Behavioural Addictions Flashcards
1
Q
Behavioural Addiction
A
A failure to resist impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act harmful to person or others (Grant et al., 2010).
- Compulsion/Obsession; Loss of Control; Negative Consequences (3 C’s)
- Maladaptive: interferes with functioning in other domains
- Both kinds of addicts score high on self-reported impulsivity, compulsivity and sensation-seeking and generally low on measures of harm avoidance
2
Q
Behavioural and Substance Addictions
A
- Act often preceded by tension / arousal
- Followed by pleasure / relief
- Eventually less rewarding (+positive reinforcing)/becomes relieving aversion (-negative reinforcement)
- Cravings
- Tolerance-like effects
- Psychological withdrawal
- Financial/Marital problems often
- Difference: Behavioural addictions have no physical withdrawal
3
Q
Behavioural & Substance Addictions
A
- High rates of co-occurrence of behavioural addictions with substance use disorders
- Suggests common pathophysiology
- both show differences in dopamine and serotonin
- also differences in prefrontal cortex
- Genetic factors may contribute more than environmental factors.
- Both behavioural & substance addicts respond positively to pharmacological & psychological treatments, although no meds currently approved
- Ex. 12-step program, motivational interviewing
4
Q
4 behaviour patterns of difficult patients:
D&D S&M
A
- Demanders: intimidate, devalue, try to instill guilt
- Dependent Clingers: need attention, make therapist feel powerful
- Self-Destructive Deniers– have given up, seemingly enjoy failure; continue using drugs
- Manipulative Help-Rejecters: nothing works; attempt never-ending treatment relationship; intense dependency needs
Setting boundaries & expectations most important and most effective for all types of difficult patients
