Prelims

Question 1

studies the human story or narrative as
reflected in fictional and other literary
writings

Answer 1

Literature / Literary Arts

Question 2

it deals with the art of speaking and
communicating

Answer 2

Language / Communication
Arts

Question 3

It deals with the more tangible
manifestations of creativity in the form of
paintings, music, dance, etc.

Answer 3

Visual/Sound/Movement

Question 4

It provides us with the tools and methods to analyze arguments, evaluate their validity, and identify fallacies.

Answer 4

logic

Question 5

It seeks to address profound questions about the nature of being, the universe, consciousness, and the fundamental principles that underpin our reality.

Answer 5

metaphysics

Question 6

It explores questions such as “What is knowledge?”, “How do we know what we know?”, and “What are the sources of knowledge?”.

Answer 6

Epistemology

Question 7

Studies about what is good and bad
actions

Answer 7

Ethics

Question 8

Deals with the nature of art and beauty.

Answer 8

Aesthetics

Question 9

explores questions of social order, cooperation, justice, power, and the principles that guide our collective life. This field of inquiry examines the nature of society, the role of government, and the values that shape human interactions and governance.

Answer 9

Social / Political Philosophy

Question 10

It studies the reality of the person in his
concrete experience of existence,
freedom, love, and etc.

Answer 10

philosophy of the person

Question 11

Like philosophies of God, Language, and
more

Answer 11

And so on and so forth

Question 12

studies matter, motion and behavior
through space-time

Answer 12

physics

Question 13

Studies matter, its composition and
reactions

Answer 13

chemistry

Question 14

Studies matter, its composition and
reactions

Answer 14

biology

Question 15

Studies human interaction and
relationship. From Socius = interaction

Answer 15

sociology

Question 16

aims to understand the origin, development, and diversity of human societies and cultures, both in the present and the past.

Answer 16

anthropology

Question 17

Deals with the study of behaviour and
mental processes.

Answer 17

phycology

Question 18

Is the study of how to manage the limited
resources to satisfy human needs and
wants.

Answer 18

economics

Question 19

is a social science discipline that focuses on the study of governments , political systems, public policies, and political behavior

Answer 19

political science

Question 20

Study of patterns and connections or
interrelationships of past events.

Answer 20

History

Question 21

e humans relate with each other, they have to interact with each other

Answer 21

social process

Question 22

refers to a population of people that is organized in a cooperative manner
to carry out the major functions of life, including reproduction, sustenance, shelter, and defense.

Answer 22

society

Question 23

recurring patterns of behavior that
people create through their interactions, their exchange of information, and their relationships.

Answer 23

social structures

Question 24

is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain
expectations, rights, and duties.

Answer 24

status

Question 25

– is assigned to a person without regard for the person’s unique talents and characteristics,

Answer 25

Ascribed status

Question 26

– is a status that comes largely through your own efforts and talents.

Answer 26

Achieved status

Question 27

consists of the norms associated with a particular status – norms that specify the behavior required of an individual occupying that position

Answer 27

role

Question 28

statuses are accompanied by a cluster of related but somewhat distinct roles which is called .

Answer 28

role set

Question 29

is any collection of people who interact on the basis of shared expectations regarding one another’s behavior,

Answer 29

group

Question 30

(consisting of individuals who temporarily share the same physical space but who do not see themselves as belonging together)

Answer 30

Aggregate

Question 31

(consisting of people who share similar characteristics but do not interact nor take one another into account)

Answer 31

Category

Question 32

is one that we feel positively towards and identify with, and that produces a sense of loyalty or “we” feeling

Answer 32

in-group

Question 33

, on the other hand, are those that we do not belong and that we view in a neutral or possibly hostile manner.

Answer 33

out-group

Question 34

, they are composed of people we look up to in order to evaluate our own behavi0r

Answer 34

reference groups

Question 35

(which provides guidance concerning how we act)

Answer 35

normative function

Question 36

(whereby we can assess ourselves in relation to others.

