MIDTERMS Flashcards
1
Q
Basically interwined with technology and industry which are the major development areas of one government.
One of the subjects taught in elementary and secondary schools under the K+12 program of the DepEd
A
SCIENCE
2
Q
For grade level, the different topics of the subjects are divided and taught per quarter called:
A
Sequence of domain or Strands per quarter
2
Q
Was created as separate entity from the former under R.A 7722 in 1994, to oversee the system of higher education in the country and to formulate policies, plans and programs for development of public and private higher education
A
Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
2
Q
Oversees the implementation of the school curricular and school programs in both elementary and high school levels
A
Department of Education (DepEd)
2
Q
It presents the importance of science and technology to everyday living
A
Curriculum
3
Q
Was prepared by DOST while that of the S and T oriented schools was initiated by the Department of Education
A
Curriculum for the Philippine Science High School
3
Q
It provides learners with a repertoire of competencies important in the world of work and a knowledge based society
A
K+12 Science Curriculum
4
Q
It is designed to have more advance science and mathematics subjects
A
Science curriculum
5
Q
Is specialized public high school system in the Philippines which operates as an attached agency of DOST
A
Philippine Science High School System
6
Q
Problem in Science Education
A
- Teaching science is very challenging
- Lack of science education facilities
- Limited scholarship
6
Q
Toy consisting of an axle connected to two disk and string looped around axle. Used by people to fight against intruders and Spaniards
A
YOYO
PEDRO FLORES
6
Q
This tool purposely invented to regulate the body temperature of newborn babies
A
MEDICAL INCUBATOR
DR. FE DEL MUNDO-First strudent in Harvard University School of Medi
6
Q
A product of indigenous knowledge perfected by man through life experiences
A
Indigenous Science
7
Q
Product or process resulting from continuous pursuit of indigenous science
A
Indigenous Technology
8
Q
Produced by bacterium Streptomyces Erythreus found in the soil from his own province of iloilo.
A
ERYTHROMYCIN
DR. ABELARDO AGUILAR
8
Q
It accidentally discovered in 1940 when she noticed that some of the salted fish that she stored in a jar turned into fragments and these fragments turned into liquid
A
PATIS OR FISH SAUCE
The business officially registered in 1949 as Tentay Food and Sauces
Ruperta David
8
Q
Filipino love to use this condiment for every fried food served on table
A
Banana catsup
MARIA OROSA Y YLAGAN
other discoveries: Calamansi nip
soya lac- was used to save the lives of many prisoners held by japanese during ww2
9
Q
Due to the increasing incidence of cancer it made out of cashew nuts and other local herbs to treat basal skin carcinoma (BSC)
A
ANTI CANCER CREAM
Rolando dela Cruz
10
Q
a man, woman, or child of the species Homo Sapiens, distinguished from other animals by superior mantal development, power of articulate speech and upright stance
A
Human Being
10
Q
For a much faster computer works it is a first single chip graphucal user interface accelerator
A
16-BIT MICROCHIP
Diosdado Banatao
10
Q
an organization or aggregate of people living together with common interest or purpose or activity
A
SOCIETY
French word- “societe”
Latin word- “Societas”
means: “a friendly association with others”
10
Q
Cream formulated to remove warts and moles on the skin
A
Mole Remover
Rolando De la Cruz
10
Q
A mental or emotional state of well being which can be defined by among others, positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy
A
HAPPINESS
11
Q
A state of being happy, healthy, or prosperous
A
Well being
11
According to Aristotle ____ is defined as a **rational animal** because he can think and use reason consistently
man
11
Use to **model human decision making**
**Rational Choice Theory**
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**CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN THAT EVOLVED OVER TIME**
1. Walking upright- humans evolved from four legged species to walking upright individuals
2. Use of Different tool
3.. Domestication of animals
4. Changes in Human Bodies
5. Complexity of brains
6. Social life
12
# **Changes in Human Body**
**Earliest human species** were **small** and usually had **long arms** and **short legs.** Since most of the food that humans consumed during this time were **plant based**, this required large **digestive tract**. A **wide rib cage** made room for stomach, intenstines and other organs that break down food.
