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Theoterical Optics > Prelim > Flashcards

Prelim Flashcards

1
Q

● Branch of physics which involves the
behavior and properties of light, including
its interaction with matter and the
construction of instruments that use or
detect it
● Usually describes the behavior of visible,
ultraviolet, and infrared light
.

A

OPTICS

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2
Q
  • Deals with the formation of images by light
    rays; includes the study of the influence of
    plane and spherical mirrors, plane and
    spherical refractors, thin and thick lenses,
    prisms, and optical system upon light
    .
A

GEOMETRICAL OPTICS

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3
Q
  • Deals with the physical character and
    behavior of light and its interaction with
    matter
A

PHYSICAL OPTICS

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4
Q
  • Deals with the interaction of light with the
    atomic entities of matter and methods of
    quantum mechanics
A

QUANTUM OPTICS

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5
Q

Form of radiant energy that makes object
visible, makes vision possible
● Light energy from the sun travels through
space, reaches earth, and some of it turns
to heat energy and warms the earth’s air
● When light reaches an object, it is
absorbed, reflected, or passes through.

A

LIGHT

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6
Q

Properties of light

A
  1. Light travels in straight lines.
  2. Light travels very fast.
    Speed of light = 186,000 mi/s (300,000
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7
Q
  • Light emitted by luminous objects is
    composed of a stream of corpuscles which
    are tiny particles of matter that travel in
    straight lines, at a finite speed, and have
    different sizes corresponding to different
    colors
  • Light traveling from air to water increases
    speed, while light entering water will
    decrease the speed
  • When corpuscles fall on the retina, they
    produce an image of the object or
    sensation of vision
  • Accounts for Reflection and Dispersion
A

Sir Isaac Newton in the late 17th century

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8
Q

Undulatory Theory
- Light is emitted in a series of waves that
spread out from a source in all directions
- These waves are not affected by gravity
- Introduced the concept of wavefronts and
the Huygens’ principle, which states that
every point on a wavefront is a source of
secondary spherical wavelets
- Disagreed with Newton and said that light
traveling from air to water will decrease
speed and vice versa
- Accounts for Diffraction and Refraction

A

Christiaan Huygens in 1678

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9
Q
  • Performed a decisive experiment that
    seemed to demand a wave interpretation,
    turning the side of support to the wave
    theory of light
A

Thomas Young

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10
Q
  • Performed an experimental support for the
    Wave Theory
A

Heinrich Hertz

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11
Q
  • Published results of his experiments and
    analysis, which required that light be a transverse wave
    -Assumed that light waves in an ether were
    necessarily longitudinal, light rays can not
    pass around obstacles
A

Augustin Fresnel

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12
Q
  • Light has its origin in ether waves set up by
    electrical disturbances
  • “This velocity is so nearly that of light, that
    it seems we have strong reason to conclude
    that light itself (including radiant heat, and
    other radiations if any) is an
    electromagnetic disturbance in the form of
    waves propagated through the
    electromagnetic field according to
    electromagnetic laws”
    19th Century
  • From then on, light was viewed as a
    particular region of the electromagnetic
    spectrum of radiation
  • Light is an electromagnetic wave!
A

Electromagnetic Theory (Maxwell)

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13
Q
  • Light waves travel as separate packets of
    energy called quanta or photons
  • Merged the subjects of the Corpuscular,
    Wave, and Electromagnetic Theories
    together
  • introduced the concept of
    quantization of energy, and Einstein
    proposed that light consists of particles
    called photons, which carry energy in
    discrete packets or quanta. This theory
    suggests that light exhibits both wave-like
    and particle-like properties, leading to the
    concept of wave-particle duality.
  • Proven to be the correct and most accurate theory.
A

Quantum Theory
Max Planck in 1900

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14
Q

Based on 3 Fundamental Laws:

A

○ The Law of Rectilinear Propagation
○ The Law of Reflection
○ The Law of Refraction

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15
Q

Substance:
Vacuum
Air
Ice
Water
Ethyl alcohol
Crown glass
Light flint glass
Dense flint glass
Zircon
Diamond
Polycarbonate
CR-39
PMMA

A

1.0000
1.000
1.31
1.333
1.36
1.523
1.58
1.67
1.923
2.417
1.58
1.49
1.49

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16
Q

● Light waves are three dimensional
● Light waves vibrate in all planes around a center line

A

Electromagnetic Radiation Waves

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17
Q

-a disturbance that travels in a
hypothetical medium called ether

A

WAVE

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18
Q

wave whose particles of
the medium vibrate at right angle to the
direction in which the wave travels.

