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1
Q

A system of classifying ancient ages into groups based on tool developmental stages

A

THREE AGE SYSTEM

  1. STONE AGE
    a.Palaeolithic Period ( Old stone)
    * LOWER PALEOLITHIC PERIOD
    * MIDDLE PALEOLITHIC PERIOD
    * UPPER PALAEOLITHIC PERIOD
    b. Mesolithic Period (Middle stone)
    c. Neolithic period (New stone)
  2. BRONZE AGE
  3. IRON AGE

1837, by Christian Jürgensen Thomsen

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2
Q

A period of great scientific intellectual achievements that contributed to essential changes in scientific investigations

A

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

  1. Universe Model ( Nicholas Copernicus)- sun as center of the universe and that the earth and other planets revolve around its circle.
  2. Law of Planetary Motion ( Johannes Kepler)- all planets revolve around the sun in elliptical, not circular, orbits: and that closer planets to the sun move faster than the others
  3. Work of Motion ( Galileo Galilei )- distance, velocity, acceleration and law of inertia
  4. Law of Motion( Isaac Newton)-
  5. Law of Universal Gravitation (Isaac Newton)- law states that a perticle in the universe atrracts every other universal particle using a force
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2
Q

Also known as digital age; the period characterized by the change from traditional industry to an economy that is founded on computerized of information

A

INFORMATION AGE

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2
Q

A period of complex technological inventions that eventually replaced human and animal forces

A

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

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3
Q

Book of John lubbock that representing the cultural evolution of tools from chipped to polished stones, respectively.

A

PREHISTORIC TIMES

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3
Q

Period of weapons made of stone, wood, bone, or some other materials aside from metals.

A

STONE AGE

Subdived by JOHN LUBBOCK- Prehistoric times

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4
Q

Longest phase of human history,humans were hunter-gatherers

A

Palaeolithic period

  • Lower palaeolithic
  • Middle palaeolithic
  • Upper Palaeolithic
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5
Q

Earliest palaeolithic period and development of simple tools
(Stone choppers)- made of our earliest ancestors AUSTRALOPITHECUS

A

LOWER PALAEOLITHIC PERIOD

AUSTRALOPITHECUS-unearthed from Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Homo erectus- Africa, Asian, Europian site

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5
Q

Period encompassed the cultural development involving another early human ancestor the Neanderthal

A

MIDDLE PALAEOLITHIC PERIOD
* NEANTHERDAL- Caveman known to use fire, stone tools of flake types for hunting and bone implements such as needles for sewing

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5
Q

known for communal hunting, extensive fishing, supernatural beliefs, cloth sewing, sculpture, painting and making personal ornaments out of bones, horns and ivory

A

UPPER PALAEOLITHIC PERIOD
* PIT HOUSES- First manmade dwellings were also built during this time

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6
Q

End of palaeolithic period and beginning of Neolithic period. It involve gradual change in the way humans lived that could be attributed to the retreat of glaciers, growth of forests and deserts

A

MESOLITHIC PERIOD(MIDDLE STONE)
* MICROLITHS- Stone tools which were comparatively smaller and more delicate than those Palaeoliths
* GLACIER- is a large, slow-moving mass of ice, snow, and rock that forms on land

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6
Q
  • Stage of cultural and technological deveopment was based primarily on agriculture.
  • Wide domestication of plants (RICE, CORNS, BEANS).
  • Rise to variety of Urban civilization
A

NEOLITHIC PERIOD

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7
Q

Started when tools and weapons were already made with copper and bronze.

