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Tourism Planning > Preliminary > Flashcards

Preliminary Flashcards

1
Q

Tourism characteristics and their planning implications

A

A composite product
Tourist destinations are intangible
Tourism destination have long-gestation periods
Tourism is very capital intensive
Tourism’s main assets are nature and culture
Tourism is subject to external forces that are largely uncontrollable
Tourism exerts impacts on the environment, culture and economy
Tourism is a highly dynamic and competitive industry.
Tourism’s main assets are nature and culture

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2
Q

Comprised of goods and serviced that are provider by entities in the tourism value chain

A

A composite product

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3
Q

Refers to the series of public and private entities that convert resources into value added tourism products that are sold to tourists

A

Tourism value chain

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4
Q

Experience gained

A

Tourist destinations are intangible

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5
Q

Long term tourism sustainability

A

Tourism destinations have long-gestation periods

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6
Q

Minimum

A

5 M

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7
Q

Political situation,weather, natural calamities, currency fluctuations and internal relations

A

Tourism is subject to external forces that are largely uncontrollable

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8
Q

Current trends and events (travel patterns) provided to tourists

A

External forces

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9
Q

It affects tourism industry tourist destination-tourist price (sustain and save money)

A

Economic crisis

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10
Q

Destinations (+-) planning and and impacts

A

Tourism exerts impacts on the environment, culture and economy of destinations

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11
Q

Innovation and development must always be present for the satisfaction of returned guest

A

Tourism is highly dynamic and competitve industry

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12
Q

The Benefits of Tourism planning

A

It gives new learnings
A mental exercise
Planning prevents waste of time, money and effort
Participatory tourism planning
Planning helps avoid mistakes that can lead to irreperable damage to destination

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13
Q

Factors to consider for effective tourism planning and development

A

Availability and Quality of tourism relevant data
Caliber of Planning expertise
Type and Variety of Tourism Resources
Kinds of tourism resources in adjacent tourism

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14
Q

According to Prof. Felipe de Leon Jr., a destination can complete by establishing its cultural identity in terms of the following: Kinds or types of Tourism Resources

(EXPLAIN)

A 
Originality 
Indigenousness
Authenticity
Uniqueness
Historicity
Magnitude
Excellence
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15
Q

Avoidance of past mistakes and networking (alternatives Plan ABC)

A

It gives new learnings

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16
Q

Planning forces us to focus on the task at hand and to think critically

A

A mental exercise

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17
Q

Contributes to the development of social capital by building trust and support among the various stakeholders in a destination

A

Participatory tourism planning

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18
Q

Up to date and comprehensive tourism-relevant data affects the level of accuracy of estimating supply capacity, forecasting demand and monitoring outcomes (tabular data: sources with name and signature)

A

Availability and Quality of tourism relevant data

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19
Q

Minimum of land

A

14 hectares

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20
Q

Determines the quality of planning outputs

A

Caliber of expertise/Qualifications

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21
Q

Being the first to have a particular attraction

A

Originality

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22
Q

Having something that can only be found in your destination

A

Indigenousness

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23
Q

Being true to traditions and methods of preparation, not contrived

A

Authenticity

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24
Q

Not found anywhere else

A

Uniqueness

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25
Q

Being significant for a particular event

A

Historicity

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26
Q

Being the tallest, smallest, biggest, or anything superlative

A

Magnitude

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27
Q

Having the highest quality

A

Excellence

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28
Q

Culture characteristics of a destination have an impact on the kind of tourists that are attracted to it. Community

A

Culture of the destinations residents

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29
Q

Geographic location has direct impacts on several

A

Geographic location and spatial distribution of the tourism development units

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30
Q

Market volume and characteristics influence the kind of amenities and services that are offered im the destination

A

Target Market

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31
Q

Stages in the Tourism Area Life Cycle (Explain) is

A 
Exploration
Involvment
Development
Consolidation
Stagnation
Decline or Rejuvenation
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32
Q

Discovery

A

Exploration

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33
Q

Stakeholders/govern/tourist/community

A

Involvement

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34
Q

Possibility to develop

A

Development

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35
Q

Sectors

A

Consolidation

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36
Q

Sustainabiliity/limited resources

A

Stagnation

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37
Q

Reju-recover

A

Decline or rejuvenation

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38
Q

Set parameters to what can and cannot be undone .

A

National Tourism Policy and Legislation

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39
Q

These priority areas are affiliated in RA 9593 or the Tourism Act of 2009 and translated into plans in the National Tourism Development for 2011-2016 (Section 2 of RA 9593)

A

National Tourism Policy and Legislation

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40
Q

A positive perception of tourism results in people embracing tourism development, negative perception will make people oppose it

A

Stakeholder’s perception and attitudes

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41
Q

Tourism planners must also be conscious of eternal developments that can affect the viability of planned tourism projects.

