(Prelim) Activity 1 Discussion (Post-Lab) Flashcards

1
Q

Properties that depend on the number of solute particles in a solution.

A

Colligative Properties

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2
Q

diffusion of solvent through a semipermeable membrane from the solution of lower solute concentration to the solution of higher
solute concentration.

A

Osmosis

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2
Q

Colligative Properties

A
  1. Osmotic Pressure
  2. Vapor pressure lowering
  3. Boiling point elevation
  4. Freezing point depression
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3
Q

Osmotic pressure formula

A

Ξ  = 𝑀𝑅𝑇
or
Ξ  = 𝑖𝑀𝑅𝑇

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3
Q

pressure required to counter osmosis

A

Osmotic pressure

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4
Q

i means

A

Van’t Hoff factor

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5
Q

M means

A

molarity

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6
Q

R means

A

0.08205 Lβˆ™atm/mol βˆ™K

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7
Q

T means

A

temperature (in K)

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8
Q

2 ions in i(Van’t Hoff factor)

A

1.8

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8
Q

5 ions in i(Van’t Hoff factor)

A

4.2

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8
Q

3 ions in i(Van’t Hoff factor)

A

2.6

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9
Q

4 ions in i(Van’t Hoff factor)

A

3.4

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10
Q

when the osmotic pressure of the solution is the same, or very nearly the same, as that of the cell contents.

A

Isotonic

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11
Q

solutions of greater concentration than within the cell

A

Hypertonic

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12
Q

solutions of lower concentrations than within the cell

A

Hypotonic

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13
Q

same conc. of inside & outside

13
Q

> 0.9%

A

Hypertonic

14
Q

0.9% NaCl

15
Q

< 0.9%

16
Q

the pressure exerted by a vapor that is in
thermodynamic equilibrium with the condensed phase (solid or liquid) at
a given temperature in a closed system.

A

Vapor pressure

16
Q

it is characteristically defined by Dalton’s
Law of Partial pressure and Raoult’s Law.

A

For vapor pressure of solution

16
Q

is the summation of the individual partial vapor pressures of the components (solute and solvent) or the product of the molar fraction and the original vapor pressure of the pure components.

A

total vapor pressure of the system

16
Q

always equal to 1

A

molar fraction

17
Q

it is the temperature by which the vapor pressure of liquid is in equilibrium to the external atmospheric pressure.

A

Boiling Point

18
Q

It is a phenomenon or change by which solution of substance tend to increase its boiling point by the addition or increase
in the amount or concentration of the solute.

A

Boiling Point elevation

19
Q

Boiling Point Elevation FORMULA:

A

βˆ†π‘‡π‘ = πΎπ‘π‘š or βˆ†π‘‡π‘ = π‘–πΎπ‘π‘š

20
Q

βˆ†π‘‡π‘ means

A

Boiling Point Elevation

20
Q

𝐾𝑏 means

A

Ebullioscopic constant (ΒΊC/m)

21
Q

i means

A

Van’t hoff factor

22
Q

m means

23
Q

R means

A

Gas constant ( 1.987 cal/mol . Deg)

24
Q

Tb means

A

Boiling point of solvent in Kelvin

25
Q

MW

A

MW of solvent

26
Q

βˆ†π»π‘£π‘Žπ‘

A

Molar heat of vaporization

27
Q

it is the temperature by which the solid and liquid phases are in equilibrium under a pressure.

A

Freezing Point

28
Q

It is a phenomenon or change by which
solution of substance tend to decrease its freezing point by the addition or increase in the amount or concentration of the solute.

A

Freezing Point elevation

28
Q

Freezing Point Depression formula

A

βˆ†π‘‡π‘“ = πΎπ‘“π‘š or βˆ†π‘‡π‘“ = π‘–πΎπ‘“π‘š

28
Q

βˆ†π‘‡π‘“ means

A

Freezing point depression

29
Q

𝐾𝑓

A

cryoscopic constant (ΒΊC/m)

30
Q

R means

A

Gas constant (1.987 cal/mol . Deg)

30
Q

βˆ†π»π‘“ means

A

Molar heat of fusion