Answer 36

comparative function

Question 37

someone who you look up to

Answer 37

role model

Question 38

is a set of widely shared beliefs, norms, or procedures necessary for meeting the basic needs of society

Answer 38

social institution

Question 39

views society as a complex system made up of interconnected parts that work together to maintain stability and promote solidarity. This approach focuses on the social structures and institutions that shape society as a whole.

Answer 39

Structural Functionalism

Question 40

explores how social structures, such as social classes, gender roles, and racial hierarchies, perpetuate inequalities and create tensions.

Answer 40

Conflict theory

Question 41

is defined by most anthropologists as the values, behavior, and material objects that together form a people’s way of life

Answer 41

culture

Question 42

involves the integration of economies, societies, and cultures through the exchange of goods, services, technology, and ideas.

Answer 42

globalization

Question 43

consists of the physical creations that members of a society make, use and share

Answer 43

Material culture

Question 44

on the other hand, consists of the abstract or intangible human creations of society that influenced people’s behavior.

Answer 44

Non-material culture

Question 45

is something to which people attach meaning and which they can use to communicate and understand each other

Answer 45

symbol

Question 46

– involves one’s body to communicate with others, sending messages without words.

Answer 46

Gestures

Question 47

– the primary way in which people communicate through words

Answer 47

Language

Question 48

– are shared standards of what is right and desirable.

Answer 48

Values

Question 49

– are more specific rules about appropriate behavior.

Answer 49

Norms

Question 50

are strong norms that are regarded as morally significant, and violations of them are considered a serious matter.

Answer 50

Morals

Question 51

– are the ordinary usages and conventions of everyday life.

Answer 51

Folkways

Question 52

– are rules that has been formally enacted by a political authority and is backed by the power of the state.

Answer 52

Laws

Question 53

– all norms whether they are codified (into laws) or not (like morals) are supported by sanctions, which refer to the set of rewards for appropriate behavior or penalties for inappropriate behavior

Answer 53

Sanctions

Question 54

the process by which members of a culture learn their cultural ways.

Answer 54

enculturation,

Question 55

– as a shared experience, people living in a certain cultural situation could acquire their culture through their exchange and acquisition of their way of life

Answer 55

Shared and Acquired

Question 56

– all cultures are subject to multitudes of factors that evolve over time if that culture is to survive.

Answer 56

Dynamic and Changing

Question 57

– culture acts like a software of a society. Any aspect of culture could affect to all other aspects or elements like a domino effect.

Answer 57

Integrated

Question 58

people create culture as a means of adapting to the environment, and so their cultural practices are necessarily affected by the particular pressure and opportunities of the physical surroundings in which they live.

Answer 58

the Ecological View

Question 59

T – this view analyzes specific components of culture more closely and look for the functions they perform, or effects they have, in maintaining order in a society.

Answer 59

he Functionalist Perspective

Question 60

– this perspective views culture as a “means” (like a tool or device) created by the powerful and privileged people in society whereby values and norms are used to sustain the powerful sector’s dominance over the less powerful and less privileged.

Answer 60

The Conflict Perspective

Question 61

– is the tendency to judge other cultures by the standards of one’s culture which often leads to cultural imperialism,

Answer 61

Ethnocentrism

Question 62

, the coercive imposition of a dominant culture’s standards to weaker cultures.

Answer 62

cultural imperialism

Question 63

– stresses that different socio-cultural contexts give rise to different sociocultural realities, thus, though difficult to adapt, emphasizes equality, understanding, and respect among different cultures

Answer 63

Cultural Relativism

Question 64

– is the belief that one’s culture is inferior and therefore should be judge using the standards of other assumed superior cultures.

Answer 64

Xenocentrism

Question 65

– it is “shock” experienced by an individual’s immersion to a new and different culture.

Answer 65

Culture Shock

Question 66

– it is an experience of being left out or outmoded of the current trends of the society where the individual belongs.

Answer 66

Culture Lag