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Women's Health Exam 3 > Prenatal care part 1 > Flashcards

Prenatal care part 1 Flashcards

(86 cards)

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1
Q

Risk factors for fetal abnormalities

A
  • Advanced maternal age
  • previous pregnancy affected by chromosomal abnormalities
    *recurrent history of early pregnancy loss
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2
Q

Screenings performed at a preconception visit

A

HIV, STD, TB, the antibody for Rh factor, any genetic disorder influenced by race or ethnicity

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3
Q

How long do you wait for pregnancy after receiving a live vaccine

A

1 month

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4
Q

what is the recommended dose of folic acid a pregnant lady should take

A

> 0.4-0.8

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5
Q

when does antepartum surveillance begins

A

1st prenatal visit

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6
Q

what is hyperemesis gravidarum

A

extreme nausea and vomiting, top reason to cause the pregnant women to go to the hospital

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7
Q

What are some of the symptoms present in the 1st trimester

A

amenorrhea, breast tenderness, fatigue, edema, weight gain, morning sickness

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8
Q

When does hyperemesis gravidarum begin?

A

1st trimester

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9
Q

2nd and 3rd trimester signs and symptoms

A

back pain, leg cramps, round ligament pain, varicose veins

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10
Q

treatment for round ligament pain

A

yoga/stretching/change positions GRADUALLY

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11
Q

quickening

A

begins 16-18 weeks at times until 20 weeks

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12
Q

when can examiners feel quickening

A

24 weeks

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13
Q

Striae gravidarum

A

pigmented line down the midline of a pregnant women

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14
Q

what causes the striae in the middle of the abdomen

A

increase in progesterone

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15
Q

when is the 1st trimester

A

0-13 weeks and 6 days

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16
Q

when is the 2nd trimester

A

14 weeks - 27 and 6 days

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17
Q

when is the 3rd trimester

A

28-40 and 6 days

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18
Q

what is considered preterm

A

born before 37 weeks

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19
Q

what is considered full term

A

39- 40 weeks and 6 days

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20
Q

components of 1st prenatal visit

A

medical/obstetric history, psychosocial history, calculated EDD, US, lab test, selective screenings

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21
Q

What does the HPI always have to include

A

maternal age, gravity/parity status, LMP, estimated gestational age, CC

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22
Q

GTPAL

A

G- total number of pregnancies
T - full term babies (37-40 weeks)
P - preterm babies (20-37 weeks)
A- abortion and miscarriages
L- living children

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23
Q

Gravida

A

a woman who is or has been pregnant

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24
Q

primigravida

A

a woman who is in or who has experienced her 1st pregnancy

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25
multigravida
a woman who has been pregnant more than once
26
null gravida
a woman who has never been pregnant
27
primipara
a woman who has given birth to only 1 child
28
multipara
a woman who has given birth 2 or more times
29
nullipara
a woman who has never given birth or who has never had a pregnancy progress beyond the gestational age of abortion
30
how to calculate EDD
1st LMP - 3months + 7 days
31
What is the most accurate in calculating gestational age?
US
32
how much should a pregnant woman gain?
25-35lbs
33
what is the total weight an obese woman should gain when they are pregnant
11-20lbs
34
when does BP typically decrease
at the end of the 1st trimester
35
what is considered gestational HTN
after 20 weeks, persistent systolic of >140 or diastolic of >90 WITHOUT proteinuria
36
what does the 1st prenatal visit obstetric exam include
pelvic exam, cervical assessment, fetal HR
37
when can you use Doppler US to detect FHR
8-10 weeks
38
Narrowest fixed distance through which the fetal head must pass during vaginal delivery
obstetric conjugate
39
which pelvic type is the most common
round/gynaecoid
40
which is pelvis shape is the second most common
anthropoid
41
which pelvic shape requires C-section or is the most difficult
platypelloid
42
what is chadwick sign
bluish discoloration of the vaginal mucosa
43
when is the chadwich sign seen
8-12 weeks
44
what is Goodell sign
softening and cyanosis of the cervix
45
when is goodell sign seen
6-8 weeks
46
what is hegar sign
softening of the uterus at the junction with the cervix (cervical isthmus)
47
when is hegar sign felt
6-12 weeks
48
what is the normal fetal HR
110-160
49
what is the FHR in 1st weeks
150-170
50
where can you feel the fundus when the gestational age is 20 weeks
umbilicus
51
From where do you measure the fundal height
top of the uterine fundus to the pubis symphysis
52
when is the fundal height in cm roughly equal to the weeks of gestational age
16-36 weeks
53
what is the goal fetal presentation
occiput anterior
54
when can you feel lightening
about 36 weeks
55
What is lie
long axis of fetus relative to longitudinal axis of uterus
56
what is presentation
the fetal part that directly overlies the pelvic inlet - cephalic/breech
57
position
relationship of the fetus's head in comparison to the maternal pelvis - occipital anterior
58
Sunny side up
cephalic posterior (back of the head is on the back of the mom's pelvis)
59
What is Leopod's maneuvers
series of 4 palpitations to determine fetal lie, presentation and position
60
when can you use the Leopold maneuvers
20 weeks
61
when can you conduct an external cephalic version
36-38 weeks if breeched
62
Transabdominal can visualize pregnancy at what weeks
5-6 weeks
63
when do you use transvaginal US
if transabdominal US is inconclusive, can detect at 4-5 weeks
64
what is the most accurate method of estimating gestational age
US assessment of crown to rump length
65
how long should you exercise if the patients does not have any medical or obstetric complications
30 minutes per day of the week
66
pica
inclination for non-nutritional substances such as ice, food, starch, clay
67
what should a pregnant woman avoid eating
unpasteurized/raw food, thoroughly wash fresh fruits, avoid fish high in mercury, avoid soft cheese
68
how much folic acid should a pregnant woman take a day
400ug/day for low risk and 4mg/day for high risk
69
which med is the pain reliever of choice in pregnant woman
acetaminophen
70
what is the antihistamine of choice in a pregnant woman
chlorpheniramine
71
which antidiarrheal med is the TOC for pregnant woman
kaopectate
72
what are the first choice antidepressant for pregnant woman
SSRI and SNRI
73
fetal alcohol syndrome
growth restriction, facial abnormalities, CNS dysfunction
74
what is the most common developmental delay that is preventable
alcohol
75
what are considered teratogens to a pregnant woman
ionizing radiation, methyl mercury, herbal remedies
76
Sexual activity in pregnant woman
no restrictions during pregnancy
77
when is sexual activity restricted in a pregnant woman
placenta previa, vaginal bleeding, premature rupture of the membrane, history of preterm labor
78
Most airline permit travel for up to how many weeks
36 weeks
79
travel is avoided in which types of pregnant women
HTN, poorly controlled DM, sickle cell disease
80
how long is the leave of absence
4-6 weeks
81
benefits of breastfeeding
nutrition, passive immunity, decrease rates of DM, HTN and heart disease
82
CI to breastfeeding
maternal infection, medication, if an infant has galactosemia
83
what vitamin need to be supplemented for infants who are breast feeding in the 1st year
vitamin D 400IU
84
vaccines not recommended
HPV, MMR, live flu, varicella, travel vaccines
85
when is circumcision performed
2 days of life
86
primigravida
a woman who is in or who has experienced her 1st pregnancy

Women's Health Exam 3 (4 decks)

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