Prevention In Practice Flashcards
Health locus of control
Extent to which individual believes health influenced by their own behaviour or others.
Health belief model
Individual does own cost/benefit analysis when considering change.
Needs cue/trigger
Used to predict certain health behaviours
Limited success in relation to oral health.
Transtheoretical model
Pre-contemplation - serious consideration of behaviour change.
Contemplation - evaluation leading to behaviour change.
Preparation - action plan to be implemented soon.
Action - successful action and implementation of change (3-6m)
Maintenance - long term establishment of new behaviours.
Health promotion definition
The process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their own health.
Barriers preventing change
Lack of opportunity Lack of resources Lack of support Lack of knowledge Conflicting info Conflicting motivations Future rather than immediate consequence No clear goals Put off by failure
Relapse and regression
Falling back into old habits
- unable to maintain new behaviour
- usually many cycles before success
Re enter at pre action (prep or contemplation)
May feel like failure and be discouraged
Criticisms of SOC
Stages or a continuum?
Too simplistic
What about socio-cultural norms?
Implications for health professionals
Process of change may have several attempts
Motivations may not be health related
Behaviour determined by a complex array of factors
Support essential
Info alone of limited value
No evidence one approach best
Results review of F interventions in caries
School based - not effective
Dentist - expensive but effective short term
Mass media - no evidence
Evidence for increase in knowledge but not a change in behaviour
Role of dentists in prevention
Working with individual patients
Professional responsibility
Include all members of team and ensure all giving same messages
Smoking cessation
4As ask advise assist arrange
Brief intervention: effective as patients are in surgery for advice and cost effective as can be done as part of the normal appointment
5-10mins
Recommend nicotine support
Set a date and goal
Review past experience
Identify future problems
Support from family and friends
Methods of prevention
F, OHI, chlorhexidine, diet modification, fissure sealants, chewing gum
F prevention
Mouthwash, tablets and drops, varnish, toothpaste
OHI
Brushing alone doesn't prevent caries With FTP prevents caries Parental under 7yrs until can effectively brush themselves Spit not rinse Babies smear 1000ppm Kids pea 1350-1500ppm F varnish x4 if high risk
Chlorhexidine and xylitol
Chlorhexidine good for perio and post op
Rubbish for caries
No long term evidence and causes staining
Reaction is strep mutants
Xylitol has direct effect on s mutants above mastication
X 59% preventative XS 53% S20%
