Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PRELIM > PRELIM AIRSYS > Flashcards

PRELIM AIRSYS Flashcards

1
Q

tends to stretch a structural
member.

A

Tension or Tensile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • Components that are designed to
    resist compressive loads.
A

Struts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Components designed to resist tensile loads

A

Ties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

are the opposite of tensile loads
and tend to shorten structural
members.

A

Compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • a force which tends to slide one
    face of the material over an adjacent
    face.
A

Shear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q
  • involves the three basic loadings:
    Tension(outer), Compression(inner), and Shear(across).
A

Bending

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q
  • designed to resist shear forces
A

Riveted joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • internal force inside a structural member which resists an externally applied force.
A

Stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • Twisting force that produce
    Tension(outer), Compression(center)
    and shear(across)
A

Torsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • occurs to thin sheet materialswhen they are subjected to end loads and to ties if subjected to compressive forces.
A

Buckling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • the ratio of the change in length to the original length and is a measure of the deformationof any loaded structure
A

Strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the maximum load that the designer would expect the airframe or component to experience in service.

A

Design Limit Load (DLL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Design limit load for public transport aircrafts

A

2.5G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Design limit load for aerobatic aircrafts

A

6G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Design limit load for utility aircrafts

A

3.4G 3.8G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When it is applied the aircraft structure must not suffer any permanent deformation and all flying control and other systems must function normally.

A

Proof load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • it is the DLL multiplied by thesafety factor.
A

Design Ultimate Load(DUL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

DUL Min. safety factor required

A

1.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the ratio of the ultimate load to the
limit load.

A

Safety factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

defined as the minimum number of
flying hours, landings, cycles etc. which should elapse before a major
structural failure occurs.

A

safe life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

This is a structure having multiple
load paths which means that the
loads are shared by adjacent
members. Therefore if one part fails
the load it carried will now be carried
by the adjacent member for a limited
period.

A

fail safe structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  • eliminates the extra structural
    members by spreading the loading
    of a particular structure over a larger
    area.
A

Damage Tolerant Structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A method of locating components
on the aircraft must be established
in order that maintenance and
repairs can be carried out.

A

Station Numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  • A structure which is subjected to
    continual reversals of loading will fail
    at a load of less than would be the
    case for a steadily applied load.
A

Fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

reference to a zero datum line
at or near the forward portion of
the aircraft.

A

Fuselage station lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vertical position from a groundline or horizontal datum.

A

Water Line (WL) or ButtockLine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

are given in inches forward (“-”)
or aft (“+”) of the zero datum.

A

station numbers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  • are measured from the centerline of the aircraft
A

Wing stations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Aircraft Structural Zoning System

A

 Major zone
 Major Sub-zone
 Simply a zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Zoning of large aircraft is specifiedby the Air Transport Association of America in the ATA-100 Specification.

A

Aircraft Structural Zoning System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Zone 100

A

Lower half of the fuselage to the rear pressure bulkhead (below the main cabin deck).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Lower half of the fuselage to the rear pressure bulkhead (below the main cabin deck).

A

Zone 100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Zone 200

A

Upper half of the fuselage to the rear pressure bulkhead.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Upper half of the fuselage to the rear pressure bulkhead.

A

zone 200

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Empennage, including fuselage aft of the rear pressure bulkhead.

A

zone 300

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

zone 300

A

Empennage, including fuselage aft of the rear pressure bulkhead.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

zone 400

A

Power plants and struts or pylons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Power plants and struts or pylons.

A

zone 400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

left wing

A

zone 500

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

zone 500

A

left wing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

right wing

A

zone 600

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

zone 600

A

right wing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

zone 700

A

Landing gear and landing gear doors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Landing gear and landing gear doors.

A

zone 700

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

zone 800

A

doors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

doors

A

zone 800

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Reserved for uncommon differences between aircraft types not covered by standard series numbers.

A

zone 900

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

zone 900

A

Reserved for uncommon differences between aircraft types not covered by standard series numbers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

main structure or body of the
aircraft and carries the aircraft
payload in safe, comfortable
conditions.

A

fuselage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q
  • major zones divided to major sub- zones(2nd digit), and major sub- zones are divided into zones(3rd
    digit)
A

Sub-zones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q
  • stresses are set up in the fuselage
    of aircraft when pressurized and
    tend to elongate the fuselage.
A

Axial Stress (longitudinal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

are set up in addition to axial
stress and tend to expand fuselage
cross section area.