A

BRONZE AGE
* SMELTING- process known as metal extraction from ore
and melting and pouring into a mold for shaping Smelting was originaly done with copper, a soft metal. Discovered by SUMERIANS OF MESOPOTAMIA

  • COPPER+TIN= BRONZE
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8
Q

Age that included those articles made of iron

A

IRON AGE

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8
Q

Period in history began in 450 A.D to 1450 A.D

A

MIDDLE AGES
* DARK AND HIGH MIDDLE- two smaller ages

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8
Q

EUROPE/ MIDDLE AGES

Fully developed in europe and had defined its economic history. Characterized by having following hierarchical ranks in society

A

FEUDAL SYSTEM

  • Peasant
  • Lord
  • Lay or clerical
  • Overlords
  • Kings and bishops
  • Pope or emperor
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9
Q

MAJOR CHINESE TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS DURING MIDDLE AGES

A
  1. PAPER- writing
  2. SEISMOGRAPH- vibration sensitive device for earthquake detection
  3. ANIMAL HARNESS
  4. WATER POWER- grinding and metallurgical
  5. MECHANICAL CLOCK
  6. HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING WORKS- water way controls, irrigation, tax grain transport
  7. WHEEL BORROW
  8. GUN POWDER, GUNS AND CANNON- explosive weapon
  9. PRINTING PRESS- Mass production of paper money and confucians works
  10. MAGNETIC COMPASS AND STERN POST RUDDER- made of loadstones, magnetic iron
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10
Q

Pre columbian America was thrived in by three groups of people: ___

A
  1. MAYAN- cental america
  2. AZTEC-indians of mexico
  3. INCAS-indians of peru
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11
Q