Short bodies and long guts
| **6 million** years ago
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Some humans have **adapted to hot climate**, they evolved **narrow bodies that help them stay cool.** Long legs enable them to travel longer distance. Eating meat and other foods that could be digested quickly led a **smaller digestive tract**, making more energy available for tall bodies and large braines
Tall bodies and Short guts
| **9 million** years ago
13
As humans moved to **colder climates**, their bodies needed to adapt to help them stay warm. They had short, wide bodies to conserve heat; they depended on both **raw meat and cooked food**.
Compact bodies and short guts
| **400,000** years ago
14
**Less physically demanding lifestyles and diet** that included meat and cooked foods, humans evolved bones that were sleeker and weaker
Bones were sleeker and weaker
| **50,000** years ago
32
It can process and **store a lot of information**. It **size is tripled** and become **largest and most complex of any living pimate.**
**Complexity of the Brains**
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The early records of humanity showed that humans evolved from four **legged species to individuals.**
**Walking upright**
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The early humans who were hunters and gatherers started ____. They settled in one place, **learned to tame animals** and domesticate them. They also raised animals for **cloting, medicine, and shelters.**
**Domestication of animals**
| First animals that they domesticate: **GOATS, SHEEP, CHICKEN**
34
As humans need to survive, their various activities such foranging, hunting and fishing to provide a wide range of food supply led to **advances in tools and tool- making**
Use of different tools
| **stones, wood, bone, ivory** and **metals**
34
# Domestication of animals
Larger animals like **oxen or horses** were also domesticated for **plowing and transportation**. These animals were also known as:
**Beast of burden**- an animal (as an ox or horse) used for carrying or pulling heavy loads.
34
Early humans also depend on ____ , like **sharing foods, caring for infants, and building social networks** to help them survive the different challenges in a challenging environment.
**Social Life**
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Socially reorganized group **(usually joined by blood, marriage, cohabitation, or adoption**) that forms an **emotion connection** and serves as an economic unit of society.
Family
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Group of people who share **common** economic, social and industrial infastructures
**Society**
french word "societe"
latin word "societas" means '**a friendly association with others**'
37
Society is the **foundation of the government.** It helps in the **management** of the natural and human resources that belong to society and **regulates** the distribution of public facilities to the individuals. A society that gives us a **central regulating authority**
**Regulation of policies and standards**
37
People in a society **come together and organize** in a group to ____ because of their common needs, goals, concerns and ideologies. It is in a difficult times that one realizes tha importance of being part of society. **It is given by physical, emotional, financial, or medical form**. A system is implemented for the protection of the people and a **leader is selected**, social hierarchies and social codes are established
**Support for each other**
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* Society is **characterized by social networks**
* A society **builds relationship** among its members, since they support each other and share common interest or territory
* Their interactions give rise to **strong social bonds** that result in **long lasting relationship**
* it becomes a **foundation of the government** and building blocks of all nations
**Formation of social groups**
38
* ***Culture*** defines the **pattern of human activity in a society.** It is represented by the art, literature, language, and religion of the individuals who form it
* People in the community **share norms and conduct, beliefs and ethical standards** that lead to the ____
* It is the society that is the **standard of good and evil**
**Formation of culture**
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Members of the society usually come together because of their common interest and goals. They serve as a **strong support system** in life.
The society forms **collective movement** to work together for what would benefit all of them
**Achieving a common goal**
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They often assume that **human beings have natural social tendencies** and that human social behaviors have **non- genetic** causes and dynamics
**Anthropologist** and **Sociologist**
41
During ancient times, **people communicated with each other using language, symbols or sounds**. They use pigments, paintings, and carvings. Some pieces of information were stored in stone paintings, on the walls of caves and in another canvass
**Use of language and symbols**
41
They used **colors, printing press, sounds, computers, and language** to communicate.
