PRELIMS_Community Health Nursing Flashcards
synthesis of nursing knowledge and practice and the science and practice of public health
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
how is community health nursing implemented and what does it aim to promote and prevent?
implemented via a systematic use of nursing process (ADPIE) and other process to promote health and prevent illness in population groups
what is the 2 major setting ?
- Community or public
2. Hospital setting
differentiate 2 major setting
1.Community or public
➜theoretically different
➜community-wider scope
2.Hospital setting
Community health nursing ➜deals with different population groups =individual =family =group
give 5 goals of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
- Promotion of health and prevention of disease
- Comprehensive, general, continual and not episodic
- Individuals, families and population groups and practitioner
- Nurse and the client have greater control in making decisions
- The nurse recognizes the impact of different factors on health and has a greater awareness of his/her clients’ lives and situations
- prevent community to be hospitalized
- health promotion and prevention
1.Promotion of health and prevention of disease
-for as long as you are assigned to a community care is continual
2.Comprehensive, general, continual and not episodic
even sick or well mayroong intervention
3.Individuals, families and population groups and practitioner
- active partnership with the client
- participatory
- home visits
- active interaction
- collaboration
- mutual understanding
4.Nurse and the client have greater control in making decisions
Nurses play a major role in decision making
true or false
true
Emphasize or help the px to see the problem or why there is a need
true or false?
true
know factors or determinants of health
-what are the causes of the problem?
-what problems are they experiencing that
limits their access to health
5.The nurse recognizes the impact of different factors on health and has a greater awareness of his/her clients’ lives and situations
give 6 client oriented roles
✅Caregiver ✅Educator ✅Counselor ✅Referral resource ✅Role model ✅Case manager
give 3Delivery-Oriented Roles
✅Coordinator
✅Collaborator
✅Liaison
give 8 Population-Oriented Roles
✅Case finder ✅Leader ✅Change agent ✅Community mobilizer ✅Coalition builder ✅Policy advocate ✅Social marketer ✅Research
practice of community health nursing is based on the 4 ff:
➤ Clients
➤ Health
➤ Healthcare delivery system
➤ National health situation
give 4 clienteles
Individual
Families
Population groups
Community
point of entry of nursing care.
Individual
differentiate patient and client
o Patient –– people who are sick or unwell.
o Client –– people who are well or not sick.
basic unit of society; center of the delivery of care.
Families
collection of people that are integrated, interdependent, live in the same household
Families
share same experiences
Families
interacting on a daily basis
Families
action of one affects other members
Families
point of specific care
Population groups
these are individuals who share a common characteristics.
Population groups
common developmental state, disease or condition
Population groups
not related by blood or part of the family but share same characteristics
Population groups
give 5 examples of population groups
people living with HIV in a community Senior citizens School age Disability Hypertension
point of entire care.
Community
share common geographic boundaries, values and interests
Community
not same social status
Community
one vision for community and baranggay
Community
collection of population group, family, or individua
Community
what is health viewed as and what is its goal?
Viewed as a continuum, considered as a goal of public health and community health in particular
how did dunn decribe health?
emphasized high-level wellness which require that individual maintain a continuum of balance and purposeful direction within the environment where he is functioning
how did Florence Nightingaledecribe health?
looked into health and illness in relation to the environment.
o environment has a relationship with health and wellness
Societal services and activities designed to protect or restore the health of individuals, families, groups and communities
C.HEALTHCARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
standards of public health depends on the?
D.NATIONAL HEALTH SITUATION
practice of community health nursing is greatly affected by?
health situation
what are you going to take in national health situation
➤ Demographic profile
➤ Health Profile
➤ examples of Health Profile
✅ Births and deaths ✅ Morbidity and mortality ✅ Infants and children ✅ Maternal mortality ✅ Elderly ✅ Infectious and communicable diseases ✅ Mental illness
why is nx process more complex in CHN?