Industrial Revolution/ Communication

For long distance communication using wire and radio signals

A

TELEPHONE

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12
Q

For sending and receiving messages using electric transmission over wire

A

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH

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13
Q

Era were the connection between science and technology was very minimal

A

18th to 19th Century

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14
Q

For wireless communication using electromagnetic waves

A

RADIO

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15
Q

Distinguished negative and positive charges

A

Benjamin Franklin

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16
Q

Discovery of X rays

unang letter bago ang X

A

Wilhelm Roentgen

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17
**Unification theory** of electricity and magnetism
James Maxwell
17
Cell or Battery | volts
**Alessandro Volta**
18
First mercury **thermometer** | kapangalan ni DANDAN
**Daniel Gabiel Fahrenheit**
19
Atomic theory
**John Dalton**
20
Discovery of **electron**
Joseph John Thomson
21
use of ether in **surgical operations**
Crawford long
22
**Theory of evolution**: Origin of Species
**Charles Darwin**
23
Discovered **first known virus** | diba yung **tetanu**s virus
Martinus Beijerink
24
Discovery of **neutron**
**James Chadwick**
24
First walk on the **moon**
**Niel Armstrong** and **Buzz Aldrin**
24
Idea that **dinosaurs** extinction was caused by the striking or large comet on earth
Walter Alvarez
24
Discover of **earthquake intensity scale**
**Charles Franncis Ritcher**
24
**German blacksmith** and publicher who introduced "***movable type printing***" in Europe
**Johannes Gutenberg**
24
Time when **printing press is not yet around**, information could be written in tedious manner.
**Pre- Gutenberg World**
25
**Introduction of printing, the movable one** but access was expensive
**Gutenberg Revolution**
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# Gutenberg Revolution **Books printed using presses** in the beginning of gutenberg era were called: ______
**INCUNABULA**- "*cradle or birthplace"*
27
Emergence of **internet and world wide web.**
**Post Gutenberg World**
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Can **pass information** through to **people from all works of life**
**MEDIA**
28
advent of **modern technologies**, Cellphones, Computers, Computer Printers, Digital cameras
**Rise of Digital Age**
29
Designed simply for **computations/ mathematical calculations** and simple decision making capabilities
**COMPUTERS** * **Charles Babbage**- English mechanical engineer "*Father of Computers*"
30
Developed in California, United states. **Mostly used in scientist** to communicate with other scientist
**INTERNET** * **Vinton Cerf** and **Robert Kahn** * **Fiber optic**- allowed billions of bits of information to be received in a minute
30
Commercial purposes Home pages were made by companies, business owners or corporations in order to p**romote and sell their products**
**WORLD WIDE WEB** * **Sir Tim Berners Lee**- British computer scientist
31
Communication was made easier through:
**ELECTRONIC EMAL OR E-MAIL** * **V.A Shiva Ayyadurai**- Indian born american scientist and entrepreneur
32
**social networking website** where people could contact one another and meet on line to share each others thoughs, ideas, experience, photos and videos
**FACEBOOK** * **Mark Zuckerberg**- keen computer programmer * February 4, 2004
33
Another networking website where people post and interact with messages or "**tweets**" which restricted only for up to *140 characters*. " **SMS OF THE INTERNET"**
**TWITTER** * **Jack Dorsey** * March 2006
33
Originally developed as Facebook Chat in 2008 but changed its messaging service in 2010. **Instant messaging service** and software application
MESSENGER
33
**Largest online destination** and the **third** most visited website
**YOUTUBE** * **Chad Hurley** and **Steve chen**
34
**Search engine** in the www
**GOOGLE** * **Larry page** and **Sergey Brin**- Phd students in Stanford University * **Yahoo**- Japan one of the great competitors og google
34
**Fun photography** application that is gaining fame all over the globe
**INSTAGRAM** * **Kevin Systrom** and **Mike Krieger**
35
Century that science and technology has **structurally and methodologically changed.**
**20th Century**
36
A **geographically distributed**, self **sufficient autonomous** community
**BARANGAY**
36
The **occupation by a nation** of an area from which it was formerly absent
**COLONIZATION**
37
Strategy of grouping **far flung**, scattered barangays into fewer but larger and more compact twons
**REDUCCION SYSTEM**
38
Based on **archeological findings** Few reliable written information
**Pre colonial period**
39
**Modern men** who **came over from the mainland Asia** and had reached and **lived in Palawan and Batangas** by passing over land bridges
**Homo Sapiens**
40
early communities gradually learned to **manufacture tools** made of:
1. Copper 2. Bronze 3. Gold 4. Iron (as evidence by Iron Slags)
40
These **metal implements did not survive** with the cast iron from other countries
**Stone Age pottery**
40
**refined plank built warship** best suited for inter island trade raids
**CARACOA**
41
Period of **birth of modern science and technology** in the philippines. *Religous orders* had great influence
**SPANISH REGIME**
41
Chinese Dynasties
1. **SUNG** 2. **YUAN** 3. **MING**
42
Hereditary successors served as **head of cabezas de barangay**
**DATUS**
43
**lowest level of local government**
***cabezas de barangay***
44
**Different religious orders** established schools **offering higher education**, majority in Manila but mostly accesible to the elite of society
1. **JESUITS** 2. **DOMINICANS**
44
* Jose Rizal * Graciano Apacible * Antonio Luna * Jose Alejandrino
