Prevention Of Trauma

Question 1

What are Complications and Consequences of Tooth Injury?

Answer 1

• Pain, which can be severe.
• Infection, including abscess.
• Ankylosis.
• Inflammatory root resorption.
• Aesthetic consequences.
• Negative impact on self-esteem.
• Impaired oral or phonetic function.
• High cost

Question 2

What are levels of prevention of dental injuries

Answer 2

1. Primary prevention: the circumstances that lead to injury.
2. Secondary prevention: the prevention or reduction of injury severity in incidents which do happen.
3. Tertiaryprevention: the optimal treatment and rehabilitation of the injured person to minimize the impact of the injury

Question 3

How do we protect children at playgrounds?

Answer 3

• Playgrounds should be all about fun and be as safe as practically possible
• The purpose of safer surfacing in a play area is to absorb the impact of such a fall and to prevent a child suffering a head impact, which could be life threatening.
• Supervision of small children at play (parental or professional) is very important and probably the most effective way of preventing serious injury.

Question 4

What’s Early (Mixed Dentition) Treatment Of Large Over Jets?

Answer 4

• A recent systematic review has shown that overjets of >3 ‘ mm may pose a significant risk for dental trauma.
• Can be reduced in the early mixed dentition
• Reduction in uncrowded arches is with functional appliances or extra oral traction
• Reduction in crowded arches involves extractions in both dentitions

Question 5

What are functions of mouth guards?

Answer 5

1. They hold the soft tissues of the lips and cheeks away from the teeth, preventing laceration or bruising of the lips and cheeks against the hard and irregular teeth during impact.
2. They cushion the teeth from direct frontal blows and redistribute the forces.
3. They prevent opposing teeth from coming into violent contact, reducing the risk of tooth fracture, or damage to supporting structures.
4. They provide the mandible with resilient support, which absorbs impacts that might fracture the unsupported angle or condyle of the mandible.
5. They are psychological assets to contact sport athletes.

Question 6

What’s Criteria for mouth guard construction

Answer 6

• The mouth guard should be made of a resilient material which can be easily washed, cleaned, and readily disinfected.
• It should have adequate retention to remain in position during sporting activity, and allow for a normal occlusal relationship to give maximum protection.
• It should absorb and dispense the energy of a shock by covering the maxillary dental arch; excluding interferences; reproducing the occlusal relationship; allow mouth breathing; protecting the soft tissues

Question 7

Describe all 3 types of mouthguards

Answer 7

Stock Mouth Guards These pre-formed, over-the- counter, ready-to-wear mouth guards are generally the least comfortable and, therefore, the least likely to be worn.

Because of poor fit, they also offer the least protection and require constant biting down to stay in place

Boil and Bite Mouth Guards Made of thermoplastic material that conforms to the shape of the teeth after being placed in hot water, these mouth guards are commercially available and the most common type used by athletes. They vary in fit, comfort, and protection.

Custom Fit Mouth Guards

• Thistypeofmouthguardmustbemadebyadentistfor the individual.
• It is the most expensive, but also offers the most protection and comfort.
• Custom mouth guards are preferred by dentists and usually preferred by athletes because of their increased comfort, wear-ability, and retention, as well as ease of speaking when worn.
• This type of mouth guard is particularly important for adolescents with orthodontic appliances.

Question 8

Haw do you care for mouth guards?

Answer 8

.

II.

Be washed with soap and water immediately after use .

Be rinsed in mouthwash or mild antiseptic (e.g. 0.2 per cent chlorhexidine) immediately before use again.

Question 9

What’s secondary prevention for dental trauma?

Answer 9

• A secondary preventive effect by reducing the complications of trauma.
• The development of both the acid-etch technique, dentine bonding agents, calcium hydroxide is capable of allowing continued root growth and apexification in non-vital immature incisors has made both treatment and long-term prognosis more predictable for these teeth.

Question 10

What should you do if a tooth is knocked out?

Answer 10

• Time is critical
• Do not touch the tooth root
• Gently rinse the tooth
• Place in milk
• Go to the dentist or emergency room, with the tooth, immediately