A

Transverse wave

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19
Q

transverse waves in which
the direction of vibration is at right angles
to the direction of propagation.

A

Wave motion

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20
Q

path of single corpuscle of light from a
single point on a light source

A

RAY

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21
Q

collection of divergent, convergent,
or parallel rays
a. Divergent pencil: rays leaving a
point on a source that travel away
from each other and do not cross at
any point
b. Convergent pencil: rays that are
aimed toward a single point on an
image or object
c. Parallel pencil: rays emitted by a
source at an infinite position.

A

PENCIL

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22
Q

a collection of divergent,
convergent, or parallel pencils arising from
an extended source.

A

BEAM OF LIGHT

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23
Q

● The vergence of pencil at any particular
position is the reciprocal of the distance
from the position to the luminous point or
the focus
● The unit of vergence is the diopter—the
vergence of a pencil one meter from a
luminous point or focus

A

VERGENCE

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24
Q

● The vergence of pencil at any particular
position is the reciprocal of the distance
from the position to the luminous point or
the focus
● The unit of vergence is the diopter—the
vergence of a pencil one meter from a
luminous point or focus

A

VERGENCE

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25
Q

● A special source of light of only one pure
color (wavelength)
● Cannot be broken up into other colors
● Can be focused to a very small spot and can
shine for long distances without spreading
out very much (unlike flashlight)
● The spot contains a lot of energy—so much
that some lasers can cut through thick metal
(and smaller ones are used as scalpels in

A

LASER

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26
Q

SOURCES OF LIGHT

A

According to its nature
-natural sources-cannot be controlled by man( example: sun)
-Artificial sources- can be controlled by man (example bulb)

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27
Q

SOURCES OF LIGHT

A

ACCORDING TO SIZE
-POINT SOURCE -INFINITELY SMALL
-EXTENDED SOURCE- HAS MEASURABLE AREA CONSISTINV OF INFINITE NUMBER OF POINT SOURCE.

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28
Q

Light travels very fast.

A

-Speef of light = 186,000 miles per second
-300,000 kilometers per second

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29
Q

● type of energy that travels
through the air and space
● have long wavelengths, which
means they can travel long
distances and pass through
things like walls part of the
electromagnetic spectrum
● The modern term “radio wave”
replaced the original name
Hertzian Wave around 1912

A

RADIO WAVE

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30
Q

● predicted that there should be
light with even longer
wavelengths than infrared light
● Early discovery of radio wave

A

JAMES CLERK MAXWELL -1867

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31
Q

● demonstrated the existence of
the waves predicted by Maxwell
by producing radio waves in his
laboratory.

A

HEINRICH HERTZ- 1887

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32
Q

● number of wave cycles that pass
a point in one second, measured
in hertz (Hz)

A

FREQUENCY

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33
Q

● distance between two
consecutive peaks of the wave

A

WAVELENGTH

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34
Q

The radio wave spectrum spans from
low frequencies around 3 kHz (kilohertz)
to high frequencies up to 300 GHz
(Gigahertz), with varying wavelengths.
Low-frequency waves are ideal for
long-distance communication, like AM
radio, as they can travel further and
penetrate buildings. High Frequency
waves, used in Wi-Fi and mobile phones,
are better for short-range
communication and carry more data.
This spectrum supports a variety of
technologies, each suited to
specific need

A

SPECTRUM OF RADIO WAVE

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35
Q

2 TYPES OF RADIO WAVE SIGNAL
.

A

ANALOG SIGNAL
DIGITAL SIGNAL

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36
Q

● -It consists of a continuous signal
which is analogous to some other
quantity. For instance, the signal
voltage varies with the pressure
of the sound waves.

A

ANALOG SIGNAL

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37
Q

● It consists of a signal which only
consists of discrete values

A

DIGITAL SIGNAL

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38
Q

RADIO WAVES TRAVEL THROUGH
DIFFERENT MEDIUMS

A

Air,space and water

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39
Q

radio waves move easily, making it
the most common medium for
communication

A

AIR

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40
Q

where there’s no air, radio
waves can travel long distances without
much interference.