Modern Humans
41
It is defined as an **effort to achieve self- actualization and fulfillment** within the context of a larger community of individuals, each with the right to pursue his or her own efforts
Human flourishing
41
# Use of language and symbols
They used** jewelry** and other personal **adornments** to **reflect their identity**. These adornments may have represented membership in a group or someone's age, sex, and social status.
**Our ancestors**
41
***He teaches that each man's life has a purpose and that the function of one's life is to attain that purpose. He explains that the purpose of life is earthly happiness or flourishing that can be achieve via reason and a aquisition of virtue***
ARISTOTLE
41
According to Aristotle, there is an **end to all actions that we perform which we desire for itself.** This is what we know:
**Eudaimonia, flourishing, or happiness**
**Flourishing**- the **highest good** of human endeavors and descriptor of **positive mental health**
42
Fuel psychological esilience, and trigger emotional and physical well being. This include **pleasure, rature, ecstasy, warmth, comfort** and other emotions that contribute to the "**pleasant life**"
**POSITIVE EMOTION**
43
Is an **affective state of consciousness** in which joy, sorrow, fear, hate, or the like, is experienced as distinguished from cognitive and volitional states of consciousness.
Emotion
43
The feeling of satisfaction, flourishing or well being can be experienced when we are in a relationship or with "**other people**"
Relationship
43
This is all about **flow**: being one with the music, time stopping, and the loss of self- consciousness during an absorbing activity, experienced which contribute to "**engaged life**". Being fully engaged means doing everything with enthusiasm.
**Engagement**
43
# Relationship
Are **best antidote** to the downs of life and the single **most reliable** up.
Other people
43
# Relationship
It could also be related to the positive relationships with other people, as the other people are also part of the environment where **humans adapt.**
Human evolution
44
He formulated the **Well being theory** where humans flourishing is not only focused on the happiness of individuals alone but also in psychological well being.
**Martin E. P. Seligman**
44
Human beings want a "**meaningful life**", like belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than you are.
Meaning
45
# Meaning
He believes in **cosmic insignificance**- that man does not affect the universe, but only mans immediate environment
Philosopher **Thomas Nagel**
46
Defined as something that is **successful,** or that is **achieved after a lot of work and efforts**.
Accomplishment
47
Is **dedicated** to accomplishment for the sake of accomplishment
"achieving life"
47
It is often pursued for its **own sake**, even when it brings **no positive emotion, no meaning and nothing** in the way of positive relationship
Accomplishment (achievement)
47
based on **man's value or worth**
**Meaningful life**
48
promote **interdisciplinary perspective** drawing upon many "**hard core**" science discipline.
**Science Technology and Society**
48
Classification of **technology according to process**
1. Energy technology
2. Equipment technology
3. Information technology
4. Life technology
5. Materials technology
| **EEILM**
48
The **application** of scientific knowledge to solve a problem
**Technology**
**Evolution of human society:**
1. Hunters and gatherers
2. Shifters and farmers
3. Manufacturing and processing
4. Future man-made world
49
The **primitive** of all the societies whose members **depeded solely on the resources available in nature.** They used tools which they made themselves such as: stone, wood, bone, and ivory.
**Hunters and gatherers**
50
Evolution of human society that learned how to **tame animals and grow crops**. This marked as the beginning of an **agricultural society**
**Shifters and Farmers**
50
The one that **replaced the hunters and gatherers- society** after the agrarian revolution. Used **small scale** technologies which came into existence through **trial and error**
First wave society
50
The stage when people have **discovered coal, gas, and oil** which they **used in cooking**
**Manufacturing stage**
51
**American writer and futurologist** who focused his writings on technology expansion and its impact on the society which he called **information overload**
| Book: ***Third wave***
ALVIN TOFFLER
51
Wa described as the **post- industrialized society after the World war II** were people used **modern technologies** based on the advent of science including computers and robotics. This society was seemingly associated with **scientific- technological evolution**
Third wave society
51
**Last stage of human society** where technologies are eventually used for **producing synthetic food and for recycling resources** to satisfy the increasing human needs resulting from the constantly increasing human population
Future man-made world
52
Period of **industrial revolution** until the end of world war II. These basically had their foundations on **Newton's physics, biology and chemistry.**
Second wave society
53
This technology involves process that could **create or generate, convert and distribute energy** with the main purpose of yielding high efficiency **without** causing negative effects to human and environment
**Energy Technology**
## Footnote
ex: oil, coal, wind water, geothermal, hydroelectric, nuclear fusion, solar energy
54
This technology involves the **design, fabrication and invention** of instruments, tools, gadgets, and machines
**Equipment technology**
## Footnote
ex: motor, engines, plow, mills, spinning wheels, robots, fermentors, laser and computer- controlled machines
55
This technology primarily concerned with **tools and gadgets** including computer systems and their applications to **manage, process, and distribute information**
**Information technology**
## Footnote
ex: typewriter, books, newspaper, television, telephone, cellphone, radio, printer and laser
55
The main purpose of this type of technology is to **make technological advancement**. These technologies benefit human race in terms of **health and food security**
**Life technology**
## Footnote
ex: animal breeding, herbal medicine, surgery, vaccine, antibiotics, artificial and organ transplant, genetic engineering,
55
This technology is concerned with **extraction, fabrication and synthesis of materials** specifically for the benefit of mankind
**Materials technology**
## Footnote
ex: steel, plastics, brass, iron, copper, ceramics, aluminums, polymers, and synthetics
55
Happens when technologies which may have used for a long period of time are **replaced** by the new and better version especially with respect to performance
Substitution
56
Happens when technologies are being **adopted by individuals even after innovations come**
Diffusion
56
Are **instruments** of a country's **rapid development** and **economic stability**
**Science and Technology**
57
**trait or quality** is deemed to be morally good and thus, is valued as a foundation of principle
Virtues
58
**P**ositive, enjoyable, or worth seeking mental state.
Also a significant component of happiness
Pleasure
59
**Concept of human morality** such as good and evil, right or wrong, justice and crime
Ethics
59
Refers to what is **shared** and **beneficial for all or most members** of a given community
**Common good**
59
**State of well being** that encompasses living a good life with a sense of meaning and **deep satisfaction**
Happiness
59
an object or product that is **useful**
Good
60
**Excellent personal traits or character strenghts** which are deemed to be morally good for thinking and learning and are often associated with knowledge and cognitive ability
**Intellectual Virtues**
## Footnote
Careful
Honest
Humility
Attentive
61
**Intellectual virtues have the ff key features**
1. They are **aquired**
2. They are **excellent character traits**
3. They **involved human emotion, intention, motivation, and values**
4. They are **aimed at cognitive goods**
5. They are **means between two extremes**
| A, E, I, A, M
62
**No one is born with intellectual virtues**, Intellectual courage, perseverance, or open mindedness are obtained through **practice guided by instructions**
They are aquired
63
an item or service that may be **consumed without reducing the amount available for others**, and cannot be withheld for those who do not pay for it
**Public Good**
## Footnote
Two concept of public good:
1. **Politico- ethical sence**
2. **Politico- economic sense**
63
A person may have excellent mathematical ability, but this is not considered virtue. Intellectual virtue is possesed by a person with **excellent disposition** in life whether this could be about **decision making or accepting criticism**
They are excellent character traits
63
A person with intellectual virtue does not rejoice with falsehood but **loves the truth**.
This involves human emotion, intention, motivation and values
63
A **public good** benefits the communal or national public as it is used by a **greater number of local population.**
**Philosophy of Utilitarianism**- an ethical theory which implies that a **morally good action is the one that helps the greatest number of people**
**National people and the Public Good**
64
This means that intellectual virtues serve as a means between the **excess and deficiency**
They are means between two extremes
64
Most of the time, **national good is considered synonymous to communal good.**
**Communal people and the Public Good**
64
The goals of intellectual virtue is **knowledge,** truth and understanding which are the common goods and which unify intellectual virtues and differentiate them from moral virtues
They are aimed at cognitive goods
64
65
Aristotle describes **happiness** as a product of **two aspects**:
1. **Pleasure**
2. **Life well- lived**
66
Public Good from the **Politico- Economic sense**
1. **Microeconomy**- Economic concept of the public good pertains to the benefit that may accrue an **individual or a firm**
2. **Macroeconomy**- Distinction between service and **profit orientations**. **Industrial and business firms** are profit oriented while governement agencies are service oriented
67
**TYPES OF PUBLIC GOODS**
1. **"Private" Public Goods**- set up by the **private sector** either solely or in participation with the government since private sector sees their realization as **profitable**
2. **"Public" Public Goods**- **non rival and non excludable** in that the participation of one does not, in principle,diminish, or exculde others from participating in it.
3. **"Mixed" Public Goods**- Undertaken by **some private organizations or civil societies** for the common good of the communal or national public. Basically **service oriented**
67
UNEP
**United Nations Environment Programme**
67
**Negative goods** which the general public scorns, and in many cases are **avoided or not tolerated** by both private and public sectors
Public "bads"
67
A **result of improved human well being and social equity** while significantly **reducing environmental risk** and ecological scarcities
Green Economy
67
Focuses on **living in accord with what is instrisically worthwhile to human beings**- purpose, meaning relatioships, good heath and contribution to the community
**Eudaimonia**
68
**Advantages** of Modern technology
1. **Improved communication, easy access to information and social networking**-
2. **Improved housing, lifestyle and entertainment**
3. **Convenience in Education**
4. **Convenience in Traveling**
5. **Changes in health industry**
6. **Efficiency and productivity**
7. **Initiates creativity and innovations**
| IICCCEI
69
**Multifuntion** hand held device used for sensor scanning, data analysis and recording data. It helps the doctors **detect diseases and collect vital information** about a patient's condition
**Star Trek Style Tricorder**
69
This system **creates a workflow** that allows the transfer of information between healthcare facilities for ease and accuracy of treatment of the patients
**Interoperability between Health Systems**
69
There are **robots designed to help nurses** in lifting or moving patients around without the danger of causing injuries to the health care worker
**Robotic Nurse Assistant**
70
Intended to **replace the retina** of individuals who lost their vision mainly as a result of **retinal degenerative diseases**
Artificial Retinas
71
**Neural contro**l is being used to move the prosthetics with a challenge of creating an interphase that is **compatible to our nervous system** to prevent latency of movement
**Advance Prosthetics**
72
This **portal device** that aids in the monitoring of all health parameters to **allow doctors to perform diagnosis even without visiting a clinic**
**Remote Patient Monitoring**
73
This drug has entered trials in the **hope of slowing down the ageing process** to reduce the burden of treating diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and dementia
**Anti- aging drugs**
74
This uses **visible light** in health care facilities to continously **disinfect and prevent infection**
**Disinfecting Lightbulbs**
74
This **uses low powered laser** to activate stem cells in stimulating the growth of teeth
**Tooth Regeneration**
75
This creates an **electric charge** for the patients to **activate the muscle and blood circulation** in the area every ten minutes
**Electronic Underwear Preventing Bed Sore**
75
**Fast charging** capabilities supports the needs of power hungry devices and equipment
**Long lasting Batteries**
75
The unprecedented breakthrough in technological advancement in the recent years has led to a **possible shift in economies** that use human labor as main workforce
**Job loss** and **Human Displacement**
76
New technologies provide different industries to **increase production** and **reduce labor cost** to meet the demand of growing society
**Efficiency and Productivity**
77
Technology allows entrepreneurs to **start up with their online businesses** thereby opening avenue for more creative and innovative approach
**Initiates creativity and innovation**
78
Technological advancement has **changed the structure of medical field** as it introduced more sophisticated equipment for diagnosis and treatments
**Change in health industry**
79
From spears, bow and arrows in war that damaged communities in history, technology has further **developed machineries and armaments that caused massive death among countries at war.**
**World destruction weapons**
79
Recent technological developments have caused **physical social isolation** which is the absence of interactive relationships between family members and friends at the individual level.
