PRELIMS

Question 1

Other name for Biological Psychology

Answer 1

Behavioral Neuroscience

Question 2

What is the function of the brain?

Answer 2

Support movement (e.g., speech and communcation)

Question 3

Research in Neuroscience

Answer 3

perceptual processes, control movements, sleep and walking, reproductive behaviors, injective behaviors, emotional behaviors, learning and language

Question 4

Surgical records of head injuries and the oldest surviving descriptions of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, meninges, and skull (Papyrus scroll)

Answer 4

1700 BCE

Question 5

“Heart is considered as the seat of thought and emotions” - ancient Egyptian, Indian, and Chinese culture
“NO IT IS THE BRAIN” -Hippocrates

Answer 5

460-370 BCE

Question 6

Aristotle thought that the brain cools the passions of the heart

Answer 6

460-370 BCE

Question 7

“Human body as a machine”

Answer 7

Rene Descartes 17th Cemtury

Question 8

Galen dissected and studied the brains of cattle, sheep, pigs, cats, dogs, weasels, monkeys, and apes

Answer 8

130-200 BCE

Question 9

Reflexes as automatic and involuntary actions

Answer 9

Rene Descartes 17th Century

Question 10

Frog experiment

Answer 10

Luigi Galvani 17th Century

Question 11

Refuted Descartes

Answer 11

Luigi Galvani 17th Century

Question 12

Doctrine of specific energies

Answer 12

Johannes Muller 19th Century

Question 13

An electrical impulse we perceive the messages of different nerve in different ways.
ex: optic nerve = image,
auditory nerve = sound

Answer 13

Johannes Muller 19th Century

Question 14

Experimental Ablation

Answer 14

Pierre Flourence 19th Century

Question 15

Broca’s Area

Answer 15

Paul Broca 19th Century

Question 16

Removed various parts of animals brain and observe their behavior of what they can and cannot do anymore.

Answer 16

Pierre Flourence 19th Century

Question 17

Applied experimental ablation

Answer 17

Paul Broca 19th Century

Question 18

Primary Motor Cortex (Controls behavior)

Answer 18

Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig 19th Century

Question 19

Mathematical formulation of the law of conservation of energy

Answer 19

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

Question 20

-Applied Luigi Galvani’s electricity experiment.
-Used dog’s brain

Answer 20

Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig 19th Century

Question 21

Opthalmoscope

Answer 21

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

Question 22

Stimulation of different portions in a specific brain region causes contraction to a specific muscle on the opposite side of the body.

Answer 22

Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig 19th Century

Question 23

Purkinje fibers
-in the cardiac cells
-responsible for contractions of the heart

Answer 23

Jan Purkinje 19th Century

Question 24

Theory of color vision and color blindless

Answer 24

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

Question 25

Studied audition, music, and many physiological processes

Answer 25

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

Question 26

Individuality of fingerprints

Answer 26

Jan Purkinje 19th Century

Question 27

Structure of the nervous system (Nobel Prize)

Answer 27

Ramon Santiago y Cajal 19th Century

Question 28

-New brain-based treatments
-Optogenetics
-Contributions to brain-based treatments for disorders

Answer 28

Contemporary Research

Question 29

Examined the neurons using the Golgi staining technique

Answer 29

Ramon Santiago y Cajal 19th Century

Question 30

Formulated the principles of Natural Selection and Evolution

Answer 30

Charles Darwin

Question 31

Proposed that the nervous system consists of billions of discrete, individual neurons

Answer 31

Ramon Santiago y Cajal 19th Century

Question 32

Three Kinds of evidences for Charles Darwin’s theory

Answer 32

-Documented the evolution of fossils record
-Striking structural similarities
-Galapagos island’s finches

Question 33

Most influential theory in biological science

Answer 33

Charles Darwin

Question 34

Why do we evolve?

Answer 34

-Survival
-Ability to find food
-Social Dominance
-Courtship Display

Question 35

Father of Psychology?

Answer 35

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 36

What is the goal of research?

Answer 36

To explain a phenomena

Question 37

2 Approaches

Answer 37

Dualism and Monism

Question 37

Dualism

Answer 37

-Belief in the dual nature of reality

-Mind and body separate

Question 37

explanations as examples of general laws, which are revealed through experiments

Answer 37

Generalization

Question 37

Explanations of complex phenomena in terms of simpler ones
keyword: Observation

Answer 37

Reduction

Question 38

Monism

Answer 38

-Belief that everyday in the universe consists of matter and energy