* Jose Rizal- **Medicine** and specialization of **Opthalmology** in Spain and Germany * Graciano Apacible- **Medicine** in Madrid * Antonio Luna- **Pharmacy** in Madrid * Jose Alejandrino- **Engineering** in Belgium
44
Notable writings by **Father Fernando de Sta. Maria**
***Manual de Medicinas Caseras***
45
Period marked the **rapid advancement of science and technology** in the philippines
**AMERICAN REGIME**
46
OFFICES THAT WERE RECOGNIZED IN THE COUNTRY AND **CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH**
1. Bureau of **Health** 2. Bureau of **Mines** 3. Bureau of **Forestry** 4. Bureau of **Agriculture** 5. **Weather** Bureau 6. Bureau of **Coast and Geodetic Survey** 7. Bureau of** Plant and Industry** 8. Bureau of **Animal Industry**
47
a **payment made** to a ruler or country as a sign of submission or in exchange for protection, **Imposed and collected**
**Tribute tax**
48
**NSTA**
**N**ational **S**cience and **T**echnology **A**uthority
48
**PCARRD**
**Philippine Council** for **Agriculture** and **Research Resource** and **Development**
48
**PCIERD**
**Philippine Council** for **Industry** and **Energy Research Development**
49
**PCHRD**
**Philippine Council** for **Health Research** and **Development**
49
**NRCP**
**National Reseach Council** of the **Philippines**
50
**6 new institutes were opened**
1. National Institute of **Physics** 2. National Institutes of **Geological Sciences** 3. National Institute of **Natural Sciences Research** 4. National Institute of **Chemistry** 5. National Institute **Biology** 6. National Institute of **Mathematical Sciences**
51
Was introduced in the country by the civil service commission to **encourage young individuals to pursue science careers** and more qualified scientist to work in th government
**Scientific Career System**
51
Marked the beginning of the country's transformation to a **politically independent nation**
**Commonwealth Period** | **Article IIIX, Section 4**
52
Led to the **destruction** of various institutions built for the country's science and technological developmet
**Japanese occupation**
53
After the country regained its independence in 1946, the support for **scientific reseach and development through education was continued**
**Period Since Independence**
54
A type of **mirror** that gives an inverted image of an object
**Concave**
55
**NSDB**
**National Science Development Board**
56
A chinese method of effectively **curing most body illness** that began during the Middle Ages
**Acupuncture**
57
A naturally occuring **magnetic iron** used to make magnetic compass
Loadstones
58
A kind of beans used by Mayans as **monetary units** during the Middle Ages
**Cocoa Beans**
59
Process that results in **adaptation of an organism** to its environment by means of selectively reproducing changes in generic constitution/ **Aid survival**
**NATURAL SELECTION**
59
**Father of Philippine Pharmacy**
**Leon Ma. Guerrero**
60
A **wide reaching change** in the way something works, organized or **change in people's ideas about it**
**REVOLUTION**
61
**Intelligent behavior by machines** rather than the natural intelligence of humans and other animals
**Artificial Intelligence**
62
Combination of **characteristics or qualities** that form an individuals distinctive character
**PERSONALITY**
63
Range of **actions and mannerism** made by individuals
**BEHAVIOR**
64
**Complex human society** in which people live in groups of settled dwellings
**Civilization**
65
the term used to Greek speculation about "**nature**" in the period before Socrates 600-400 BCE. Also known as **"Pre Socratic"** or " Non theological" or **"First Philosophy"**
**INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION** 1. The world is a **natural whole** 2. there is a **natural order** 3. **humans can discover those laws**
66
**COPERNICAN**
* Four elements- **Earth, water, fire, air** * **heliocentric model**
66
**DARWINIAN**
* **Darwin's theory of evolution**- all living organism are related and have decended from common ancestor *
67
The better adapted a species is the more **fitted** it is to **reproduced**; **reproduction rates** refers to:
**SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST**
68
FREUDIAN
* **Sigmund Freud**- Father of Psychoanalysis most influential thinkers
69
* Made up of **unconscious psyche** * **Present at birth**
ID
70
* Composed of **internalized ideas** aquired from parents and society * **supress the urge of id and tries to make ego behave morally**
SUPER EGO
71
* **Meditates the demand of id and the super ego and the reality** * **Balance** with their moral ang idealistic standards created by superego
EGO
71
Accompanied the **history of mankind** and began as early as **3000 BC** with Sumerian pictographs
**Information Revolution**
72
A **test that concerns the possibility of developing conscious and thinking machines** in Artificial Intelligence and considered as the **latest step** in the trend of dismantling the anthropogenic approach to the universe
**TURING TEST** * **Alan Turing**- British mathematician
72
Region and cultural area in the **Americas**
**Mesoamerica** * **Mesoamerican Civilization**- contributed greatly in terms of agriculture * **Three Sisters**- beans, corn, squash * **Rubber balls**- used in performance games * **Chinampas**-Plots of mud and soil placed on top of layers of thick water vegetation * **Haab**- had 18 months of 20 days cycle for the total of 30 days each cycle * **Tzolkin Calendar**- 20 months of 13 days each for 260 days each finished cycle
73
**Asian Civilization**
* **India and China**- Two worlds great Civilizations * Arose in **Indus Valley River** * Bronze and Copper * **Mohenjo Daro**- Bronze Age **shops city** in the Indus Valley Civilization that was advanced in science, technology, and social organization. * **Hinduism & Buddism**- two worlds known religions * **Caste system**- **Priest** called **Brahmans**; **untouchables**= lowest
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