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Dental Development and Anatomy > Premolars > Flashcards

Premolars Flashcards

1
Q

Premolar Development

____ developmental lobes, most times

one exception: ______

A

four

mandibular second premolard

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2
Q

Maxillary Premolar Development
! 1st and 2nd: There are ______ developmental lobes
! There are ______ facial developmental lobes.
! The middle facial lobe forms the ______ tip
! The palatal developmental lobe forms the ______ cusp.

A

four
three
buccal cusp
lingual or palatal

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3
Q

Occlusal View
! ______: Linear elevation on the surface of the tooth
# Marginal Ridge: Extend ______; are the mesial and distal borders of the occlusal surface
# Cusp Ridges: Extend from the ______
$ M-D: Form the ______ and ______ borders of the occlusal surface
$ B-L: Form the ______ on the occlusal surface –______ and ______

A 
ridge
B-L
cusp tip
buccal
lingual
internal ridges
triangular ridges
transverse ridges
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4
Q

______: Linear intersection of developing lobes
! ______: A rounded or angular depression found on the surface of a
tooth
! ______: A defect found in the developmental groove
! ______: A defect found in the fossa

A

developmental grooves
fossa
fissure
pit

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5
Q

Occlusal View
! Cusp Ridges:
B-L:
• 􏰀______􏰀 • 􏰁______􏰀

A

triangular ridges

transverse ridges

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6
Q

Maxillary First Premolar

Eruption: _____

A

10-11 years

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7
Q

Maxillary First Premolar

The _____ crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension
! NOTE: this is true for _____ premolars

A

occlusocervical

all

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8
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! The outline form of the crown has been described as:
# _____
# shaped like a _____
# _____ in the occlusal half of the crown

A

trapezoidal
pentagon
ovoid

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9
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! ***The mesial cusp ridge of the buccal cusp is _____ than the distal cusp ridge and may be concave or notched
! The distal cusp ridge more _____ than the mesial cusp ridge
! The buccal cusp is long and pointed

A

longer

convex

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10
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! The mesial contact is located in the _____ third; near the junction of the occlusal and middle thirds
! mesial surface of the crown below/(cervical) to the contact area is concave

A

middle

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11
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! The distal contact is located in the _____ third; more _____ than the mesial contact
! The distal proximal surface contact area is _____

A

middle
cervical
convex

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12
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–BuccalView
! There is a well-developed _____
! Mesial and distal buccal developmental depressions are sometimes present

A

facial (buccal) ridge (middle lobe)

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13
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Buccal View
! Most maxillary first premolars have _____ roots
! The buccal root has a frequent _____ curve near the apex

A

two

distal

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14
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal view is described as _____

A

hexagonal

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15
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal table is made up of the _____ marginal ridges and _____ M-D cusp ridges

A

two

four

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16
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The B-L dimension is _____ than the M-D dimension
! The M-D of the buccal portion of the crown is _____
# Tooth tapers to the _____

A

greater
wider
lingual

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17
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary First Premolar –
Occlusal View
! The mesial contact is located just buccal to the _____ of the crown
! The distal contact is also located _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown.
**more _____ than the mesial contact

A

buccolingual center
buccal
buccal

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18
Q 
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary First Premolar –
Occlusal View
!  Buccal triangular ridge 
#  \_\_\_\_\_
!  Lingual triangular ridge 
# seldom \_\_\_\_\_ 
# \_\_\_\_\_ surface
!  The buccal and lingual triangular ridges meet forming a \_\_\_\_\_
A

prominent
prominent
flatter
transverse ridge

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19
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! There are _____ depressions in the mesial and distal of the central fossa groove
# _____ and _____ fossae

A

two
mesial
distal

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20
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar – Occlusal View
! There is a major distinguishing feature:
# Mesial extension of the _____
# _____ Groove

A

central fossa groove

mesial marginal ridge

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21
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The Mesial Marginal Ridge Groove is _____
# ***MMRG distinguishes this premolar from _____

A

visible

all others

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22
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View

! The buccolingual crown dimension is _____ than the occlusocervical crown dimension

A

greater

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23
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The outline form of the crown has been described as _____
! The occlusal table is centered over the _____ trunk

A

trapezoidal

root

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24
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The lingual cusp is _____ and more _____ than the buccal cusp
! The buccal cusp is about _____ longer than the lingual cusp

A

shorter
blunt
1 mm

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25
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View

! The lingual cusp tip is not as _____ as the buccal cusp tip.

