Prevention, treatment and control Flashcards
What is a vaccine?
Vaccines are a form of prevention that helps develop an immune response against a specific disease. This is achieved by introducing the antigen into the host’s body, which is attenuated (strain) of the pathogen.
Describe what a passive vaccine does
Passive vaccines
On the other hand, antibodies are introduced to disease, gaining short term immunity as no memory cells are being produced.
Describe what an active vaccine does
Active vaccines
Refers to introducing antigens to the person’s body, gaining long term immunity as memory B cells are produced.
What does it mean by prevention?
Prevention - stopping the pathogen from entering the body
What does it mean to control?
Control - how the disease spreads
Identify ALL of the prevention methods that can be used to prevent
- Hygiene practises
- Quarantine
- Vaccination
- Public health campaigns
- Use of pesticides
- Genetic engineering
How does hygiene practises prevent the risk of infectious diseases?
Hygiene is a set of practices performed to maintain good health and minimise the spread of pathogens. Good hygiene practices can include:
Personal
Refers to practises, an individual performs to reduce the risk of infection.
Prevention: using soap, frequent showers
Communal
Practices performed at a local level such as gym showers or spas.
This can be prevented by water purification, infiltration and chlorination.
Food or water
The practice of not contaminated food/water sources that can be digested
Prevention: plating raw and cooked food together. Cooking food with the appropriate temperature to kill microbes.
How does quarantine prevent the risk of infectious diseases?
Quarantine
Refers to isolating the infected from the non infected
This prevents the entry of diseases by
Inspection
Regulation
Restriction of movement
Enforced destruction of organisms
How does vaccination prevent the risk of infectious diseases?
Vaccination
The process of making a person immune or resistant to the infection.
How does public health campaigns
Campaigns prevent the risk of diseases?
Public health campaigns
Campaigns educate and inform people to propose and manage sanitation regulations. This engages the behaviour of the community, thus improving the health.
How does genetic engineering
prevent the risk of diseases?
Refers to modifying the DNA of a species genome to prevent the risk of disease.
How does the use of pesticides prevent the risk of diseases?
Chemicals used to prevent infection to plants and animals. Some chemicals are herbicides, fungicides and pesticides. This is also used to prevent infected insect vectors.
