Prescribing Flashcards by Sara Salman

Exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Amoxicillin or tetracycline or clarithromycin

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Uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia

Amoxicillin (Doxycycline or clarithromycin in penicillin allergic, add flucloxacillin if staphylococci suspected e.g. In influenza)

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Pneumonia possibly caused by atypical pathogens

Clarithromycin (legionalla)

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Hospital-acquired pneumonia

Within 5 days of admission: co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime
More than 5 days after admission: piperacillin with tazobactam OR a broad-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g. ceftazidime) OR a quinolone (e.g. ciprofloxacin)

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Lower urinary tract infection

Trimethoprim or nitrofurantoin. Alternative: amoxicillin or cephalosporin

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Acute pyelonephritis

Broad-spectrum cephalosporin or quinolone

(ciprofloxacillin)

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Acute prostatitis

Quinolone or trimethoprim

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Impetigo

Topical hydrogen peroxide, oral flucloxacillin or erythromycin if widespread

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Cellulitis

Flucloxacillin (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

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Cellulitis (near the eyes or nose)

Co-amoxiclav (clarithromycin, + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

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Erysipelas

Flucloxacillin* (clarithromycin, erythromycin or doxycycline if penicillin-allergic)

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Animal or human bite

Co-amoxiclav (doxycycline + metronidazole if penicillin-allergic)

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Mastitis during breast-feeding

Flucloxacillin

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Throat infections

Phenoxymethylpenicillin (erythromycin alone if penicillin-allergic)

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Sinusitis

Phenoxymethylpenicillin

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Otitis media

Amoxicillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

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Otitis externa**

Flucloxacillin (erythromycin if penicillin-allergic)

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Periapical or periodontal abscess

Amoxicillin

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Gingivitis: acute necrotising ulcerative

Metronidazole

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Gonorrhoea

Intramuscular ceftriaxone

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Chlamydia

Doxycycline or azithromycin

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Pelvic inflammatory disease

IM ceftriaxone1g + oral doxycycline + oral metronidazole

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Syphilis

Benzathine benzylpenicillin or doxycycline or erythromycin

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Bacterial vaginosis

Oral or topical metronidazole or topical clindamycin

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Clostridioides difficile

First episode: oral vancomycin Second or subsequent episode of infection: oral fidaxomicin

Campylobacter enteritis

Clarithromycin

Salmonella (non-typhoid)

Ciprofloxacin

Shigellosis

Ciprofloxacin

Asthma Attack O SHIT ME

oxygen salbutamol 2.5-5mg IvHydrocortsone 100mg/ prednisolone 40mg PO Ipratroprium 500mcg (Senior input) Theophylline Mg sulphate escalate

Urge incontinence after bladder retraing

Oxybutynin

Stress incontinence after pelvic floor training

duloxetine

Opioid constipation

docusate

Emergency contraception within 72hrs

levonorgestrel 1.5mg PO Stat (3mg if BMI>26 or >70kg

Croup

Stat Oral DEX 0.15mg/kg

VTE prophylaxis for hospital admission

LMWH dalteparin renal impairment (UFH)

Unstable Angina / Nstemi

300mg Aspirin Glyceryl trinitrate 400mcg spray (1-2 sprays)

Dyspepsia

Check for H.pylori if negative 4 wks PPI

depression and anxiety

Sertraline 50mg for depression 25mg for anxiety

Common Drug doses (CDD) Ibuprofen

200-400mg tds

Codeine CDD

30-60mg qds

Co-codamol 8/500 Co-codamol 30/500 CDD

2 tabs qds

Cyclizine CDD

50mg tds

Metoclopramide CDD

10mg tds

amoxicillin dose

500mg tds

clarythrimycin dose

500mg bd

aspirin and clopdigrel common dose

75-300mg od

p450 Inhibitors

SICKFACES.COM-Group Sodium valp Isonizid Cimetidine Ketoconazole Fluconazole Alcohol(binge) Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Sulfonamides (I fir inhibit) Ciprofloxacin OMEPRAZOLE METRONIDAZOLE Grapefruit juice

P450 inducers

CRAP GPS Carbamazipines Alcohol (chronic) Rifampixin Phenytoin Griseofulvin Phenobarbitone Sulfonylureas (U for indUcer)

NSAIDs CI

NSAID N no urine S Systolic dysfxn (HF) A asthma I indigestion D Dycrasia (abnormal plts)

Metoclopromide CI

bowel obstruction Parkinsons

Cyclizine CI

HF bc worsens oedema

Drugs to increase for surgery

steroids

Always continue for Surrey

CCb and beta blockers

Drugs to stop for surgery

I LACK OP insulin lithium anticoagulants/antiplatelets ( aspirin 7 days before) COCP/HRT (4 wks b4) K sparing duiretics +ACEi (day of) Ora hypoglycemics (sub w sliding scale insulin) perindopril and other ACEi

Warfarin stooped but INR>1.5 day before surgery

phytomedadione (vit K) 1-5mg PO

ACEi SE

cough hyperkalaemia Renal impairment avoid in PVD

Steroids SEs/CI

STEROIDS Stomach ulcers thin skin edema right and ;eft HF osteoporosis infection Diabetes cushings Syndrome

nausea

Almost always cyclizine 50mg (Im/IV/PO) 8 hourly except cardiac cases - metclopromide 10mg Im/Iv 8 hourly

chronic non infectious diarrhoea

Loperimide or codeine which also helps pain

Immediate relief indigestion

magnesium carbonate 10mg oral

AVOID OXYBUTYNIN WHAT CONDITION

Emergency contraception in 120hrs CI When can start COCP

EllaOne (ulipristal acetate) asthma 5 days

Emergency contra if ovulated in last 5 days

copper coil

COCP medical name how does it work

Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel inhibits ovulation,

COCP increase which Ca risk

increases breast/cervical cancer risk,

POP how does it work

thickens mucus (+ Cerazette also inhibits ovulation),

POP when does it become effective what about others

2d 7d except IUD which is instant

Rapid acting insulin

insulin aspart (novorapid)

Long acting insulin

Insulin detemir BD (levemir)

Insulin in surgery

Give insulin as normal the day before surgery except for long-acting insulins (give once daily) then reduce dose by 20%

Myasthenia Gravis

Pyridostigmine

Hypocalcaemia causes and tx

blood transfusion calcium gluconate 10% 10ml IV

k+ > 6.5mmol/l CIGAR

CIGAR Calcium gluconate Insulin Glucose Airway dilator - salbutamol Remove K+ - furosemide

Scarlett fever tx when can return to school

phenoxymethylpenicillin (penV) PO 10 days 24hrs after starting abx

Acute dystonic reactions

Procyclidine IV

COPD tx (no asthmatic fx)

SABA PRN LAMA+LABA

COPD Tx w asthmatic fx

SABA PRN LABA + ICS

LABA eg

salmeterol

LAMA eg

tiotropium

CT contrast with renal impairment

give saline

when to avoid nitrofurantoin

renal impairment

neutropenic sepsis (neutrophils < 1)

IV Tazocin

beware of what with NOACs eg apixaban

eGFR

anaphylaxis tx

wheeze = salbutamol 0.5ml 1:1000 adrenalin IM IV chlorphenamine 200mg IV hydrocortisone

preventing alcohol relapse

acamprosate

hepatic encephalopathy give?

lactulose