A

SPACE

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41
Q

absorbs radio waves more than
air does, so special low-frequency radio
waves are used for underwater
communication

A

Water

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42
Q

● These are long-range waves and
are reflected by the ionosphere.

A

HIGH FREQUENCY RADIO WAVES

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43
Q

30kHz to 3MHz

A

LOW MEDIUM FREQUENCY

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44
Q

1.7 to 30 MHz

A

SHORTWAVE FREQUENCY

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45
Q

88 to 108 MHz

A

HIGHEST FREQUENCY RADIO WAVE

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46
Q

30 to 300GHz

A

EXTREMELY HIGH FREQUENCY OR
MILLIMETERS WAVES

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47
Q

Radio wave propagation occurs
primarily in three modes.

A

-Ground wave propagation
● Sky wave propagation
● Line-of-sight propagation

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48
Q

Is a range of frequencies, wavelengths
and photon energies covering

A

Electromagnetic spectrum

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49
Q

A form of energy that can move through
the vacuum of space.

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC waves

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50
Q

DIFFERENT PHENOMENA

A

REFLECTION
REFRACTION
Diffraction

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51
Q

DIFFERENT PHENOMENA

A

REFLECTION
REFRACTION
Diffraction

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52
Q

is a key phenomenon in radio
wave transmission where radio
waves bounce off objects or
surfaces, depending on their
shape and material. This can
cause signal loss, distortion, or
multipath effects as the reflected
waves interfere with the original
signal.

A

REFLECTION

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53
Q

radio waves change direction
when they pass through media
with different refractive indices,
altering their speed and bending
towards or away from the
boundary between the media.
This affects the propagation path
and signal strength.

A

REFRACTION

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54
Q

When radio waves encounter
obstacles or openings
comparable in size to their
wavelength, they bend around
the obstacles and spread out. The
extent of diffraction depends on
the wavelength and the size of
the obstacle or opening, leading
to complex wave patterns.

A

DIFFRACTION

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55
Q

Electromagnetic waves are
shown by a

A

Sinusoidal Group

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56
Q

Electromagnetic waves is

A

Transverse nature

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57
Q

Are a type of electromagnetic radiation
with wavelengths ranging from one
millimeter to one meter, falling between
radio waves and infrared light on the
electromagnetic spectrum.

A

MICROWAVE

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58
Q

In general, refers to waves of electric
and magnetic fields that propagate
through space, carrying energy.

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

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59
Q

1864, theorized
electromagnetic radiation,

A

James clerk Maxwell

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60
Q

until experiments in
1886 that microwaves were confirmed.

A

HEINRICH HERTZ-

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61
Q

● An American physicist and
electrical engineer who invented
the magnetron, a vacuum tube
that generates high-frequency
electromagnetic waves, including
microwaves

A

ALBERT WALLACE HULL

62
Q

an engineer at
Raytheon, accidentally discovered
that microwaves could heat food when
a chocolate bar melted in his pocket
during radar experiments. This led to
the invention of the microwave oven

A

1945 PERCY SPENCER

63
Q

★ have shorter
wavelengths and higher
frequencies than radio waves

A

Microwaves

64
Q

can penetrate
materials that are opaque to
visible light

A

Microwaves

65
Q

Type of Radars in Microwaves

A
  • Air Traffic Control
    ● Military Radar
    Microwaves have radiatio
66
Q

● is a type of electromagnetic
radiation that lies just beyond the
visible spectrum, with
wavelengths longer than visible
light but shorter than
microwaves.
● It is also referred to as heat or
thermal waves is a type of
electromagnetic wave. This is
because they have a heat
inducing property

A

INFRARED LIGHT

67
Q

Infrared waves are
than visible light

A

LONGER

68
Q

Infrared waves are
than radio waves

A

Shorter

69
Q

is invisible to the
human eye.

A

Infrared light

70
Q

● who discovered infrared

A

Freddrick willian Herschel 1880

71
Q

has numerous uses
and is vital to many different sectors. It
has applications in data networking,
telecommunications, astronomy,

meteorology, and thermal imaging.
Since infrared radiation plays a role in
climate change, it is significant.
Infrared radiation are absorbed and
emitted by greenhouse gasses, raising
the earth’s surface and atmospheric
temperature. We call this the
greenhouse effect.

