Prevention and LTC

Question 1

What 3 things must be included in a National Health Program, according to Henry Sigerist

Answer 1

1. address fundamental social determinants of illness
2. provide public health interventions to reduce incidence of illness in population as whole
3. individual health care providers perform preventative interventions for individual patients

Question 2

what has largest impact on life expectancy?death from infectious disease. childhood mortality?

Answer 2

public health interventions

Question 3

individual interventions

Answer 3

medical model

includes surgery, medication therapy, counseling

Question 4

population interventions (population model)

Answer 4

public health initiatives like clean water/ air, food pyramid, tax subsidies like food, education, jobs

Question 5

chronic prevention

medical model

Answer 5

for non infectious diseases, individual plays major role in causing own illness,

known influences on outcomes:
smoking, drinking, poor diet

Question 6

what are chronic illnesses usually cause by

Answer 6

smoking
drinking
poor diet

Question 7

how is chronic prevention addressed in medial model

Answer 7

basically, medical model based on fixing the individual

identify high risk individals
offer individuall protection

Question 8

chronic prevention public health model

Answer 8

basically chronic prevention public health model deals with addressing the population to decrease chronic illnesses

examples
smoking ban in public
diet: food pyramid
exercise: education that is exercise is good for you

Question 9

primary prevention

Answer 9

PREVENTING first outcome

Question 10

secondary prevention

Answer 10

preventing having a second outcome. or treating the disease itself

Question 11

goals of disease prveention

Answer 11

delay disability and death

maximize illness free years

Question 12

to achieve these goals

Answer 12

improves standards of living
adopt public health measure

adopt public health measures

incorporate preventative medical care

Question 13

ADLs

Answer 13

basic human functions
activities of daily living
bathing
eating
dressing

Question 14

IADLs

Answer 14

instrumental activities of daily living

activities to remain independant
ex: preparing meals
shopping for groceries
taking meds
telephoning

your able to survive but you won’t be able to do so comfortably

Question 15

pt

Answer 15

physical therapy

gross motor movement

Question 16

ot

Answer 16

fine motor movement

Question 17

who pays for longterm care

Answer 17

Medicaid: 34%
medicare: 20%
out of pocket: 22 %
private insurance: 8%
other: 8%

Question 18

medicare coverage of LTC

what do they cover

Answer 18

only skilled care: BP check, wound dressing change, IV ABX

not custodial care : (i.e ADL) no reimbursement, for schorinc stable pt care

Question 19

medicaid coverage of LTC

what do they cover

Answer 19

covers nursing home care
some home health care
but not 24 hour custodial care
custodial care

Question 20

private coverage

Answer 20

expensive
requires deficits in multiple ADLs
doesn’t provide 100% coverage

Question 21

who provides LTC

Answer 21

primarily informal caregivers, family, friends

community based and home health services

nursing homes

Question 22

nursing homes and dementia

Answer 22

dementia is common in nursing homes
wide variation of quality of care.

disparities in health like low incomes, certain races, and more decrease worse quality of care

Question 23

who re ideal care givers

Answer 23

friends and fsmily

Question 24

has US implemented social insurance program for LTC

Answer 24

no. not yet

Question 25

what percentage of nursing homes had no quality deficiencies in2005?

Answer 25

9 %