Premalignant lesions Flashcards
Definition of leukoplakia
White patch or plaque that wont rub off and which can not be diagnosed as any specific condition (clinically descriptive)
Two Etiologies of Leukoplakia
Frictional Keratosis
Tobacco
what causes most Leukoplakia
Tobacco use (Smoked, Topical)
What is stomitis nicotina
White palate, small red macules (Not premalignant)
Signs of frictional Keratosis
-reversible hyperkeratosis 2 degrees to physical irritant
Not premalignant
What makes up 80% of leukoplakia features
Hyperparakeratosis - increased amount of parakeratin
Hyperorthokeratosis - increased amount of orthokeratin
acanthosis - increases thickess of epithelium
17% of leukoplakia is made up of…. (6 things)
epithelial dysplasia or carcinoma in situ
- increased mitosis
- abnormal keratinization
- increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios
- cellular disorientation
- hyperchromatism
- pleomorphism
3% of leukoplakia
Superficially invasive squamous cell carcinoma
a single incisional biopsy will underdiagnos ______ of the time when compared to the surgical excision which will also diplay carcinoma _____ of the time. with multiple biopsies underdiagnosis will be reduced to ____ and carcinoma to ______
30%
12%
12%
2.4%
which three structures are the most at risk for leukoplakia
- floor of mouth and ventral tongue (50%)
- lateral border of tongue (25%)
- lower lip (35%)
what arethe two variations of leukoplakia
Homogenicity
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
what are the three types of non-homogeneous leukoplakia
erythroplakia
nodular leukoplakia
verrucous leukoplakia
what is Proliferative verrucous leuikoplakia
Rare form of progressive leukoplakia that is characterized by progression, multifacality, verrucous morphology, recurrence after excision, pregression to SCC and death
What is Erythroplakia
red patch which cant be diagnosed as specific condition
clinical features for erytroplakia
tendancy for high risk sites
may produce symptoms
