Prelim 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is culture?

A

A set of meanings that groups in a time and place an come to adopt or develop.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are expected behaviors an example of?

A

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are languages an example of?

A

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are courtesies an example of?

A

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are values an example of?

A

Culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does culture result in?

A
  • Facilitating smooth social coordination
  • Clarifies group boundaries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the coordinating function of culture?

A

When everyone stays on the same page.

Basically, everyone knows their role and how to act in that role.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When did the coordinating function of culture develop?

A

When society developed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the main idea of Talhelm et al., 2014?

A

The development of Individualistic vs. collectivist culture in different regions in China due to differences in regional agricultural production.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is an individualistic culture?

A

An individualistic culture places emphasis on the person and not on the group.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the characteristics of individualistic cultures?

A
  • Person-emphasized
  • Competitive
  • Uniqueness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a collectivist culture?

A

A collectivist culture places emphasis on the group rather than the individual.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the characteristics of a collectivist culture?

A
  • Social-emphasized
  • Group harmony
  • Discouragement of self-expression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What were the results of Talhelm et al, 2014?

A

Dominant groups were grown in different regions, which led to the development of cultures:

SOUTH: Rice requires group growing methods. This in
turn led to a collectivist culture

NORTH: Wheat can be grown individually. This in turn
led to an individualistic culture.

  • It should be noted that the development of these cultures happened over a long time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the main idea of English et al., 2022?

A

Explores masking/safety protocols during the early COVID-19 pandemic in China and how cultural development played a role in community compliance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What were the results of English et al., 2022?

A

People from historical rice farming regions were quicker to adopt masking during the COVID-19 outbreak than those from historical non-rice farming regions.

This is because rice farming requires collectivist agricultural methods, so people were more willing to comply with safety protocols if it meant protecting the group.

17
Q

What is Nisbett & Cohen, 1996 about?

A

“The Culture of Honor”

How southerns, specifically, southern white men, are more likely to respond to threats with extreme acts of violence due to their culture of honor- fighting back and never letting anyone disrespect you to preserve your social standing.

18
Q

What is the main idea of Cohen et al., 1996?

A

The differences in how northern vs. southern men respond to apparent “threats” and the southern “culture of honor” plays into that.

19
Q

What were the results of Cohen et al, 1996?

A

When insulted:

Northern guys- Brushed off the interaction easily and showed no physiological changes that indicate threats and anger.

Southern guys- Showed a spike in cortisol and testosterone levels. “On sight”. They were ready to fight and defend their honor. Furthermore, when the southern men were insulted in front of another person, they felt like less of a man.

20
Q

Why is the “culture of honor” important for influence?

A

Defending yourself and appearing tough is important to maintaining good social standing. Once you are in such position, you can persuade and influence.