A

Awareness of external forces

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42
Q

These developments cover socio-cultural, technological, environmental, economic and political dimensions

A

Awareness of External Forces

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43
Q

The amount of financial capital requited by a tourism project and the ability to raise such amount are also a major consideration in whether to proceed with tourism development or not

A

Financial Capital Requirement

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44
Q

Sees tourism as a positive force for economic development

A

Boosterism/Boosterist approach

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45
Q

Primary goal of boosterism/Boosterist approach

A

Maximize tourism revenues through mass tourism

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46
Q

Tourism Development theories

A

Advocacy theories

Cautionary theories

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47
Q

Support theories

A

Advocacy theories

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48
Q

NGO private entirues community

A

Advocacy theories

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49
Q

Warning theories

A

Cautionary theories

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50
Q

Advocacy theories

A

Laidsez faire theory
Modernization theory
Trickle down
Neoliberal

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51
Q

A french tern for leave it be

A

Laissez faire theory

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52
Q

Known as liberal economic theory

A

Laissez faire theory

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53
Q

Assimes that tourism contributes to the economic progress and transformation of traditional societi s into modern ones

A

Mondernization theorty

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54
Q

Convert simple destinations into modern

A

Modernizations theorty

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55
Q

Economic business approach

A

Laissez faire theory

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56
Q

Assumes that any form of economic growth will lead to the improvement of the living conditions of qll

A

Trickle down theory

57
Q

Related to this theory is the multiplier effect

A

Trickle down theory

58
Q

Posits that the economy functions best when there is minimal government intervention

A

Neoliberal theory

59
Q

Accepts the idea of government regulation but rejects government competing with the private sector of being a business operator itself

A

Neoliberal theory

60
Q

Only for private entities

A

Neoliberal theory

61
Q

Cautionary theories

A

Dependency theory

Irridex theory

62
Q

States that tourism can actually worsen the plight of “third world” countries because the “first world” countries exploit and siphon off the resources of the latter

A

Dependency theory

63
Q

Theory about the social impacts of tourism

A

Irridex or Doxey’s Irritation Index Model

64
Q

It states the residents attitudes toward tourism will deter over the destination life cycle as the negative consequences of tourism intensify

A

Irridex or Doxey’a Irritation Index Model

65
Q

Planning may not be seen as necessary when the place has underdeveloped supply and demand or where visitation rates are so small as to not perceive any impact from it

A

No planning

66
Q

Planning only as the need arises

A

Ad-hoc planning

67
Q

Examples of No planning

A

Le Preza for movies or tv shows

68
Q

Relate to issue-based planning, which is planning driven by issues that emerge from time to time and the search for solutions to those issues

A

Dredge and Jenkins 2001

Ad-Hoc Planning

69
Q

Example of Ad-Hoc Planning

A

Cagbalete Island

70
Q

Tourism is developed and planned as an integrated within itself and as part of an overall tourism plan and total development patterns in an area

A

Integrated Tourism Planning

Chaisawat.n.d

71
Q

Part of the masterplan

A

Integrated Tourism Planning

72
Q

“Build it and they will come”

A

Product-led Development

73
Q

It suggest that the key to successful tourism program is to provide infrastructure, facilities, and amenities to tourist

A

Product-led Development

74
Q

Focused on “destination layout and design” and breaks down tourism into spatial unit such as gateways, communities, access route and attraction complexes

A

Spatial planning

75
Q

“Know the customers and satisfy them”

A

Demand-led approach

76
Q

Market research

A

Demand-led approach

77
Q

Puts the government at the center of planning and development

A

Bureaucratic/Government-led approach

78
Q

Government may use various types of policy instruments to promote tourism

A

Advocacy
Money
Action
Laws and Regulations

79
Q

A set of rules, reguulations, guidelines, directives and development, promotion objectives and strategies that provide framework

A

Tourism policy

80
Q

Output of the tourism planning process

A

Tourism plan

81
Q

Tourism planning is the process of: (general)

A

Gathering and evaluating information
Imagining a desired future state of tourism in the destination
Choosing from a number of alternatives for achieving them

82
Q

Conceptualization

A

Imagining a desired future state of tourism in the destination

83
Q

Tourism planning process involves:

A

Situational analysis
Vision, goals and objectives
Strategies

84
Q

How mani MVGBS

A

1 Mission
1 Vision
10 Objectives
10 strategies

85
Q

How to attain objectives/ ways to achieve objectives

A

Strategies

86
Q

TRREC

A

New Zealand’s Recreation, Research and Education Centre

87
Q

TRREC provides these definitions

A

Vision
Goals
Objectives
Strategies

88
Q

Desired future state of the destination

A

Vision

89
Q

Broad-based targets for tourism

A

Goals

90
Q

Targets that are SMART

A

Objectives

91
Q

SMART

A 
Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Time bound
92
Q

The method by which objectives will be achieved

A

Strategies

93
Q

Tourism planning dimension

A

Levels
Time frame
Scope

94
Q

International, National, Regional, Provincial, Municipal/City, Site

A

Levels

95
Q

Short term, Medium term, Long term

A

Time frame

96
Q

Short term

A

2 years or less

97
Q

Medium term

A

2-5 years

98
Q

Long term

A

5 years and up

99
Q

More on planning not developments

A

Time frame

100
Q

Short term

A

Wellness spa

101
Q

Medium term

A

Water park

102
Q

Comprehensive in scope

A

Scope

103
Q

Composed of several smaller plans

A

Master plan

104
Q

Also called the tourism development unit

A

Spatial units

105
Q

DOT-JICA and the UNESCO provide the following spatial concepts:

A 
Tourist site
TDA
Tourism cluster
Tourism circuits
Tourism corridor
106
Q

Gives financial support on community-based project

A

DOT-JICA

107
Q

An area that contains one or more tourist attractions

A

Tourist site

108
Q

Tourist site

A

Geographical-landscape-aesthetic
Cultural-Historical
Recreational
Ecological

109
Q

Natural

A

Geographical-landscape-aesthetic

110
Q

Flora and fauna

A

Ecological

111
Q

Adventures

A

Recreational

112
Q

TDA

A

Tourism Development Area

113
Q

An area designated for possessing important attraction present an important site in an specific area or groups of tourist sites

A

TDA

114
Q

Grouping, more broad than TDA

A

Tourism Cluster

115
Q

Composed of two or more TDAs

A

Tourism cluster

116
Q

NTDP

A

The National Tourism Development Plan

117
Q

DOT-JICA

A

Department of Tourism-Japan International Cooperation Agency

118
Q

NTDP consists 5 TDAs

A 
Northern Cebu-Bantayan-Malapascua
Metro-Cebu-Mactan-Olango Island
Southern Cebu
Negros Oriental-Dumaguete-Siquijor
Tagbilaran-Panglao Island
119
Q

This was planned by ___

A

Aquino Administration

120
Q

Defined as a route involving at least 3 major tourist destinations which are located in different towns, villages or cities and the destinations share common characteristics or themes

A

Tourism circuit

121
Q

Refers to a route defined by a the e spanning several countries or even continents

A

Tourism corridor

122
Q

Ex: Culinary tourism

A

Tourism corridor

123
Q

Physical space in which a visitor spends at least one overnight

A

Tourism destination

124
Q

Two types of bureaucratic approaches:

A

Central planning approach (DOT-TPB)

Devolved plaaning approach(DOT-Provincial-Local LGU)

125
Q

The opposite of boosterism is low volume, high yield tourism which Scheyvens called the ___ Where strict controls are imposed on the types and and volume pf tourism to maximize revenue but minimize the adverse effects of tourism religion, culture, and environment

A

Middle path approach (Bhutan Model)

126
Q

Works best when the place being comsidered for tourism development is endowed with natural attractions of outstanding beauty, remote beyond the reach of commercial electric and water services or protected by laws; such as protected areas and ancestral domains of indigenous people

Develop aesthetically

A

Environmental approach

127
Q

Defined by the DOT (2002) as a form of sustainable tourism within natural and cultural heritage area where community participation protection and management of natural resources, culture and indigenous knowledge and practices, environmental education and ethics as well as economic benefits fostered and pursued for the enrichment of host communities and satisfaction of visitors

Develop natural resources, sustain the wellbeing of the community

A

Ecotourism approach

128
Q

A tourism that is owned and/or managed by communities and intended to deliver wider community benefit

Manage and supervise the project or development of the destination

A

Community-based Tourism

129
Q

Emphasize the role of stakeholders in the tourism planning process

A

Social approach

130
Q

It is concerned with directing the benefit and control of resources toward the community and other vulnerable groups

A

Social approach

131
Q

Puts people at the center of the planning process

It is an approach in which each relevant stakeholder has a say in the deliberation and decision-making process

Implementation in which the stakeholder has the right or power for decision making

A

Participatory/Stake

132
Q

Tourism that generates net benefits for the poor

A

Pro-poor apprpach

133
Q

In this approach, the needs of the poor are prioritized over externally -oriented growth imperatives

A

Pro-poor approach

134
Q

Development that meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

A

Sustainable development

135
Q

Tourism that takes full account pf its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts, adressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment and host communities

A

Sustainable tourism

136
Q

Goals of Sustainable Tourism

A 
Economic viability
Local prosperity
Employment quality 
Social equity
Visitor fulfillment
Local control
Community-well being
Cultural richness
Physical integrity
Biological diversity
Resource efficiency 
Environmental purity
137
Q

Principles and Strategies of Sustainable Tourism

Three key phases

A

Setting the course (1-2)
Developing the approach (3)
Ensuring on going process (4-5)

138
Q

Tourism Planning Guidelines (Gunn)

A

Planning policy directions
Planning process
Tourism Development
Tourism Planning Needs (Circa 1988)

Tourism Planning (2 decks)

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