A

Hoop Stress (radial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

hoop stress internal pressure can reach ______

A

65.5
kN/m2
(9.5psi).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

putanginang prof

A

colocado

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q
  • used for light, non-pressurized, aircraft.
  • It is a strong, easily constructed
    and relatively trouble free basic
    structure.
  • covered by a lightweight aluminum
    alloy or fabric skin.
A

Framework Or Truss Type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q
  • more widely used. - all the loads are taken by the skin
    with just light internal frames or
    formers to give the required shape.
A

Monocoque Structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q
  • Materials to provide rigidity and
    strength
A

 Sandwich construction
 a honeycomb core with a skin of composite material
 glass fiber reinforced plastics(GFRP)
 carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP)
 aluminumalloy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q
  • Pure monocoque structure with added stringers (stiffeners)and longerons to run lengthwise along the fuselage joining the frames together.
A

Semi-Monocoque Construction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q
  • must withstand both the loads of pressurization and impact loads from bird strikes.
  • constructed from toughened glass panels attached to each side of a clear vinyl inter layer.
A

Flight Deck Windows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

prevents ice from forming and makes the window more resilient and able to withstand bird strikes.

A

Electrically Conducting Coating

48
Q

allow pilots to land the aircraft safely in the event of windscreen obscurity

A

Direct Vision Windows

49
Q
  • These are designed to be fail safeand normally have two panes of acrylic plastic mounted in an airtight rubber seal fitted into a metal window frame.
A

Passenger Cabin Windows

50
Q
  • support the weight of the aircraft in the air and so must have sufficient strength and stiffness.
A

wings

51
Q
  • Very few of this fly at more than
    200 knots in level flight and so the
    air loads are low.
A

Bi-Plane

52
Q
  • This type of design is also used on
    low speed aircraft.
A

Braced Monoplane

53
Q
  • The mainplanes have to absorb
    the stresses due to lift and drag in
    flight and, if of __________ design,
    their own weight when on the
    ground.
A

Cantilever Monoplane

53
Q
  • main load bearing members.
  • constructed so that they will
    absorb the downwards bending
    stresses when on the ground and
    the upwards, rearwards and twisting
    stresses when in flight.
A

Spars

54
Q
  • It generates direct stresses in a
    span wise direction as a response to
    bending moments and also reacts
    against twisting (torsion)
A

Skin

55
Q
  • these are span wise members give
    the wing rigidity by stiffening the
    skin in compression.
A

Stringers

56
Q
  • these maintain the airfoil shape if
    the wings, support the spars, stringers and skin against buckling
    and pass concentrated loads.
A

Ribs

56
Q
  • The maximum permissible mass of an airplane with nousable fuel.
A

Maximum Zero Fuel Mass(MZFM)

57
Q
  • The maximum permissible airplane mass at the start of the take-off run.
A

Maximum Structural TakeOff Mass (MSTOM)

58
Q
  • The maximum mass of the airplane at the commencement of the taxi
A

Maximum Structural Taxi Mass(MSTM)

59
Q
  • The maximum permissible total airplane mass on landing in normal circumstances.
A

Maximum Structural Landing Mass (MSLM)

59
Q

types of empennage

A

 Conventional
 T-tail
 H-tail
 V-tail

60
Q
  • provide the longitudinal and directional stability and the means of longitudinal control. - generally smaller versions of the mainplanes in that they uses pars,ribs, stringers and skin in theirconstruction.
A

Tail

60
Q
  • it provide Some aircraft their longitudinal stability and control.
A

Foreplanes (canards)

61
Q
  • provide longitudinal stability by generating upwards or downwards forces as required.
A

horizontal surfaces (tailplane)

62
Q
  • generate sideways forces as
    required.
A

Vertical surfaces (fin)

63
Q
  • is the rapid and uncontrolled
    oscillation of a flight control which
    occurs as a result of an unbalanced
    surface.
A

flutter

64
Q
  • Can prevent Flutter.
  • alter the moment of inertia of the
    surface and therefore the period of
    vibration.
A

Mass Balancing

65
Q
  • most widely used metals for
    structural use due to a good
    strength to weight ratio.
A

Aluminum

66
Q
  • an aluminum and copper based
    alloy which has poor corrosion
    resistance except when clad with
    pure aluminum. It also has good
    thermal and electrical conductivity
    and is difficult to weld.
A

Duralumin

67
Q
  • only used where strength is vital
    and weight penalties can be
    ignored
A

Steel

67
Q
  • is much lighter than steel and can
    be used where fire protection is
    required i.e. firewalls. It has good
    strength and retains this and its
    corrosion resistance up to temperatures of 400°C.
A

Titanium

68
Q
  • is designed to withstand landing at a particular aircraft weight and vertical descent velocity.
A

Aircraft landing gear

69
Q
  • not generally used as a structural material.
A

Glass fiber reinfroced plastic

69
Q
  • outperform the commonly used aircraft structural materials.
A

Carbon Fiber ReinforcedPlastic(CFRP) And Kevlar (KFRP)

70
Q
  • suffering fatigue retain their design strength up to a critical point after which failure occurs rapidly whereas composites lose their properties gradually.
A

Metal structures

71
Q
  • have good resistance to corrosion and can easily beformed into complex shapes but their fatigue behavior is different to that of conventional metal alloys and is not generally a consideration at stress cycles below approximately 80% of ultimate stress.
A

Composite materials

72
Q

their principal advantage being their weight. This gives an excellent strength to weight ratio(aluminum is one and a half times heavier).