A

USES OF INFRARED RADIATION

72
Q

Showed that the sun emits infrared light
by using a prism to refract light from
the sun and detected the infrared,
beyond the red part of the spectrum,
through an increase of the spectrum
recorded on a thermometer

A

COLORiFIC RAYS

73
Q

Types of Infrared

A

Near-Infrared Radiation
Mid-infrafred Radiation
Far-infrared Radiation

74
Q

Shortest infrared wavelength
(nearest the visible spectrum), with
wavelengths 0.78 to about 2.5
micrometers (a micrometer, or micron, is
10-6 meter)

A

Near - Infrared (NIR)

75
Q

with wavelengths 2.5 to
about 50 micrometers

A

Mid - Infrared (MIR)

76
Q

refers to a
specific range within the infrared
spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.

A

FAR INFRARED RADIATION (F.I.R)

77
Q

Five categories in infrared light

A

● Near-infrared.
● Short-wavelength infrared.
● Mid-infrared.
● Long-wavelength infrared.
● Far-infrared.

78
Q

has a wavelength
of 700 nm to 1,300 nm or 0.7 microns
to 1.3 micron

A

NEAR INFRARED

79
Q

has a frequency
of 215 THz to 400 THz

A

NEAR INFRARED (NIR)

80
Q
  • has a wavelength
    of 300 nm to 3,000 nm or 1.3 microns
    -to 3 micron has a frequency of
    20 THz to 215 THz
A

MID-INFRAFRED

81
Q

-has a wavelength
of 3,000 nm to 1 mm or 3 microns to
1,000 microns
-has a frequency of
0.3 THz to 20 THz

A

FAR-INFRARED

82
Q

-is the portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum that is
detectable by the human eye. It
consists of electromagnetic waves with
wavelengths ranging from
approximately 380 nanometers (nm) to
700 nm. Within this range, different
wavelengths correspond to different
colors that we perceive:

A

VISIBLE LIGHT

83
Q

-those beyond the range of human
vision. Interestingly, the majority of
light in the universe is actually invisible
to our eyes. The visible light we can see,
which includes the colors of the rainbow,
forms just a tiny fraction of the entire
electromagnetic spectrum. Beyond this
visible range are other forms of light,
such as radio waves, microwaves,
ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma
rays—all of which cannot be detected by
human sight. All forms of light, or
electromagnetic radiation, travel
through space at a speed of 186,000
miles per second.

A

The electromagnetic spectrum
encompasses all types of light, including

84
Q

involves phenomena like
reflection, refraction, dispersion,
diffraction, and interference, which
describe how light interacts with
different materials and surfaces.

A

Visible light in optics

85
Q

involves phenomena like
reflection, refraction, dispersion,
diffraction, and interference, which
describe how light interacts with
different materials and surfaces.

A

Visible light in optics

86
Q

Characteristics of Visible Light:

A

-wavelength
-color
-energy
-speed

87
Q

-shortest wavelength (400 nm),

A

VIOLET

88
Q

longest wavelength (700 nm),

A

RED

89
Q

Speed of visible light about:

A

299,792 km/s

90
Q

-between 400 to 750 terahertz (THz

A

FREQUENCY OF VISIBLE LIGHT

91
Q

-between 400 and 700 nanometers

A

Wavelength of visible light

92
Q

In the 1660s, English physicist and
mathematician. He demonstrated that clear
white light was composed of seven
visible colors.in a room with closed
shutters, he works with a small opening
to isolate a single ray of sunlight. In the
stream of light, he places a glass prism:
Via refraction, the light breaks down
into a rainbow of colors: Red, orange,
yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet. By
scientifically establishing our visible
spectrum (the colors we see in a
rainbow), Newton laid the path for
others to experiment with color in a
scientific manner. His work led to
breakthroughs in optics, physics,
chemistry, perception, and the study of
color in nature.

A

ISAAC NEWTON

93
Q

● type of
electromagnetic radiation with a
very short wavelength ranging
from 0.01 to 10 nanometers,
corresponding to frequencies in
the range 3 x 1019 Hz to 3x1016
Hz capable of penetrating
various materials.
● It is a very important diagnostic
tool for medical conditions like
bone fractures, pulmonary
tuberculosis, etc.

A

X-RAY

94
Q

German physicist_______ is
typically credited for the discovery of
X-rays in 1895.
● He named it X-Radiations to
signify an unknown type of
radiation.