A

sharply pointed

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26
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The buccal height of contour is located in the _____ third of the crown
! The lingual height of contour is located in the **_____ third of the crown

A

cervical

middle

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27
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View
! The mesial crown surface has a _____ developmental depression
! This marked depression continues apically and joins the _____ depression

A

cervical

root

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28
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Mesial View

! _____ pulpal canals

A

two

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29
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Distal View

! The distal marginal ridge does not possess a _____ that crosses the ridge

A

developmental groove

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30
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar–Distal View

! The distal cervical crown surface does not have a _____

A

depression

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31
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar– Lingual View
! The lingual surface is _____ than the buccal surface in all dimensions
# The crown tapers toward the _____
# It is smoother, with no _____ or _____

A

smaller
lingual
ridges
depressions

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32
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary First Premolar– Lingual View
! The lingual root is _____ than the buccal/facial root
! The _____ root apex may bend toward the mesial or distal

A

shorter

lingual

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33
Q

Maxillary Second Premolar

Eruption: _____

A

10-12 years

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34
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS MaxillarySecond Premolar– Buccal View
! The occlusocervical crown dimension is _____ than the mesiodistal crown dimension

A

greater

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35
Q 
UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary Second Premolar–
Buccal View
!  The outline form of the crown has been described as:
# \_\_\_\_\_ 
# shaped like a
\_\_\_\_\_
!  \_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_ cusp than the first premolar
A

trapezoidal
pentagon
shorter
rounder

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36
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View
! The distal cusp ridge of the buccal cusp is _____ than the mesial cusp ridge

A

longer

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37
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View
! The mesial contact area is located in the _____ third near the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds

A

middle
occlusal
middle

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38
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View
! The distal contact area is located in the middle third slightly _____ to the mesial contact

A

below/cervical

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39
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Buccal View
! Mesial and distal buccal developmental depressions only _____ present
! There is a _____ _____ shaped root
! The root has a frequent curve to the _____

A

sometimes
single
conically
distal

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40
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal view has been described as _____ and has an _____ or _____ shape

A

rounded
oblong
oval

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41
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal table is also _____ in shape
! The fossae are relatively close to the _____ of the tooth
! Transverse ridge - _____

A

oval
center
thinner

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42
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary Second Premolar –
Occlusal View
! There are several _____ on the occlusal surface
! The number of supplemental grooves gives the surface a 􏰁_____􏰀 appearance
! Generally: more _____ = more supplemental grooves

A

supplemental grooves
wrinkled
posterior

43
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! The _____ crown dimension is greater than the mesiodistal crown dimension
! Mesial and distal marginal ridges are _____ to one another
! The crown shows _____ (if any) taper to the lingual

A

B-L
parallel
little

44
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! The mesial contact is located _____ to the _____ center of the crown
! The distal contact is located _____ to the B-L center of the crown but lingual to the _____ contact

A

buccal
B-L
buccal
mesial

45
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The buccolingual crown dimension is _____ than the occlusocervical crown dimension

A

buccolingual

46
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The outline form of the crown is also described as _____
! The occlusal table is _____ over the root trunk

A

trapezoidal

centered

47
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary Second Premolar–
Mesial View
! The buccal and lingual cusps are nearly the same _____
! The mesial marginal ridge is not crossed by a _____
# There is no _____ on the mesial surface

A

length/height
developmental groove
depression

48
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The buccal height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown
! The lingual height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown

A

cervical

middle

49
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary Second Premolar– Mesial View
! _____ pulpal canal, but sometimes can be _____

A

1

2

50
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Maxillary Second Premolar– Lingual View
! The crown is only slightly narrower _____ on the lingual.
# The mesiodistal dimension of the lingual aspect of the crown is almost _____ to the buccal aspect

A

mesiodistally

identical

51
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Maxillary Second Premolar–
Lingual View
! Little of the occlusal surface is _____ because the height of the _____ cusp is almost the same as the _____ cusp

A

visible
lingual
buccal

52
Q

Mandibular Premolar Development
! 1st : There are _____ developmental lobes
! 2nd: There are _____ or _____ developmental lobes
! The lingual of the _____ most commonly has 2 cusps formed from 2 separate _____


A 
four
four
five
2nd premolar
developmental lobes
53
Q

Mandibular First Premolar

Eruption: _____

A

11-12 years

54
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View
! The occlusocervical crown dimension is _____ than the mesiodistal crown dimension

