Prescription Writing (Exam 1) Flashcards
What is the definition of a prescription?
an order to a pharmacist written by a licensed medical practitioner to prepare the prescribed medication, to affix the directions, and to sell the preparation to the client
What should be on the standard prescription blank?
name, address, telephone number, and office hours of the doctor prescribing the medication
number of refills
practitioner’s DEA registration number
Components of a presctription
superscription inscription subscription signa signature of practitioner
What is the superscription on a drug label?
Rx “to take”
What is the inscription?
Basis, vehicle, adjuvant and corrective
Define adjuvant
drugs that assist basis or main drug
Define corrective
something that corrects adverse effect of drug or helps dissolve basis
What is the subscription?
instructions to the pharmacist which may be in English or Latin abbreviations
What is the signa and what is the other term for it?
Transcription. Instructions for administration of the medication which the pharmacist is to write on the label
Who regulated prescription drugs?
the FDA
Who ensures that drugs are not harmful to animals
FDA- CVM (center of veterinary medicine)
What does NADA do?
testing for safety and efficiency of drugs, drug development and approval
Who regulates biologics such as vaccines?
USDA
What must exist before a prescription drug is prescribed?
a veterinarian/client relationship
What is the DEA and what do they do?
Branch of the US Dept of Justice. They regulate the purchase, storage, and use of controlled substances
The lower the class of the controlled drug, the ____ the potential of abuse
higher
Class I drugs
highest abuse potential
severe liability
no therapeutic agents in the US
ex: Heroin and LSD
Class II drugs
high abuse potential
severe liability
ex: morphine, codine, and amphetamine
Class III drugs
abuse potential is less than C-I and C-II
moderate liability
ex: anabolic steroids
Class IV drugs
abuse potential is less than C-I, C-II, and C-III
moderate liability
ex: butorphanol, diazepam
Class V drugs
least abuse potential
limited liability
ex: buprenorphine, diphenoxylate with atropine
What is needed for prescriptions for controlled substances for schedule II?
- full name and address of both the veterinarian and the owner, identity of patient, practitioner permit number
- must be typewritten or written in ink and signed by a registered practitioner
- no refills and limited to a 34 day supply
True/False: Drugs in schedule III, IV, and V can be orally prescribed?
true
How many times can a prescription be refilled?
no more than 5 times in 6 months, 0 for class II
True/False: Some schedule IV drugs can be sold over the counter
False. Some C-V drugs can be OTC under specified conditions
What should be on the label of the container of schedule II, III, or IV when dispensed for animal?
“Caution: Federal law prohibits the transfer of this drug to any person other than the (client and) patient for whom it was prescribed”
What is extra-label use?
Different use or different drug other than specified for non-food animals unless it is to save a life
Must document with support
ex: human drug or cat drug used on a dog
What act allows veterinarians to use extra-label?
Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act 1994
What is FARAD and what does it stand for?
a computer system that provides information including withdrawal times of all drugs approved for use in food-producing animals, official tolerances, and pharmacokinetic studies
The Food Animal Residues Avoidance Databank
What is a nonproprietary drug and is the name capitalized?
generic. no, it’s lowercase. Only brand names are capitalized
What does gtt stand for?
drop
What is the abbreviation for powder?
pulv
What three types of releases are tablets and capsules available as?
sustained release, controlled release, regular release
What is the dosage?
per unit body weight of animal
What are the two types of administration routes?
local (topical) and systemic
What is IVPB short for?
intravenous piggyback
What is the abbreviation for subcutaneous?
SC or SQ
What does PO mean?
per os or orally
What is the route for into the bone marrow?
IO or intraosseous
What is the term for into the left eye?
OS or oculus sinister
What is the term for into the right eye?
OD or oculus dexter
What is the term for into each eye?
OU or oculus uterque
What is the term for into the ear?
auris (AS, AD, AU)
What do the abbreviations a.c. and p.c mean?
before meals and after meals
What are the two official national lists of approved drugs in the US?
USP (United States Pharmacopia) and NF (National Formulary)
What is the USP?
A compendium of quality control tests for drugs and excipients to be introduced into medicinal formulation
Published every year by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention
Includes methods for identification, purity, determination of a drug
What forms the basis of enforcement actions by the FDA and DEA?
USP
What is the NDC number?
10 digit identifying number for a medication assigned by the DEA
What does NADA stand for and what is it?
New Animal Drug Application
Single unique number assigned to each drug approved by the FDA