- applied now to a group of people
- addresses it as a family or a community
dealing with entire family not only one fam member
Family nx process
process of collecting, organizing, and analyzing data/ information about the client
Assessment
identification of the clients wellness status or needs and problems based on an analysis of the data/information gathered
- Diagnosis
logical step-by-step process in designing a plan of action to accomplish specific goals and objectives
3.Planning of outcomes
➤ Appropriate and responsive
➤ Evidence-based and reflective of nursing standards
➤ Culturally sensitive and appropriate tot he client’s personal circumstances
4.Nursing intervention
➤ Enhance the capability and empowering potential of clients
➜nurse decides with px
➜doing intervention with px
4.Nursing intervention
➤ Provision of nursing care, counseling, health education, capacity-building, coordinating and making referrals
➜goal is to make community self-reliant and independent
➜health education
4.Nursing intervention
➤ Doing or carrying out the interventions specified in the care plan in partnership with client-partners and/or other members of the team
5.Implementation
➤ Enhancing client-partners’ ability to unleash their
empowering potential for wellness prevention,
management or control of health problems
5.Implementation
➤ Includes the use of participatory action methodology
5.Implementation
Planned, ongoing, purposeful activity in which the nurse and the client-partner determine the client’s progress toward achievement of goals and outcomes.
6.Evaluation
Include client assessment and health needs/problems identified, interventions carried out, client response to interventions, outcome of interventions and future plan of care
7.Documentation
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES
give 3
A.Public Health Nursing
B.School Nursing
C.Occupational Health Nursing
➜city health offices or baranggay health centers
1.Public Health Nursing
➜Implementers of the local government unit’s mandate in promoting and protecting
the health of their constituents
1.Public Health Nursing
➜Participates in planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the LGU’s
health programs
1.Public Health Nursing
company nurses
2.Occupational Health Nursing
care for employees @ workplace
2.Occupational Health Nursing
Aimed at assisting workers in all occupations to cope with actual and potential stresses in relation to their work and work environment
2.Occupational Health Nursing
Helping workers attain and maintain optimum level of physical and psychological functioning
2.Occupational Health Nursing
Aims to promote the health of school personnel and pupil/students (health nutrition & assessment)
3.School Nursing
what does a school nurse do?
Health advocacy, health promotion, disease
prevention, early detection of disease
what does occupational health nursing aim at?
assisting workers in all occupations to cope with actual and potential stresses in relation to their work and work environment
what does a public health nurse impplement?
local government unit’s mandate in promoting and protecting
the health of their constituents
where does public health nurse participate @?
planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the LGU’s
health programs
3 CORE PUBLIC HEALTH FUNCTIONS
- ASSESSMENT
- POLICY DEVELOPMENT
- ASSURANCE
what is assessment?
Regular collection, analysis and information sharing about health conditions, risks and resources in a community.
Regular collection, analysis and information sharing about health conditions, risks and resources in a community.
assessment
how will you develop a policy?
Use of information gathered during assessment to develop local and state health policies and to direct resources toward those policies.
Use of information gathered during assessment to develop local and state health policies and to direct resources toward those policies.
POLICY DEVELOPMENT
Focuses on the availability of necessary health services throughout the community.
ASSURANCE
it includes maintaining the ability of both public health agencies and private providers to manage day to day operations and the capacity to respond to critical situations and emergencies.
ASSURANCE
give the first 7 STANDARDS OF CARE
ASSESSMENT POPULATION DIAGNOSIS PRIORITIES OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION QUALITY OF PRACTICE
The public health nurse collects comprehensive
data pertinent to the health status of the population.
Standard 1: ASSESSMENT
The public health nurse analyses the assessment data to determine the population diagnosis and priorities
Standard 2: POPULATION DIAGNOSIS PRIORITIES
The public health nurse identifies outcomes for a
plan that is based on population diagnosis and
priorities.
Standard 3: OUTCOMES IDENTIFICATION
The public health nurse develops a plan that reflects best practices by identifying strategies, action plans and alternatives to attain expected outcomes
Standard 4: PLANNING
The Public Health Nurse implements the identified plans by partnering with others.
Standard 5: IMPLEMENTATION
Standard 5: IMPLEMENTATION
Coordinates programs, services
and other activities to implement the identified
plan.
Coordination
Standard 5: IMPLEMENTATION
employs multiple strategies to promote health,
prevent disease and ensure a safe environment
for population
Health education and Health Promotion
Standard 5: IMPLEMENTATION
Provides consultation to various
community groups and officials to facilitate the
implementation of programs and services.
Consultation
Standard 5: IMPLEMENTATION
Identifies, interprets and implements public health laws, regulations and Policies
Regulatory Activities
The Public Health Nurse evaluates the health status of the population.
Standard 6: EVALUATION
systematically enhances the
quality and effectiveness of nursing practice.