A

greater

55
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View
! The outline form of the crown is also described as:
“ _____
“ shaped like a _____

A

trapezoidal

pentagon

56
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar–
Buccal View
! The mesial cusp ridge of the buccal cusp is _____ then the distal cusp ridge
! Shallow occlusal notches are commonplace on _____ cusp ridges

A

shorter

both

57
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar–
Buccal View
! The mesial contact is located in the _____ third near the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds
! The distal contact is located in the _____ third
! **Many times it can be at the same level as the _____ contact

A 
middle
occlusal
middle
middle
mesial
58
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Buccal View
! There is a prominent elevation of the _____

! Mesial and distal buccal developmental depressions are _____ present

A

buccal ridge

sometimes

59
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar–
DM
Buccal View
! There is a _____ conically shaped root
! The _____ of the first premolar is relatively pointed
! The root has a frequent curve to the _____

A

single
root apex
distal

60
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal view is _____ shaped
! B-L crown dimension:
“ _____ of any posterior tooth

A

diamond

smallest

61
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The B-L crown dimension is _____ than the M-D crown dimension
! More than _____ of the facial surface is visible from an occlusal view

A

greater

two thirds

62
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View
! There is a concavity in the _____ on the lingual surface in the mesial half of the crown
“ 􏰁_____􏰀

A

outline form

mesiolingual developmental groove

63
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar –
Occlusal View
! The mesial contact is _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown
! The distal contact is located at the buccolingual _____ of the crown, or may be just slightly _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown
“ Not as buccal as the _____ contact

A

buccal
center
facial
mesial

64
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The occlusal table is distinctly _____ in form


A

triangular

65
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar – Occlusal View
! The _____ is very prominent
! Not often crossed by a _____
“ shallow

A

transverse ridge

deep central fossa groove

66
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! The outline form described as _____
! The O-C crown dimension is _____ than the B-L crown dimension*
* opposite from the _____

A

rhomboidal
greater
max premolars

67
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar–
Mesial View
! The crowns of all mandibular _____ teeth tilt lingually on the root when viewed _____. WHY?
! The occlusal table is _____ centered over the root trunk
! The first premolar crown has a substantial _____ tilt

A

posterior
proximally
not
lingual

68
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! The occlusal table slopes _____
! The buccal triangular ridge slopes lingually at about _____

A

lingually

45 degrees

69
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! The lingual cusp is _____ and usually not more than half the _____ dimension of the buccal cusp

A

very small

O-C

70
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! The slope of the mesial marginal ridge is nearly _____ to the buccal triangular ridge
! The mesial marginal ridge is located farther _____ than the distal marginal ridge*

A

parallel

cervically

71
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! Mesiolingual groove viewed from the _____ view, but present on the _____ surface

A

mesial

lingual

72
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! The buccal height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown
! The lingual height of contour is in the _____ third of the crown near the lingual cusp tip
“ ***It is located in the _____ third of the lingual cusp


A

cervical
middle
occlusal

73
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar– Mesial View
! _____ pulpal canal


A

1

74
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular First Premolar–
! The distal marginal ridge is more _____ aligned than the mesial marginal ridge
! ***less _____ than the mesial
“ All other premolars have mesial marginal ridges _____ (more occlusal) than their opposing distal marginal ridges

A

horizontally
cervical
higher

75
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Lingual View
! The crown tapers _____ “ is much narrower _____ on
the lingual side
! The lingual cusp is quite small and often pointed

A

lingually

M-D

76
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular First Premolar– Lingual View
! The mesiolingual developmental groove separates the _____ from the _____
“ Again, it is on the _____ surface, not the mesial surface

A

mesial marginal ridge
lingual cusp
lingual

77
Q

Mandibular Second Premolar

Eruiption: _____

A

11-12 years

78
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View
! The outline form of the crown also described as:
“ _____
“ shaped like a _____


A

trapezoidal

pentagon

79
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View
! The _____ crown dimension is also greater than the M- D crown dimension

A

O-C

80
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar–
Buccal View
! The _____ cusp is blunted or more rounded
! The mesial cusp ridge of the facial cusp is _____ then the distal cusp ridge
“ **True for all premolars except the _____

A

buccal
shorter
maxillary 1st

81
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar–
DM
Buccal View
! The mesial contact is in the _____ third just below (cervical to) the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds
! The distal contact is also in the _____ third just below (cervical to) the junction of the _____ and _____ thirds
“ More _____ than the mesial contact

A 
middle
occlusal
middle
middle
occlusal middle
cervical
82
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View
! Most second premolars have no distinct _____
! Shallow _____ are commonplace on _____ cusp ridges
“ more likely on the _____

A

buccal developmental depression
occlusal notches
both
distal

83
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Buccal View
! There is a _____ conically shaped root
! The root has a frequent curve to the _____

A

sinlge

distal

84
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Occlusal View
! The mandibular second premolar more often has _____ cusps than it has _____ cusps
“ Only _____ that often has 2 lingual cusps
“ **if 2 Lingual cusps are present, then it developed from _____ lobes of calcification

A

3
2
premolar
5

85
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Occlusal View
! With 3 cusp premolars, the occlusal outline form is nearly _____
! The outline of 2 cusped 2nd premolar has been described as _____ or _____

A

square
round
oval

86
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar - Occlusal View

! The B-L crown dimension is still _____ than the M-D crown dimensions, but only slightly
! The M-D dimension of the lingual half of the crown _____ the M-D dimension of the buccal half of the crown
! The mesial and sital surfaces are _____ to each other

A

greater
= or greater than
parallel

87
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular Second Premolar –
MD
Occlusal View
! The mesial contact is just _____ to the B-L center of the crown
! The distal contact is at the B-L _____ of the crown, or slightly _____ to the buccolingual center of the crown
“ just lingual to the _____ contact

A

buccal
center
facial
mesial

88
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! Of the two lingual cusps, the _____ is larger and extends higher occlusally

A

mesiolingual

89
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! There are _____ fossae (mesial; distal; and central) on _____-cusp premolars
! The 3-cusp mandibular second premolar has a _____
“ The _____ is the largest fossa

A

3
3
central fossa
central fossa

90
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! There are _____ fossae (mesial and distal) on _____-cusp premolars.

A

2

2

91
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View
! The number and names of the developmental grooves on the occlusal surface varies with the number of _____

A

cusps

92
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular Second Premolar –
Occlusal View – 3 cusp tooth:
! The 3-cusp premolar:
“ mesial developmental groove- travels _____ from the _____
“ distal developmental groove- travels _____ from the _____
“ lingual developmental groove- travels in a _____ direction from the central fossa; located _____ to the center of the crown

A 
MB
central fossa
DB
central fossa
L
distal
93
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 3 cusp tooth:
! The developmental grooves on the occlusal surface of a 3-cusp premolar form a 􏰁_____􏰀- shaped pattern
! There is no _____ on a 3-cusp premolar

A

Y

transverse ridge

94
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 2 cusp tooth:
! The 2-cusp premolar has a _____ connecting the mesial and distal fossae
! There is no _____

A

central developmental groove

lingual groove

95
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar – Occlusal View – 2 cusp tooth:
! There is a 􏰁_____􏰀 or 􏰁_____􏰀-shaped groove pattern on the occlusal surface
! The 2-cusp premolar does have a _____ present

A

U
H
transverse ridge

96
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The outline form of the crown is _____
! The occlusal table is not centered over the _____ trunk

A

rhomboidal

root

97
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The lingual cusp is _____ than the facial cusp
“ taller than the lingual cusp of the _____

A

shorter

mandibular first premolar

98
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View
! Shorter and wider crown
! The O-C crown dimension is almost the _____ as the B-L crown dimension

A

same

99
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The mesial marginal ridge is _____ positioned at a _____ to the long axis of the tooth
! _____ is not present

A

horizontally
right angle
mesiolingual developmental groove

100
Q

NIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View
! The buccal height of contour is located in the _____ third
“ **near the junction with the _____ third
! The lingual height of contour is located in the _____ third of the crown
“ **It can also be located in the _____ third of the lingual cusp


A

cervical
middle
middle
occlusal

101
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular Second Premolar– Mesial View
! _____ pulpal canal

A

1

102
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar–
Lingual View
! When 2 lingual cusps present:
“ The mesiolingual cusp is almost always _____ and projects _____ occlusally than the distolingual cusp

A

longer

higher

103
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Mandibular Second Premolar–
Lingual View
! When 2 lingual cusps present:
“ The ML cusp occupies roughly _____ of the M-D crown width
“ The O-C height of the mesiolingual cusp closer to the height of the the buccal cusp, but still _____

A

two-thirds

shorter

104
Q

UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS Mandibular Second Premolar– Lingual View
! The lingual groove extends a _____ distance onto the lingual surface

A

short

Dental Development and Anatomy (13 decks)

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