Presentations Flashcards
Acute onset
Polydipsia and polyuria
Thrush
Weakness, fatigue
Weight loss
Infections
Type 1 diabetes
Gradual onset
Hyperglycaemia symptoms - thirst, polyuria, blurred vision
Acanthosis nigricans
Type 2 diabetes
Weight loss
Frequent, loose bowels
Sweating / heat intolerance
Goitre possible
Anxiety, tremor
Palpitations
Hyperthyroidism
Fatigue, malaise
Weight gain
Cold intolerance, decreased sweat
Coarse, sparse hair
Constipation
Bradycardia
Doughy skin
Hypothyroidism
Hypercalcaemia - fatigue, depression, bone pain, nausea, thirst, polyuria
High / normal PTH
Low phosphate
Primary hyperparathyroidism
‘Stones, bones, groans and psychic moans’
Gallstones
Bone pain
Abdominal pain
Psychiatric disturbances
Thirst / dehydration
Confusion
Polyuria
Acute hypercalcaemia
‘Stones, bones, groans and psychic moans’
Gallstones
Bone pain
Abdominal pain
Psychiatric disturbances
Myopathy
Depression
Fractures
Hypertension
Pancreatitis
Chronic hypercalcaemia
Paraesthesia - fingers, toes
Muscle cramps
Muscle weakness, fatigue
Bronchospasm / laryngospasm
Fits
QT prolongation
Hypocalcaemia
Anorexia
Nausea and vomiting
Muscle weakness, lethargy
Fits
Cardiac arrythmias
Hypomagnesemia
Bone abnormalities
Obesity
Subcutaneous calcification
Learning disability
Brachydactyly
Pseudohypoparathyroidism
Moon face
Hypertension
Central obesity
‘Buffalo hump’
Bruising
Striae
Hirsutism
Proximal myopathy, wasting
Thin skin
Conjunctival oedema
Cushing’s
Classic triad of hypertension, headache and sweating
Paraganglioma of the bladder
Weight loss
Phaeochromocytoma
Stress - infection, trauma, surgery
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Hypotension
Shock
In a patient with adrenal insufficiency or sudden discontinuation of glucocorticoids
Adrenal crisis
Hypocalcaemia from low vitamin D or chronic renal failure
High PTH
High phosphate
Secondary hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcaemia
High PTH
Low / normal phosphate
Parathyroid gland hyperplasia
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Painful, diffuse, firm goitre
Fever
Malaise
De Quervain’s subacute thyroiditis
Swollen smooth thyroid gland
Tracheal compression
Oesophageal compression
Goitre
Significant hypertension
Alkalosis
Hypokalaemia
Conn’s syndrome
Thickened soft tissues
Snoring / sleep apnoea
Hypertension, cardiac failure
Large hands
Large nose
Large tongue
Acromegaly
Hyperprolactinaemia
Headaches
Visual loss
Impotence
Galactorrhoea and menstrual irregularity in females
Hyperprolactinaemia
Polydipsia
Polyuria with dilute urine
Otherwise well
Diabetes insipidus
Café au lait macules
Axillary or inguinal freckling
Lisch nodules
Optic glioma
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Café au lait skin pigmentation
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
Precocious puberty - females
Thyroid nodules
McCune-Albright syndrome
Low BMI
Loss of hair
Increased lanugo
Low pulse and BP
Anaemia
Anorexia nervosa
Obesity
Hirsutism
Acne
Abnormal menstrual cycles
Infertility
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Females under 40 years old
Hot flushes
Night sweats
Atophic vaginitis
Amenorrhoea
Infertility
Premature ovarian failure
Abdominal / pelvic pain
Febrile
Vaginal discharge
Dyspareunia
Dysmenorrhoea
Infertility
Ectopic pregnancy
Pelvic inflammatory disorder
Dysmenorrhoea before menstruation
Dyspareunia
Menorrhagia
Painful defecation
Chronic pelvic pain
Infertility
Endometriosis
Small male sexual organs
Decreased body hair
Low libido
Gynaecomastia
Decreased bone / muscle mass
Pre-pubertal onset male hypogonadism
Normal male sexual organs
Decreased libido
Decreased testicular volume
Gynaecomastia
Decreased pubic hair
Post-pubertal onset male hypogonadism
Predominantly males affected
Hypogonadism
Hyposmia / anosmia (loss of smell)
Isolated GnRh deficiency
Kallmann’s syndrome
Only affects males
Infertile
Small firm testes
Often late / missed diagnosis
Klinefelter’s syndrome
