PRELIMS PPT 1 Flashcards
Is the study of sound reasoning sound, commonly defined as also the science and art of correct reasoning
Logic
The meaning of the greek word “Logos”
Study, reason, or discourse
he standard collection of Aristotle’s six works on logical analysis and dialectic. the name was givenby Aristotle’s followers, the Peripatetics, who maintained against the Stoics that Logic was “an instrument” of Philosophy
Organon
Greek word meaning thought
Logike
Mental operations that are directed toward the attainment of truth, By which we laborated upon knowledge previously possessed.
Thinking
different actions involving thinking
Analyze
Compare
Classify
Define
Divide
Inference
It is considered a _____ because it is a systematized body of logical truths and principles governing correct thinking
Science
logic is a “techne” and it teaches how to make a good argument which makes it an _____
Art
It is “_______” when it conforms to a pattern or to rules.
ex:
A ruler is 12-inch long
Pres. GMA is a ruler
Therefore, Pres. GMA is 12-inch long
Correct
is a mental process – involves
analysis, definition, classification, comparison
and contrasts, etc.
THINKING
BRANCHES OF LOGIC
FORMAL LOGIC
MATERIAL LOGIC
concerned with the aspect of form which has
something to do with the correctness or
sequence or the following of rules
FORMAL LOGIC
concerned with the aspect of subject matter or content or truth of the argument
MATERIAL LOGIC
“All men are mortal
but Pedro is a man
therefore Pedro is mortal”
Which branch of logic is displayed above?
FORMAL LOGIC
“A ruler is 12-inch long
Pres. GMA is a ruler
Therefore, Pres. GMA is 12-inch long”
Which branch of logic is displayed above?
MATERIAL LOGIC
KINDS of logic
Deductive Logic
Inductive Logic
kind of logic which derives from more to less
Deductive logic
kind of logic which implies a sense of probability
Inductive Logic
three essential operations of the intellect
SIMPLE APPREHENSION
JUDGMENT
REASONING
product of simple apprehension
CONCEPT/IDEA
product of judgement
Mental proposition
product of reasoning
MENTAL AGREEMENT OR DISAGREEMENT
External sign of concept/idea, and simple apprehension
ORAL AND WRITTEN TERMS
external sign of judgement, and mental proposition
ORAL AND WRITTEN PROPOSITIONS
external sign of reasoning, and mental agreement or disagreement
ORAL AND WRITTEN ARGUMENTS
