Prevention Flashcards
Alternative Activities as a Prevention
3 A’s, 3 points + Goal
- The goal is to teach people they can alter consciousness in a meaningful, longer-lasting, life-enhancing, and satisfying way that’s incompatible with drug use.
3 A’s: Acceptable, Attractive, Attainable
- most effective things are active, take will-power, and require effort & commitment
- least successful things are passive
- Cannot just be a substitute for drugs. Must be an alternative pursuit that is integrated & valued part of person’s life
3 Categories of Prevention
Primary: never used drugs. Build self-esteem, coping and refusal skills, provide information
Secondary: early, infrequent use. Stop drug use with information, decision-making and refusal skills, family communication.
Thertiary: regular use but not habitual. Counseling, drug education, family therapy
School Based Prevention
Target 3
Should be targeted at general student body
- Prevention goal = empower students: prevent passive choice of drug addiction
- Empowerment: The process of increasing the capacity of individuals to make choices and to transform those choices into desired actions
- Establish sense of self, to know and communicate one’s feelings, and to establish boundaries and integrity in relationships. Teach the ability to say no.
5 Key Components of an Effective Prevention Program
Rolemodels Address, include, Develpe, Promote
- Role modeling/mentoring
- Address community needs – differ from community to community
- Include youth in prevention planning – must take consumer in to account
- Develop primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts
- Promote proactivity rather than passive activities.
4 aspects of Resiliency: Definition
BRAM
The ability to bounce back. An internal protective factor. (Wolin & Wolin, 1994)
- Breaking the cycle
- Revenge by living well
- Accept the scars your family left
- Mastering the painful memories
7 factors of Resiliency
II M RICH
- Insight – pierce the denial with tough questions
- Independence – distance from a troubled family
- Morality – goodness surrounded by badness
- Relationships – stable, nurturing, loving
- Initiative – push for mastery
- Creativity – representing pain in art forms
- Humor – laughing at oneself
Relapse Prevention (though recognition)
Recognize the signs of relapse
- be Recovery-prone: recognize and accept problems (ask for help, etc) versus
- Relapse-prone: recognize behaviors that contribute to relapse (denial, stress, avoidance)
- Habits: Deciding to change a habit is easy; implementing change is more difficult; maintaining change is the most difficult (especially first 120 days)
3+ Major Causes of Relapse
- Negative emotional states ~35% of relapses
- Social pressure ~20% of relapses
-
Interpersonal conflict ~16% of relapses
* Other miscellaneous factors: stress augmenter personality; personality disorders; high-risk lifestyle; financial issues; employment; thinking/perceptual factors; spiritual factors
Relapse Prevention: Cravings and Urges
- Cravings and urges – most effective way to cope with a craving is to detach from the craving
- Triggers – stimuli repeatedly associated with the preparation for, anticipation of, or the use of drugs. Include people, places, things, time, emotional states, and drugs themselves
- Recovering addict should identify triggers that lead to cravings/relapse and develop awareness as to why they occur, how to avoid them, or learn coping skills.
Relapse Prevention: Strategies for Relapse Prevention
HALTS relapse
HALTS
- Reminds the recovering addict that when they’re Hungry, Angry, Lonely, Tired, and/or Sick, they are most vulnerable to relapse.
- Combats the ‘screw it’ attitude.
Harm-Reduction Approaches CAR
Counselling: Harm done, not drug use itself, is the focus; Any reduction in harm = success; Confrontation is to be avoided
A Range of Programs:
- Controlled drinking/drug use
- Advocacy for changes in drug policies
- HIV/AIDS related interventions
- Broader drug treatment options
- Drug abuse management for continuing users
- Ancillary interventions
Realistic outlook: People are going to use drugs, so let’s reduce the risk of the spread of other diseases.
