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Foundations > Preventative Medicine > Flashcards

Preventative Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

What is the leading causes of death in teens 15-19 yo?

A

accidents, Suicide, homicide

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2
Q

What % of adolescents are obese?

A

20.6%

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3
Q

leading cause of death for american indian or alaskan native?

A

heart disease, cancer, accidents

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4
Q

% obesity in african american populations?

A

37% men, 57% female

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5
Q

goals of preventative medicine

A

protect health and well being

promote health

maintain health

prevent disease, disability and death

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6
Q

What is health?

A

physical , mental, and social well being

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7
Q

what impacts health?

A

biological factors, lifestyle (biggest impact), medical care, social/economic environment

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8
Q

biologic factors effecting health

A

genetics/heredity, sex, immunologic factors, use of services that effect disease

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9
Q

lifestyle/behavioral factors effecting health

A

diet, nutrition, exercise, smoking, etoh, drugs, etc.

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10
Q

medical care factors effecting health

A

access to health care, preventative services

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11
Q

socioeconomic factors effecting health

A

income, education, environment, social support networks, nutrition

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12
Q

barriers to preventative health care

A

financial burdens

lack of access to quality health care

unaware of or doubt of benefits

discomfort

may not want to change

social/cultural factors

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13
Q

components of preventative medicine

A

primary
-prevention of disease from happening in the first place ex. vaccines

secondary
-screening services

tertiary
-already have disease, focusing on making sure that we are controlling it to the best of our ability, working to prevent complications

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14
Q

components of wellness exam

A
  1. screening
  2. immunizations
  3. behavioral counseling
  4. chemoprevention
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15
Q

What do we screen for in wellness exams?

A 
CV disease
CA 
STDs, blood borne infections 
psych 
osteoporosis
vascular disease
vision/hearing
injury prevention 
oral health
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16
Q

stages of readiness for change

A
  1. pre-contemplation: pt doesn’t want to think about it or talk about it
  2. contemplation: pt thinking about it and talking about but is not ready to take step
  3. Preparation: getting themself ready for change
  4. Action
  5. Maintenance
  6. Termination: unsuccessful, starting over
17
Q

Two types of preventative physicals for medicare pts

A
  • IPP “welcome to medicare”

- Annual wellness visit

18
Q

anticipatory guidance

A

Talking to parents about what to expect in next stages, “milestones” that kids should be meeting

19
Q

well woman exams include:

A 
immunizations 
screening 
behavioral counseling 
chemoprevention 
reproductive health 
precontraceptive counseling 
intimate partner violence
20
Q

US life expectancy

A

78.8 yrs

21
Q

leading cause of death for infants in the US?

A

congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities

22
Q

leading causes of death 1-4 y/o

A

accidents, congenital malformations, homicide

23
Q

leading cause of death 5-14 y/o

A

accidents, cancer, suicide

24
Q

What percent of children 6-11 are obese?

A

17.4%

25
Q

leading cause of death for those 65+

A

heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease

26
Q

Prevalence of HTN in men 75+? women?

A

almost 75%

around 80%

27
Q

% of American Indian/Alaska Native that smoke?

A

~20%

28
Q

Leading cause of death for Asian/ pacific islander?

A

cancer, heart disease, stroke

29
Q

Leading cause of death for African Americans?

A

heart disease, cancer, stroke

30
Q

Leading cause of death for Hispanics?

A

cancer, heart disease, accidents

31
Q

% of hispanics without health insurance?

A

~20%

32
Q

obesity rate among hispanics?

A

~40% of ppl 20+

33
Q

leading cause of death among whites?

A

heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease

34
Q

leading cause of death among men?

A

heart disease, cancer, accidents

35
Q

leading cause of death among women?

A

heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease

36
Q

How can we overcome health care barriers?

A

prioritizing prevention

critically evaluate effectiveness of service

learn how to do motivational interviewing/behavioral counseling

specific visits for preventive services

37
Q

How often do pts utilize preventative services?

A

at half the recommended rate

38
Q

What is the recent shift of medicine?

A

focus was previously on disease treatment and management, now move toward health promotion and disease prevention

39
Q

What is healthy people 2020?

A

10 year national goals and objectives for health promotion and disease prevention that provides a framework for public health and prevention priorities and actions

Foundations (6 decks)

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