infections and oral disease; most will recover but can also be fatal
  • Feline parvovirus: causes severe infection of the GI, immune and nervous system
  • Feline herpes virus: often referred to as cat flu; causes upper respiratory disease
21
Q

State what each of the non-core vaccinations for cats protects against.

A
  • Feline leukemia virus: lifelong infection and weakens the immune system thus leading to illnesses that can be fatal
  • Feline immunodeficiency virus: lifelong infection; often doesn’t display clinical signs; weakens the immune system leading to secondary illness and death
  • Feline chlamydiosis: causes upper respiratory and eye infections (usually given in combination with F3)
22
Q

What is the core vaccination schedule like for puppies and kittens?

A
  • 3 vaccinations given 4 weeks apart
  • usually given at:
    - 6-8 weeks
    - 10-12 weeks
    - 14-16 weeks
  • booster at 1 year old
23
Q

What is the core vaccination schedule like for vaccinated adults?

A
  • 1-3 yearly (depends on manufacturer’s recommendations)
24
Q

What is the core vaccination schedule like for unvaccinated adults or juveniles older than 12 weeks?

A
  • 2 vaccinations given 2-4 weeks apart
25
Q

What is rabbit calicivirus?

A
  • also referred to as rabbit haemorrhagic disease
  • very contagious and quickly fatal
  • causes rabbits to become lethargic, and to bleed, or sudden death
  • vaccination is a single inoculation at 10-12 weeks old, then an annual booster

ACHB (5 decks)

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