A

Magnesium

73
Q

is the science relating to the behavior of liquids under various conditions and in aircraft the
_________ system provides a means of operating large and remote components that it would not be possible
to operate satisfactorily by other means.

A

hydraulics

74
Q

provide a means of power
transmission through the medium of hydraulics
just like in transmission of power through an
incompressible fluid via pipelines and actuators.

A

Aircraft systems

74
Q

provide the power for the
operation of components such as landing gear,
flaps, flight controls, wheel brakes, windshield
wipers, and other systems that require high
power, accurate control, and rapid response
rates.

A

Hydraulic systems

75
Q

was a 17th century mathematician
who stated that: “If a force is applied to a liquid
in a confined space, then this force will be felt
equally in all directions.”

A

Blaise Pascal

75
Q

“If a force is applied to a liquid
in a confined space, then this force will be felt
equally in all directions.”

A

PASCAL’S LAW

76
Q

The force employed when a hydraulic system is
operated is caused by ____________

A

pressure

77
Q

is created only when an
attempt is made to compress fluids, therefore, if
a flow of oil is pumped through an open-ended
tuber there will be no pressure, but, if the end of
the tube is blocked and the oil cannot escape,
pressure will at one build up

A

Hydraulic pressure

78
Q

In hydraulic systems, this restriction is provided
by movable pistons which travel backwards and
forwards in cylinders, these assemblies being
known as ______________

A

hydraulic jacks or actuators

79
Q

This principle was discovered by Joseph
Bramah (1749 - 1814) who invested a hydraulic
press

A

BRAMAH’S PRESS

80
Q

who discovered bramah’s press?

A

Joseph
Bramah

81
Q

Joseph Bramah (1749 - 1814) who invested a hydraulic
press and, in doing so, observed two facts:

A

a. The smaller the area under load, the greater the pressure generated

b. The larger the area under pressure, the
greater will be the load available

81
Q

This would constitute a _______________ where a force is applied to a piston
(piston A) only when it is desired to move the
load (piston B) thereby only generating pressure
when it is required rather than generating and
maintaining pressure all of the time and only
using it when something needs to be moved.

A

Passive Hydraulic
System

81
Q

The efficiency of a hydraulic system is governed
by the resistance to motion encountered by the
fluid, and for all practical purposes, hydraulic
fluids are considered to be incompressible
except at high pressures, that is _______________– and
above.

A

27.6 MPa

81
Q

require lubrication to remain
effective, and wetting of the bearing surface, or
a slight seepage from the seals, is normally
acceptable.

A

Dynamic seals

81
Q

perform a very important function in a
hydraulic system, in preventing leakage of fluid.
Static seals, gaskets, and packing are used in
many locations, and these affect a seal by being
squeezed between two surfaces.

A

Seals

82
Q

fitted between sliding surfaces,
may be of many different shapes, depending on
their use and on the fluid pressure involved

A

Dynamic seals

83
Q

is normally fitted with a stiff backing
ring, which retains the shape of the seal and
prevents it from being squeezed between the two
moving surfaces.

A

“O” ring

83
Q

_________ and ________ ring seals are effective in one
direction only

A

“U”and “V”

83
Q

but _________ and ______
seals are often used where pressure is applied in
either direction.

A

“O” rings and square section

84
Q

Seals are easily damaged by
grit, and a ____________ is often installed on
actuators to prevent any grit that may be
deposited on the prison rod from contaminating
the seals.

A

wiper ring

85
Q

; if a seal of an incorrect material
is used in a system, the sealing quality will be __________________

A

seriously degraded

86
Q

replaces DTD 585 as the
British specification.

A

DEF STAN 91-48

87
Q
  • a phosphate ester based oil.
    Used with synthetic rubber seals (Butyl). It is fire resistant and less prone to cavitation
    because of its higher boiling point.
A

SKYDROL

87
Q

a refined mineral based oil
(Petroleum). Used with synthetic rubber seals
(Neoprene). Recommended for all hydraulic
systems under high pressures and low or very
low temperatures

A

D.T.D. 585

88
Q

If the __________ fluid is
added to a system breakdown of the seals is likely causing fluid leakage, both internally within components and externally from the
actuators.

