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RD1 Lecture > Premolars > Flashcards

Premolars Flashcards

1
Q

Which premolar has a longer mesial cusp ridge than distal cusp ridge?

A

Max 1 premolar

Primary canines also have this feature

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2
Q

Which tooth has the most prominent transverse ridge

A

Mand 1 premolar

They also have a ML dev groove and a very small lingual cusp

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3
Q

Mand 2 premolar distal aspect

A

Tooth tilts distally, so the 3 cusps are visible from this view
Occlusal surface can be seen from distal view, which is a characteristic of all posterior teeth

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4
Q

Which is the only premolar with a central fossa

A

Mand 2 premolar

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5
Q

Lingual aspect of max 2 premolar

How many roots
What does it look like and which way does the root point

A

Lingual cusp is longer than the max 1 premolar
So max 2 premolar buccal and lingual cusps are more equal in size

Lingual cusp tip is offset to the mesial, ie mesial ridge is shorter than the distal ridge

Single root
Root points to the distal !!

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6
Q

Are mand or max premolars more alike?

A

Max premolars are more alike

Their buccal and lingual cusps are sim to the same height
Oblong faciolingually

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7
Q

Mand 1 premolar occlusal view

Shape, lobe

A

Diamond shape

Middle labial lobe makes up bulk of tooth, meaning a lot of the buccal surface can be seen from the occlusal
Very little of the lingual surface is seen because of the small lingual cusp
More bulk in distal half

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8
Q

Which premolar is the smallest

A

Mand 1 premolar

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9
Q

Max 1 premolar from mesial view

Mesial anatomy
Root and cusp lengths and #
Strength

A

Prominent mesial concavity (developmental groove) right below the contact area
This makes it harder to do interproximal fillings on the mesial bc the enamel is very thin in this area
And you may need to use a larger wedge

Two spindly roots
Makes tooth very weak and brittle
Buccal root and crown are longer than the lingual root and crown
Mesial marginal ridge groove present

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10
Q

Max 2 premolar occlusal aspect

Shape and ridge
Cusps and grooves

A 
Symmetrical 
Less prom buccal ridge
Buccal cusp offset to mesial
Lingual cusp offset to mesial but not as much as max 1 
Line angles are more rounded

Short central groove
No mesial marginal groove
More supplemental grooves

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11
Q

Mand premolar characteristics

A

Less alike than max premolars
Vary in shape

From the proximal view, the crowns are tilted lingually like all mand teeth
Buccal cusps are much larger than the lingual cusps

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12
Q

What groove pattern is visible on the mand 2 premolar 3 cusp type and 2 cusp type?

A

3 cusp type- Y shaped groove pattern

2 cusp type- U or H shaped groove pattern

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13
Q

Mand 2 premolar

A

Larger than mand 1
Longer root

Can have 2 or 3 cusps

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14
Q

Which is the only tooth with a mesial crown concavity

A

Max 1 premolar

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15
Q

Shape of max vs mand premolars

A

All premolars are longer buccolingually than mesiodistally, BUT

Max are more oblong shaped, MD is a lot shorter than BL

Mand are more square shaped, the difference in length is not as high

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16
Q

Which premolar appears to be “wrinkled” and oval shaped

A

Max 2 premolar

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17
Q

Canine guidance

A

When the canines function to protect the more fragile premolars (specifically max 1 premolars) from breaking and occluding too hard together

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18
Q

HOC of mand 1 premolar from proximal view

A

Middle third for both buccal and lingual

19
Q

Mand 2 premolar mesial view

A

Not similar to mand 1 premolar

The marginal ridge is more horizontal and tooth appears to be tilted less lingually

There is no mesial dev groove on root

20
Q

Triangular ridge

What do triangular ridges across from each other form?

A

From cusp tip to the central groove

2 across from each other form a transverse ridge

21
Q

Which tooth is the only posterior tooth to have the mesial marginal ridge more cervical than the distal marginal ridge

A

Mand 1 premolar, it is also at a different angle than the distal ridge

Also has lingual groove, small lingual cusp, most prom transverse ridge

22
Q

Mand 1 premolar resembles a ______ and the mand 2 premolar resembles a ____

A

Mand 1 - canine

Mand 2- molar

23
Q

Which tooth has a mesial contact that is more cervical than the distal contact?

A

MAND 1 PREMOLAR!!!

24
Q

Which mand premolar appears tilted more to the lingual

A

Max 1 premolar

25
Q

Functions of specific premolars

A

First- assist canines is shearing and cutting food

All- support corners of mouth, keep from sagging
Function w molars to chew food
Maintain vertical dimension of face

26
Q

Which premolar is likely to have two roots

A

Max 1 premolar

27
Q

Max 2 premolar from the proximal view

A

Single root
No mesial concavity or groove
Cusps are more equal in size

28
Q

Mand 2 premolar

2 cusp vs 3 cusp type
Describe each and Which is more common

A

3 cusp type is more common
Square shape

Buccal cusp > ML cusp > DL cusp

ML cusp is wider and longer than the DL cusp
Lingual groove separates them

2 cusp type
Round shape
Central groove is U or H shaped

29
Q

Mand 2 premolar buccal view

A

Buccal cusp is shorter, and more rounded than mand 1 premolar

30
Q

Mand 1 premolars have a buccal cusp that is _______ than mand 2 premolar

A

Sharper and taller

They resemble mand canines

31
Q

Mand premolars from proximal view

Compare them

A

Crowns tip to lingual and they appear rhomboid shaped, more so on mand 1

Buccal cusps are longer than lingual cusps, more so on mand 1

32
Q

Lingual aspect of max 1 premolar

What does it look like and which way to roots point

A

The crown and root is narrower, so you can see the buccal crown and root from this view

Roots point towards the mesial!!!
Lingual root is shorter than the mesial

33
Q

Lingual lobe of premolars forms what? In anterior?

A

Lingual lobe of premolars forms lingual cusp

In anteriors it forms the cingulum

34
Q

Mand 1 premolar

Buccal and lingual view

A

Cusp tip more towards mesial, mesial ridge shorter than distal ridge
MESIAL CONTACT IS MORE CERVICAL THAN DISTAL CONTACT

Very small lingual cusp, entire occlusal surface visible from lingual
ML developmental groove
Prominent transverse ridge

35
Q

Where does the bifurcation begin on max 1 premolar

A

In the apical third

36
Q

Which cusp type is most common in mand 2 premolars

A

The 3 cusp type

37
Q

Max 1 premolar resembles which tooth

A

The canine

Except the cusp tip of the premolar is placed more distally

38
Q

Cusp tip of max second premolar cusp tip is more ______ and _____ than max 1 premolar

A

More mesial and more rounded

39
Q

How many developmental lobes make up the facial/lingual face of premolars

A

Facial is 3 lobes

Lingual is 1 lobe

40
Q

Compare shapes of mand premolars

A

Mand 1 is diamond shape bc of large middle labial lobe
Appears to be more bulky towards the distal bc of buccal cusp position, and bc of the ML groove
The ML area is flattened

Mand 2 is often more square
Can have 2 or 3 cusps

41
Q

Max 1 premolar occlusal view

Shape and ridge
Grooves and cusps

A

Asymmetrical
Buccal ridge is more prominent
Buccal cusp offset to distal
Lingual cusp offset to mesial

Long central dev groove runs across entire transverse ridge
The mesial marginal ridge groove makes the central groove look even longer
Few supp grooves

42
Q

Mand 1 premolar from the mesial view

Cusp locations and groove and root

A

Tip of buccal cusp is centered over root
Tip of lingual cusp is centered over the lingual border of root
This makes the tooth appear to have a steep angle, sloped downwards to the lingual

Can see the ML groove

Short root with deep developmental groove

43
Q

Which tooth is most likely to be removed to make room on the mand arch

A

Mand 1 premolar

Sometimes the mand 2 premolar is removed, depends on how much space is actually needed

RD1 Lecture (10 decks)

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