PreTest Pediatrics: "The Respiratory System" Flashcards
The best tests to evaluate phrenic nerve paralysis are ________________..
fluoroscopy or ultrasound (to assess symmetry of movement)
_______________ is revealed by fever with complete whiteout of one lung on x-ray.
Empyema
Describe the presentation and diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis?
- A syndrome in which kids recurrently get fever, respiratory distress, lobar infiltrate, and hemoptysis.
- Diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage, history, signs of chronic process (clubbing).
A child with lobar bacterial pneumonia suddenly becomes tachypneic, tachycardic, and hypotension. What should you do?
Grab a large bore IV to decompress the tension pneumothorax (a known complication of lobar pneumonia).
How is bacterial tracheitis managed?
Intubation and IV antibiotics
What history suggests tracheitis compared to viral croup?
Sudden worsening
For example, if they tell you a kid has had a low-grade fever for four days and suddenly develops a fever of 104, then you should be considering a bacterial etiology.
Kids who eat dirt are at increased risk of ___________________.
Toxocara canis infection
The “first priority” in treating anaphylaxis is ___________________.
intubation
A newborn presents with diminished breath sounds and a shifted heart. What congenital malformation might have caused this?
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformations
This is a failure of the bronchioles to develop that leads to lung hypoplasia. If it is unilateral, the lung hypoplasia can cause the displacement in the opposite direction.
What pattern of breath sounds is associated with foreign-body occlusion of the bronchus?
Decreased breath sounds during inspiration and no breath sounds during expiration
The sum of pCO2 and pO2 in an ABG are roughly ___________.
110 to 120
pO2 ~ 85
pCO2 ~ 35
If the pCO2 goes up, then the pO2 must go down.