A

incorrect fluid

88
Q

A ____________ provides storage
space for the system fluid.

A

reservoir

89
Q

should be handled with care as
they have a deleterious effect on skin,
paintwork, sealing compounds, rubber materials,
Perspex, etc., and they should never be mixed.

A

Hydraulic fluids

90
Q
A
90
Q

further increase pressure at pump inlet to reduce
possibility of cavitation

A

Pressurized with air from engine compressor

91
Q

either had, engine,
or electrically driven. It
draws oil from the reservoir
and delivers a supply of fluid
to the system.

A

A pump

91
Q

an ________, ____________, and ________ are used to
provide alternate supply as part of the
redundancy provisions for the safe operation of
the aircraft

A

air pump,
ram air turbine, and power
transfer unit

92
Q

may be the only source of power
in a small, light aircraft hydraulic system, but
may also be used on larger aircraft

A

Hand Pumps

93
Q

one example is spur gear displacement pump.
One of the gears is driven by the power source
normally used by the engine.

A

Constant Delivery (Fixed Volume) Pump

94
Q
  • this pump supplies fluid at a variable volume
    and controls its pressure. This type of pump is
    typically fitted in modern aircraft whose
    systems operate at 3000 - 4000 psi.
A

Constant Pressure (Variable Volume) Pump

94
Q

is
fitted to a system employing a constant
delivery (fixed volume) pump, to control
system pressure and to return to the reservoir.

A

Automatic Cut Out Valves (ACOV) -

95
Q

enabling the
operator to select the
direction of the flow of
fluid to the required
service and providing a
return path for the oil
to the reservoir

A

A selector or control
valve

96
Q

Used to convert fluid flow into linear or rotary motion.

A

A jack or set of jacks, or actuators

96
Q

Attached to the piston is a _________ which passes through a seal and wiper ring assembly fitted into the end of the cylinder.

A

piston rod (or ram)

97
Q
  • hydraulically
    operated in one direction only. Normally used
    as a locking device, the lock being engaged by
    spring pressure and released by hydraulic
    pressure. This has more fluid in the cylinder
    when the rod is extended.
A

Single Acting Actuator

97
Q
  • equal force can be
    applied to both sides of the piston. It is often used in applications such as nose wheel
    steering. Either one or both sides of the piston
    rod may be connected to a mechanism
A

Double Acting Balanced

98
Q

to keep the fluid
clean. They remove foreign
particles from the fluid.

A

filter

99
Q

_____________ filter to
protect the pump

A

Suction filter

100
Q

_________ filter to ensure the cleanliness of fluid
during use.

A

pressure filter

101
Q

Sometimes, there is also a filter in the _______ to the reservoir to remove particles
picked up during operation.

A

fluid return line

102
Q

Other filters are fitted with__________ or _____ which allows unfiltered fluid to pass to the system when the element becomes clogged.

A

a relief or bypass valve

103
Q

is
maximum system
pressure that is often
controlled by adjustment
of the main engine
driven pump, but a number of other components
are used to maintain or limit fluid pressures in
various parts of the hydraulic system

A

Pressure Control

103
Q

as a safety
device to relieve excess
pressure.

A

A relief valve

104
Q

is when fluid is trapped
between the piston of the actuator and a
non-return valve or selector valve at its neutral
position, a “____________” is said to be formed.

A

Hydraulic Lock

105
Q

The main advantage of this system is that it is simple; the main disadvantage is that only one
service can be operated at a time.

A

OPEN CENTER SYSTEM

106
Q
A
107
Q

Fluid is passed directly to the reservoir when no services are being operated, this allows the engine driven pump to run in an “_______________-” as little pressure is generated but there is still flow through the pump to cool and lubricate it.

A

offloaded condition

108
Q

With this type of system, operating pressure is
maintained in that part of the system which
leads to the selector valves, and some method is
used to prevent overloading the pump.

A

CLOSED SYSTEM

108
Q

Its great advantage is that multiple services can
be operated at the same time. Their use is only
limited by the volume flow capacity of the
pump

A

CLOSED SYSTEM

109
Q

In systems which employ a fixed volume pump (constant delivery), an __________ is fitted to divert pump output to the reservoir when pressure has built up to normal operating pressure.

A

automatic cut-out valve

110
Q

Stresses will tend to elongate,
compress, bend, shear, and twist
components.

A

ELASTIC LIMIT

111
Q

Provided that the deformation is
within the elastic limit of the
material, the component will
return to its original dimension
once ________________

A

the stress has been
removed

112
Q

Beyond the elastic limit,
deformation will be ____________-.

A

permanent

PRELIM (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions