president/EXOP

Question 1

presidential powers in congress

Answer 1

-executing laws
-calling special sessions of congress
-signing or vetoing legislation
-appointing federal justices
-receiving ambassadors
-making treaties
-granting pardons
-giving the state of union address
-commander in chief

Question 2

president as the head of state

Answer 2

-granting pardons
-attending global summits
-being consoler in chief during times of national crisis
-receiving + nominating ambassadors

Question 3

president as the head of government

Answer 3

-signing, vetoing + executing legislation
-appointing his cabinet
-delivering the state of union address

Question 4

informal sources of presidential power

Answer 4

-electoral mandate
-executive orders
-national events
-the vice president + cabinet

Question 5

what makes the president a bargainer in chief

Answer 5

-the president has more persuasive power when he is popular, as other branches gain some reflected glory by doing what the president wants

Question 6

the national security council

Answer 6

-est 1947
-to coordinate military, foreign policy and security info + policy for the president
-briefs the president daily
-its importance varies depending on the president

Question 7

office of management and budget

Answer 7

-est 1970
-advises the president on the budget + oversees federal department spending
-ensures all presidential legislative initiatives are budgeted and fit into the presidential policy goals

Question 8

white house office

Answer 8

-most trusted presidential advisors
-act as a link between president + cabinet members and their departments
-control access to the president
-act on behalf of the president eg, interviews, briefing the press

Question 9

factors affecting presidential relationships with congress

Answer 9

-elections
-separation of powers
-persuasion
-divided gov
-presidential action

Question 10

factors affecting presidential relationships with the supreme court

Answer 10

-appointments
-judicial review
-media

Question 11

lame duck president

Answer 11

once his successor has been elected, but he remains in power until January

Question 12

informal lame duck president

Answer 12

when they are unable to get anything done

Question 13

how presidential popularity affects the presidents power

Answer 13

a popular president is more likely to be successful in his policy proposals. if a congressional politicians constituents supports the president, then that politician will also support the president to become more popular

Question 14

how the election cycle affects a presidents popularity

Answer 14

a president has to always have an eye on the election calendar. mid terms might deliver him a divided gov. his own re-election campaign is an important consideration for actions in his first

Question 15

how national events affects the presidents popularity

Answer 15

reactions to crisis’s can knock a presidents popularity and derail his legislative agenda

Question 16

the traditional imperial presidency

Answer 16

-executive orders and agreements
-signing statements
-pardons

Question 17

the imperilled presidency

Answer 17

-a president is unlikely to be ‘imperial’ for the duration of his presidency. he can find himself imperial at one point, only to become imperilled due to changing circumstances

Question 18

what does the president control

Answer 18

-the US armed forces
-the NSC
-the ability to receive ambassadors + therefore recognise countries
-the ability to negotiate treaties
-executive agreements, which don’t need senate approval
-the choice of cabinet secretaries

Question 19

what does congress control

Answer 19

-the right of the senate to approve treaties
-the power to declare war
-the right of the senate to approve cabinet members
-the power of the purse

Question 20

which of his aims did Clinton achieve (1993-2001)

Answer 20

-raise tax on the wealthiest
-smaller fed gov
-economic growth
-bringing down the deficit
-responsibility for the environment

Question 21

which of his aims did Clinton not achieve (1993-2001)

Answer 21

-affordable healthcare
-expansion of civil rights

Question 22

which of his aims did Bush jr achieve (2001-2009)

Answer 22

-increasing defence spending
-tax cuts
-healthcare reform
-educational reform
-war on terror

Question 23

which of his aims did Bush jr not achieve (2001-2009)

Answer 23

-social security reform

Question 24

which of his aims did Obama achieve (2009-2017)

Answer 24

-healthcare reform
-stimulating the economy
-ending the war in Iraq
-reforming nuclear weapons

Question 25

which of his aims did Obama not achieve (2009-2017)

Answer 25

-minimum wage
-gun control
-immigration reform

Question 26

what were Trumps aims

Answer 26

• tax reform
  x repeal + replace obamacare
  ? build a wall
  ? immigration reform
  ? travel ban
  ? renegotiating NAFTA
  ? reregulating Iran deal
  ? applying tariffs

Question 27

roles and powers of the UK pm

Answer 27

-head of gov
-party mandate, can serve any number of terms
-the pm is sovereign in theory
-collective executive as ‘first among equals’ in the cabinet
-commander in chief through royal prerogatives
-draws up legislative agenda + writes the kings speech
-has no need to veto legislation due to usually having a majority

Question 28

role and powers of the US president

Answer 28

-head of state + gov
-personate mandate, only serve 2 terms
-both in reality + theory president is sovereign
-singular executive, but appoints a cabinet + EXOP to support him
-commander in chief of the US armed forces
-delivers the state of union address
-has the veto

Question 29

similarities in the executives accountability to the legislature

Answer 29

-executive power depends on their control of, and majority in, the legislature
-the role of the legislature in both countries is to scrutinise policy proposals + make notable changes
-both legislatures can remove the gov, neither have exercised this power in centuries

Question 30

differences in the executives accountability to the legislature

Answer 30

-constitutionally separated powers give congress the final say on many issues, the executive dominance means parliament is often subservient to the gov
-gov in the UK can be removed with a vote of no confidence, impeachments have never be successful
-the state of union address is a suggestion of what the president would like achieved, the kings speech gives the legislative agenda for the upcoming year