Standard 7: QUALITY OF PRACTICE
give the last 6 STANDARDS OF CARE
EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE EVALUATION COLEGIALITY AND PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP COLLABORATION ETHICS RESEARCH RESOURCE UTILIZATION POPULATION LEADERSHIP
attains knowledge and
competency that reflects current nursing and public
health practice.
Standard 8: EDUCATION
The Public Health Nurse evaluates one’s own
nursing practice in relation to professional practice
standards and guidelines, relevant statutes, rules
and regulations
Standard 9: PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE EVALUATION
Public Health Nurse establishes collegial
partnership while interacting with representatives
of the population, organizations and health and
human services professionals and contributes to the professional development of peers, students,
colleagues and others.
Standard 10: COLEGIALITY AND PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP
The Public Health Nurse collaborates with the
representatives of the population, organization and
health and human service professionals in
providing for and promoting the health of the
population.
Standard 11: COLLABORATION
INtegrates ethical
provisions in all areas of practice.
Standard 12: ETHICS
The Public Health Nurse integrates research
findings in all areas of practice
Standard 13: RESEARCH
The Public Health Nurse considers factors related to safety, effectiveness, cost and impact on practice and in the planning and delivery of nursing and public health programs, policies and services
Standard 14: RESOURCE UTILIZATION
POPULATION
The Public Health Nurse provides leadership in
nursing and public health.
Standard 15: LEADERSHIP
The Philippine Regulatory Board of
Nursing expects beginning professional
nurses to be able to perform three roles:
✅health care provider,
✅Manager leader
✅researcher.
The use of the nursing process applied in the natural environment of the client pertains to this role.
1.HEALTHCARE PROVIDER
Caring is the essence of nursing and has been widely expected in all setting
1.HEALTHCARE PROVIDER
GIVE example of roles of HEALTHCARE PROVIDER
Taking the history of a pregnant woman in the village clinic (Barangay Health Center)
Communicating information to help patients make an informed choice regarding their health is a
key activity in public health work
2.HEALTHCARE EDUCATOR
hoped that awareness will impact people’s behavior to achieve health in their own hands.
2.HEALTHCARE EDUCATOR
GIVE example of roles of HEALTHCARE EDUCATOR
Instructing patients how to take their prescribed medicine or sharing information about the benefits of healthy lifestyle.
Nurses working under Local Government Units deliver healthcare to the grassroots. This also requires that programs initiated by the National Government thru the Department of Health are
executed at all levels.
3.PROGRAM IMPLEMENTER
GIVE example of roles of 3.PROGRAM IMPLEMENTER
Implementation of the different health programs
(NIP, Maternal, FP, NCD, CD, Environmental Sanitation)
and submission of reports.
what is best captured by 4.COMMUNITY ORGANIZER?
Working with people in communities and providing them ownership of their healthcare needs and to act collectively on their issues
what is the form of community engagement that seeks to rally people to work together and act on issues owned, identified, and solved thru and by the people’s own efforts?
Community Organizing
Educating the people and mobilizing all stakeholders to address problems.
4.COMMUNITY ORGANIZER
Community and Public health work deals with competing claims specifically on utilization
of limited resources. Hence, the nurse employs principles of management to maximize resources effectively and efficiently
5.MANAGER/LEADER
Budgeting, inventories, scheduling and conducting training sessions are likewise included in this role.
5.MANAGER/LEADER
takes a proactive stance in ensuring that the right to health of the population he/she works with is realized and protected
7.CLIENT ADVOCATE
also initiates organizing activities to form coalitions and linkages to foster awareness of people to various health related issues.
7.CLIENT ADVOCATE
engages stakeholders in clamoring and lobbying for policies that impact health of communities
7.CLIENT ADVOCATE
hey keep track of illnesses encountered in their areas of jurisdiction and submits reports to health authorities as required by the law.
6.RESEARCHER/EPIDEMIOLOGIST
event of an outbreak, public health nurses work with other professionals and agencies in conducting investigation to identify etiology of the epidemic and ultimately identify potential solutions to halt the progress of the problem.
6.RESEARCHER/EPIDEMIOLOGIST
part from collecting actual data for research, the nurse utilizes research findings to provide evidence to convince decision makers to enact policies for health
6.RESEARCHER/EPIDEMIOLOGIST
7 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE
- HEALTHCARE PROVIDER
- HEALTHCARE EDUCATOR
- PROGRAM IMPLEMENTER
- COMMUNITY ORGANIZER
- MANAGER/LEADER
- RESEARCHER/EPIDEMIOLOGIST
- CLIENT ADVOCATE