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Gen ed 2(contemporary world) > Prelims > Flashcards

Prelims Flashcards

1
Q

studies the human story or narrative as
reflected in fictional and other literary
writings

A

Literature / Literary Arts

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2
Q

it deals with the art of speaking and
communicating

A

Language / Communication
Arts

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3
Q

It deals with the more tangible
manifestations of creativity in the form of
paintings, music, dance, etc.

A

Visual/Sound/Movement

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4
Q

It provides us with the tools and methods to analyze arguments, evaluate their validity, and identify fallacies.

A

logic

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5
Q

It seeks to address profound questions about the nature of being, the universe, consciousness, and the fundamental principles that underpin our reality.

A

metaphysics

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6
Q

It explores questions such as “What is knowledge?”, “How do we know what we know?”, and “What are the sources of knowledge?”.

A

Epistemology

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7
Q

Studies about what is good and bad
actions

A

Ethics

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8
Q

Deals with the nature of art and beauty.

A

Aesthetics

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9
Q

explores questions of social order, cooperation, justice, power, and the principles that guide our collective life. This field of inquiry examines the nature of society, the role of government, and the values that shape human interactions and governance.

A

Social / Political Philosophy

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10
Q

It studies the reality of the person in his
concrete experience of existence,
freedom, love, and etc.

A

philosophy of the person

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11
Q

Like philosophies of God, Language, and
more

A

And so on and so forth

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12
Q

studies matter, motion and behavior
through space-time

A

physics

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13
Q

Studies matter, its composition and
reactions

A

chemistry

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14
Q

Studies matter, its composition and
reactions

A

biology

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15
Q

Studies human interaction and
relationship. From Socius = interaction

A

sociology

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16
Q

aims to understand the origin, development, and diversity of human societies and cultures, both in the present and the past.

A

anthropology

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17
Q

Deals with the study of behaviour and
mental processes.

A

phycology

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18
Q

Is the study of how to manage the limited
resources to satisfy human needs and
wants.

A

economics

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19
Q

is a social science discipline that focuses on the study of governments , political systems, public policies, and political behavior

A

political science

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20
Q

Study of patterns and connections or
interrelationships of past events.

A

History

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21
Q

e humans relate with each other, they have to interact with each other

A

social process

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22
Q

refers to a population of people that is organized in a cooperative manner
to carry out the major functions of life, including reproduction, sustenance, shelter, and defense.

A

society

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23
Q

recurring patterns of behavior that
people create through their interactions, their exchange of information, and their relationships.

A

social structures

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24
Q

is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain
expectations, rights, and duties.

A

status

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25
Q

– is assigned to a person without regard for the person’s unique talents and
characteristics,

A

Ascribed status

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26
Q

– is a status that comes largely through your own efforts and talents.

A

Achieved status

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27
Q

consists of the norms associated
with a particular status – norms that specify the behavior required of an individual occupying that position

A

role

28
Q

statuses are accompanied by a cluster of related but somewhat distinct roles which is called
.

A

role set

29
Q

is any
collection of people who interact on the basis of shared expectations regarding one another’s behavior,

A

group

30
Q

(consisting of individuals who temporarily share the same physical space
but who do not see themselves as belonging together)

A

Aggregate

31
Q

(consisting of people who share
similar characteristics but do not interact nor take one another into account)

A

Category

32
Q

is one that we feel positively towards and identify with, and that produces a sense of
loyalty or “we” feeling

A

in-group

33
Q

, on the other hand, are those that we do not belong and that we view
in a neutral or possibly hostile manner.

A

out-group

34
Q

, they are composed of people
we look up to in order to evaluate our own behavi0r

A

reference groups

35
Q

(which provides guidance concerning how we act)

A

normative function

36
Q

(whereby we can assess ourselves in relation to others.

A

comparative
function

37
Q

someone who you look up to

A

role model

38
Q

is a set of widely
shared beliefs, norms, or procedures necessary for meeting the basic needs of society

A

social institution

39
Q

views society as a complex system made up of interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability and promote solidarity. This approach focuses on the social structures and institutions that shape society as a whole.

A

Structural Functionalism

40
Q

explores how social structures, such as social classes, gender roles, and racial hierarchies, perpetuate inequalities and create tensions.

A

Conflict theory

41
Q

is defined by most
anthropologists as the values, behavior, and material objects that together form a people’s way of life

A

culture

42
Q

involves the integration of economies, societies, and cultures through the exchange of goods, services, technology, and ideas.

A

globalization

43
Q

consists of the physical creations that members of a society make, use and share

A

Material
culture

44
Q

on the other hand, consists of the abstract or intangible human creations of society that influenced
people’s behavior.

A

Non-material
culture

45
Q

is something to which people attach meaning and
which they can use to communicate and understand each other

A

symbol

46
Q

– involves one’s body to communicate with others, sending messages without words.

A

Gestures

47
Q

– the primary way in which people communicate through words

A

Language

48
Q

– are shared standards of what is right and desirable.

A

Values

49
Q

– are more specific rules about appropriate behavior.

A

Norms

50
Q

are strong norms that are regarded as morally significant, and violations of them
are considered a serious matter.

A

Morals

51
Q

– are the ordinary usages and conventions of everyday life.

A

Folkways

52
Q

– are rules that has been formally enacted by a political authority and is backed by the power
of the state.

A

Laws

53
Q

– all norms whether they are codified (into laws) or not (like morals) are supported by
sanctions, which refer to the set of rewards for appropriate behavior or penalties for inappropriate
behavior

A

Sanctions

54
Q

the process by which members of a culture learn their cultural ways.

A

enculturation,

55
Q

– as a shared experience, people living in a certain cultural situation could
acquire their culture through their exchange and acquisition of their way of life

A

Shared and Acquired

56
Q

– all cultures are subject to multitudes of factors that evolve over time if
that culture is to survive.

A

Dynamic and Changing

57
Q

– culture acts like a software of a society. Any aspect of culture could affect to all other
aspects or elements like a domino effect.

A

Integrated

58
Q

people create culture as a means of adapting to the environment, and so
their cultural practices are necessarily affected by the particular pressure and opportunities of the
physical surroundings in which they live.

A

the Ecological View

59
Q

T – this view analyzes specific components of culture more closely
and look for the functions they perform, or effects they have, in maintaining order in a society.

A

he Functionalist Perspective

60
Q

– this perspective views culture as a “means” (like a tool or device)
created by the powerful and privileged people in society whereby values and norms are used to
sustain the powerful sector’s dominance over the less powerful and less privileged.

A

The Conflict Perspective

61
Q

– is the tendency to judge other cultures by the standards of one’s culture which
often leads to cultural imperialism,

A

Ethnocentrism

62
Q

, the coercive imposition of a dominant culture’s standards to
weaker cultures.

A

cultural imperialism

63
Q

– stresses that different socio-cultural contexts give rise to different sociocultural realities, thus, though difficult to adapt, emphasizes equality, understanding, and respect
among different cultures

A

Cultural Relativism

64
Q

– is the belief that one’s culture is inferior and therefore should be judge using the
standards of other assumed superior cultures.

A

Xenocentrism

65
Q

– it is “shock” experienced by an individual’s immersion to a new and different
culture.

A

Culture Shock

66
Q

– it is an experience of being left out or outmoded of the current trends of the society
where the individual belongs.

A

Culture Lag

67
Q
A

Gen ed 2(contemporary world) (3 decks)

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