PRELIMS Flashcards

ewan

1
Q

Other name for Biological Psychology

A

Behavioral Neuroscience

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2
Q

What is the function of the brain?

A

Support movement (e.g., speech and communcation)

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3
Q

Research in Neuroscience

A

perceptual processes, control movements, sleep and walking, reproductive behaviors, injective behaviors, emotional behaviors, learning and language

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4
Q

Surgical records of head injuries and the oldest surviving descriptions of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, meninges, and skull (Papyrus scroll)

A

1700 BCE

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5
Q

“Heart is considered as the seat of thought and emotions” - ancient Egyptian, Indian, and Chinese culture
“NO IT IS THE BRAIN” -Hippocrates

A

460-370 BCE

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6
Q

Aristotle thought that the brain cools the passions of the heart

A

460-370 BCE

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7
Q

“Human body as a machine”

A

Rene Descartes 17th Cemtury

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8
Q

Galen dissected and studied the brains of cattle, sheep, pigs, cats, dogs, weasels, monkeys, and apes

A

130-200 BCE

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9
Q

Reflexes as automatic and involuntary actions

A

Rene Descartes 17th Century

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10
Q

Frog experiment

A

Luigi Galvani 17th Century

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11
Q

Refuted Descartes

A

Luigi Galvani 17th Century

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12
Q

Doctrine of specific energies

A

Johannes Muller 19th Century

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13
Q

An electrical impulse we perceive the messages of different nerve in different ways.
ex: optic nerve = image,
auditory nerve = sound

A

Johannes Muller 19th Century

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14
Q

Experimental Ablation

A

Pierre Flourence 19th Century

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15
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Paul Broca 19th Century

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16
Q

Removed various parts of animals brain and observe their behavior of what they can and cannot do anymore.

A

Pierre Flourence 19th Century

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17
Q

Applied experimental ablation

A

Paul Broca 19th Century

18
Q

Primary Motor Cortex (Controls behavior)

A

Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig 19th Century

19
Q

Mathematical formulation of the law of conservation of energy

A

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

20
Q

-Applied Luigi Galvani’s electricity experiment.
-Used dog’s brain

A

Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig 19th Century

21
Q

Opthalmoscope

A

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

22
Q

Stimulation of different portions in a specific brain region causes contraction to a specific muscle on the opposite side of the body.

A

Gustav Fritsch and Eduard Hitzig 19th Century

23
Q

Purkinje fibers
-in the cardiac cells
-responsible for contractions of the heart

A

Jan Purkinje 19th Century

24
Q

Theory of color vision and color blindless

A

Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century

25
Studied audition, music, and many physiological processes
Hermann Von Helmholtz 19th Century
26
Individuality of fingerprints
Jan Purkinje 19th Century
27
Structure of the nervous system (Nobel Prize)
Ramon Santiago y Cajal 19th Century
28
-New brain-based treatments -Optogenetics -Contributions to brain-based treatments for disorders
Contemporary Research
29
Examined the neurons using the Golgi staining technique
Ramon Santiago y Cajal 19th Century
30
Formulated the principles of Natural Selection and Evolution
Charles Darwin
31
Proposed that the nervous system consists of billions of discrete, individual neurons
Ramon Santiago y Cajal 19th Century
32
Three Kinds of evidences for Charles Darwin's theory
-Documented the evolution of fossils record -Striking structural similarities -Galapagos island's finches
33
Most influential theory in biological science
Charles Darwin
34
Why do we evolve?
-Survival -Ability to find food -Social Dominance -Courtship Display
35
Father of Psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
36
What is the goal of research?
To explain a phenomena
37
2 Approaches
Dualism and Monism
37
Dualism
-Belief in the dual nature of reality -Mind and body separate
37
explanations as examples of general laws, which are revealed through experiments
Generalization
37
Explanations of complex phenomena in terms of simpler ones keyword: Observation
Reduction
38
Monism
-Belief that everyday in the universe consists of matter and energy