**Increased loneliness**
80
**Increased dependence on modern tools** and technologies that create innovations and changes in the society may reduce human creativity and intelligence
**Competency**
80
Under this, the **state shall strive to promote and secure the universal and affective recognition of these rights** through teaching and providing education
**Universal Declaration of Human Rights**
80
In 2015 and 2016 the _____ Released some of what is considers as emerging policies in relation to science and technology
Reilly Center for Science Technology Values at the University of Notre Dame
81
The advancement of technologies not only bought down the price of **aquiring new satellites** but also made them **smaller and more sophisticated**
Real-time Satellite Surveillance Imagery
82
The **National Aeronautics and Space Administration** (NASA) and a private company, **Mars One**, worked together for space mission to colonize the planet Mars
Colonizing Mars: An Astronaut Bioethics
131
Research about the gain of function of know diseases such as **influenza, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)** have been suspended in United states because of biosafety concerns.
**Enhance Pathogens**
132
Companies around the globe have developed several wearable technologies to suit human behavior and activities. **hit for millennials.**
Wearable Technology
133
**Soft war** is an unarmed force using cyber war and hacktivism with the aim of transforming cultural values and identities of the society to achieve political ends.
**State-sponsored Hacktivism and "soft war"**
134
Are **not designed to kill** but remain to be emerging ethical and policy dilemma.
Example: laser missiles, blinding weapons, pain rays, sonic weapons, electric weapons, heat rays, disabling malodorants, gases and sprays.
Non lethal Weapons
135
Some researchers in Harvard University have focused on the development of **"kilobots"** a group of robots capable of communicating with each other and perform simple task that do not require any human intervention.
**Robot swarms**
136
An emerging field of science known as **synthetic biology** is focused on the custom-building of **synthetic life forms by introducing synthetic DNA** to an existing organism
**Artificial Life Forms**
137
The need to **build resilience both in social and ecological** system of each nation is necessary most especially in facing societal problems bought about by poverty, economic globalization, and natural phenomena such as climate change and natural disasters
**Resilient social-ecological Systems**
138
Researchers in the University of Washington have started ______ experiment as early as 2014. This would **direct communication from one brain to another** without the use of speech but using **electroencephalography** (EEG) machine that detects brain activity
**Brain to Brain Interfaces**
139
**4 Technological Stages**
1. **Proto** Technology
2. **Classical** Technology
3. **Modern** Technology
4. **Post Modern** Technology
P,C,M,P
140
Being potential resource, forest is regarded as a 1." ______ "and human as a 2."______" whether they become 3. " _____"or 4."_____" in certain facilities.ll
**Technological Effects**
141
Being potential resource, forest is regarded as a 1." ______ "and human as a 2."______" whether they become 3. " _____"or 4."_____" in certain facilities.l
Proto-Technology.
142
This concentrates on the rise of **agricultural technologies** and the establishment of communities and cities that enabled the survival of civilization
**Classical Technology**
143
This is **fueled by science concepts and principles** which date back about 500 years ago
Modern Technology
144
A **german philosopher** stated that it is an independent force in human existence which builds a new and incompatible order on top of what was there.
**Heidegger**
145
This **replace naturally occuring products with technologically developed ones**
Example: Gasoline powered automobile including jet engines, synthetic fertilizer
**Postmodern technology**
146
Being potential resource, forest is regarded as a 1." ______ "and human as a 2."______" whether they become 3. " _____"or 4."_____" in certain facilities.
1. Timber resource
2. Human resources
3. Consumers
4. Supply
147
**Possible threats to extinction**
1. **Ozone layer depletion through chlorofluorocarbons**
2. **Usage of fossils fuel leading to global warming and climate change**
3. **Nuclear war and Nuclear contamination**
4. **Plastics**
5. **Petroleum based fertilizer**
6. **Habitat destruction**
O,U,N,P,P,H
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