Presentations Flashcards
Hip fracture is defined as a fracture of the ______ or _____ of the femur
proximal 1/3
head
Hip fracture is a result of ____________
osteoporosis
The hip joint is made up of 2 parts
Hip socket
Upper end of thigh bone
Failure to thrive comes from either ______ or ______ factors
medical
environmental
What is onchymosis?
fungal infection of the nail
What is osteomyelitis?
infection of bone
What is the most common organism that causes osteomyelitis?
Staphylococcus aureus
Why is vancomycin administered via PICC line
vancomycin is poorly absorbed orally
can be administered longer term through a central line
vancomycin is damaging to peripheral veins
What is the leading cause of kidney failure?
diabetes mellitus
What are the 3 phases of cancer development?
Initiation
Promotion
Progression
What are the 4 most common sites of metastasis for breast cancer?
Bone
Brain
Liver
Lungs
Breast cancer usually metastasizes via LYMPH/VASCULAR channels
lymphatic
What is a TRAM flap?
tissue flap procedure that uses muscle, fat, and skin from the abdomen to create a new breast mound after a mastectomy
What is neutropenia and what is the significance in cancer?
Low neutrophils as a result of chemo and radiation therapy (myelosuppression) and increases risk for infection
What is the most common cause of pulmonary embolism
DVT from lower extremities
What is the immediate treatment for pulmonary embolism?
Fibrinolytic therapy e.g. streptokinase, tPA
What are the stages of liver damage?
Acute infection
Chronic infection
Inflammation and fibrosis
Cirrhosis
What blood test is useful in determining extent of liver damage
serum ammonia
What is arthrocentesis?
Aspiration of fluids from synovial joint
What are the stages of pneumonia
Congestion
Red hepatization
Grey hepatization
Resolution
What is the most common pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
