Prelim Reviewer

Question 1

• refers to person’s experience as a single,
  unitary, autonomous being

Answer 1

Self

Question 2

• people did not possess the
  rich interior lives that people experience today

Answer 2

Medieval period

Question 3

• people conceive of an inner self
  whose thought and feelings might differ from
  the way he/ she acted

Answer 3

16th century

Question 4

view themselves as independent beings

Answer 4

North Americans and Western Europeans

Question 5

tend to ascribe to a
more interdependent view of self

Answer 5

Far East (e.g., Japan)

Question 6

• Self is the same as soul

Answer 6

Socrates

Question 7

Reality has two realms

Answer 7

• Physical Realm (changeable,
  temporary and imperfect)
  -
  Ideal Realm (Unchanging, eternal and
  perfect)

Question 8

• ## The Self Is An Immortal SoulSoul and the self are synonyms

Answer 8

Plato

Question 9

The three parts of soul according to Plato

Answer 9

●
Physical Appetite soul (hunger;
biological needs)
●
Spirit or Passion soul (emotions)
●
Rational soul (Reason and Intellect)

Question 10

• The Soul Is The Essence Of The
  Self

Answer 10

Aristotle

Question 11

Three Kinds of Soul according to Aristotle

Answer 11

●
Vegetative Soul (Physical Body)
●
Sentient Soul (Desires and feelings
and emotions)
●
Rational Soul (Intellect)

Question 12

• I Am Doubting Therefore I Am
• He believes that the body is united with the
  soul.

Answer 12

St. Augustine

Question 13

is created in the image and
likeness of God

Answer 13

Humankind

Question 14

is a consequence of
knowledge of God

Answer 14

Self-knowledge

Question 15

• I Think Therefore I Am

Answer 15

Rene Descartes

Question 16

• Father of Modern of Philosophy

Answer 16

Rene Descartes

Question 17

• The Self Is Consciousness
• English philosopher

Answer 17

John Locke

Question 18

is necessary to have a
coherent personal (self) identity or knowledge
of the self as a person

Answer 18

Self-consciousness

Question 19

• There is No Self
• Scottish Philosopher
• An individual’s personal identity is a result of
  imagination

Answer 19

David Hume

Question 20

• We Construct the self
• German Philosopher
• Self is actively organizing and synthesizing
  all thoughts and perceptions
• The self is the product of our experiences in
  life

Answer 20

Immanuel Kant

Question 21

• The Self Is Multilayered
• Austrian Psychoanalyst

Answer 21

Sigmund Freud

Question 22

according to Sigmund Freud Self has three layers

Answer 22

●
The Conscious Self
●
The Preconscious Self
●
The Unconscious Self

Question 23

• The Self is the Way People
  Behave
• A British Philosopher
• He believes that Self is best understood as a
  pattern of behavior
• “I Act therefore I am”

Answer 23

Gilbert Ryle

Question 24

• The Self is the Brain
• Canadian Philosopher
• brain gives people the sense of self

Answer 24

Paul Churchland

Question 25

- It refers to the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes

Answer 25

Psychology

Question 26

- Real Self vs. Ideal Self

Answer 26

Carl Rogers

Question 27

- Is who we actually are.

Answer 27

Real Self

Question 28

- It is how we want to be

Answer 28

Ideal Self

Question 29

- if the real self is aligned with the ideal self

Answer 29

Congruence

Question 30

- if the real self is not aligned with the ideal self

Answer 30

Incongruence

Question 31

Multiple Self vs. Unified Self

Answer 31

David Lester

Question 32

- varies across different roles and relationships

Answer 32

Multiple Self

Question 33

- goal of every person. -Knowing what we want and who we really are

Answer 33

Unified Self

Question 34

True Self vs. False Self

Answer 34

Donald Winnicott

Question 35

Agency and efficacy

Answer 35

Albert Bandura

Question 36

- It embodies the endowments, belief systems, self-regulatory capabilities, and distributed structures and functions

Answer 36

Agency

Question 37

It refers to an act done intentionally.

Answer 37

Intentionality

Question 38

- It enables the person to anticipate the likely consequences of prospective actions

Answer 38

Forethought

Question 39

- It involves making choices and choosing appropriate courses of action

Answer 39

Self-reactiveness

Question 40

It gives the person the ability to reflect upon and the adequacy of his or her thoughts and action

Answer 40

Self-reflectiveness

Question 41

- The foundation of human agency. - It plays a vital role in self-regulation

Answer 41

Efficacy

Question 42

- It refers to the individual’s belief that he or she is capable to perform a task.

Answer 42

Self-Efficacy

Question 43

- Self is a concept of the archetypes

Answer 43

Carl Jung

Question 44

- These are representations of the hidden potentialities of the psyche

Answer 44

Archetypes

Question 45

- It refers to the individual’s conscious perception of the self

Answer 45

Ego

Question 46

- The dynamic forces of the self are many and in inevitable conflict

Answer 46

Sigmund Freud

Question 47

- The failure to achieve identity

Answer 47

Identity Crisis

Question 48

- It assumes that human behavior is influenced by a group

Answer 48

SELF

Question 49

- study of social groups and human relationships generates new insights into the interconnectedness between the self and other people

Answer 49

Sociology

Question 50

- best known for his concept of the looking glass self. - interpersonal interaction and the perception of others

Answer 50

Charles Cooley

Question 51

- develops a sense of self through social interaction and not the biological preconditions. - yourself develops through interacting with others

Answer 51

George Herbert Mead-