A

Wilhelm RONTGEN

95
Q

World’s first x-ray Image
The first X-Ray image obtained was the?

A

hand of Wilhelm Rontgen’s wife, taken
on 22nd December, 1895.

96
Q

● X-rays are situated between
ultraviolet light and gamma rays
in the electromagnetic spectrum.
● X-rays are a type of
electromagnetic radiation, which
means they share the same
fundamental nature as visible
light, radio waves, and gamma
rays. However, they differ in their
wavelength and frequency.
X-rays have much shorter
wavelengths

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

97
Q

● X-rays are situated between
ultraviolet light and gamma rays
in the electromagnetic spectrum.
● X-rays are a type of
electromagnetic radiation, which
means they share the same
fundamental nature as visible
light, radio waves, and gamma
rays. However, they differ in their
wavelength and frequency.
X-rays have much shorter
wavelengths

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM

98
Q

-The most common method
of producing X-rays involves an X-ray
tube, a specialized device that
converts electrical energy into X-ray
radiation.

A

X-Ray tube

99
Q

● X-rays are generated when
high-speed electrons collide with
a metal target (typically
tungsten) in an X-ray tube.

A

PRODUCTION

100
Q

TYPES OF X-RAYS:

A

SOFT X-RAY
Hard X-ray

101
Q

Lower energy, used for medical
imaging.

A

SOFT X-RAY

102
Q

Higher energy, used for industrial
applications.

A

Hard x-ray

103
Q

Electrons are accelerated and then
decelerated abruptly when they hit a
target, releasing energy as X-rays.

A

● X-Ray Generation

104
Q

X-rays pass through the body and are
captured on film or digital detectors to
create an image

A

Imaging Process

105
Q

Absorption
Scattering

A

Interaction with Matter

106
Q

Denser materials (like
bones) absorb more X-rays, creating
contrast in images.

A

Absorption

107
Q

: X-rays can scatter when
they interact with matter, which can
lead to image blurring.

A

Scattering

108
Q

MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF X-RAY

A

Radiography
Computed Tomography (CT)
Mammography
Fluoroscopy

109
Q

medical doctor with specialized training to study medical conditions using human tissue, blood, pee and other body fluids

A

Pathologist

110
Q

● Chest X-rays: Used to diagnose
lung conditions like pneumonia or
tuberculosis.
● Bone X-rays: Detect fractures
and other bone abnormalities.

A

RADIOGRAPHY

111
Q

● Provides cross-sectional images
of the body for detailed
examination of organs and
tissues.

A

COMPUTED tomography

112
Q

● Specialized X-ray technique for
early detection of breast cancer

A

Mammography:

113
Q

● Real-time X-ray imaging used
during procedures like catheter
insertions and orthopedic
surgeries.

A

Fluoroscopy

114
Q
  • refers to the region of
    the electromagnetic spectrum between
    visible light and X-rays, with a
    wavelength falling between 400 and 10
    nanometers
A

ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT

115
Q

● UV light was first discovered by

  • 1801 when he discovered that
    invisible light rays darkened
    paper soaked in silver chloride
    faster than visible light
A

Johann William Ritter

116
Q

-are the most harmful and are
almost completely absorbed by
our atmosphere.

A

UV-C rays

117
Q

Different Types of UV Light

A

UV- A LIGHT
UV- B LIGHT
UV-C LIGHT

118
Q

● Commonly known as “Black
Light” Has the ability to cause
objects to emit fluorescence
● It has the longest wavelength,
and the least harmful 320-400
nm

A

UV -A LIGHT 320-400NM

119
Q

● Causing sunburns with prolonged
exposure may increase the risk of
skin cancer.
● About 95% 0f all UV-B light is
absorbed by the ozone in Earth’s
atmosphere

A

UV-B LIGHT 290-320 NM

120
Q

● Is extremely harmful and is
aljmost completely absorbed by
Earth’s atmosphere.
● Is commonly used as a
disinfectant in food, air and
water to kill microorganisms by
destroying their cells’ nucleic
acids.

A

UV-C LIGHT 100-290 Nm

121
Q

-Electromagnetic radiation is a special
kind of energy that travels in waves
through space. It is like a wave of
energy that can move without
needing anything else to carry it,
even in empty space.

A

GAMMA RAYS

122
Q

-Gamma rays have the shortest
wavelengths and highest frequencies
of all the radiation. They are produced
during nuclear reactions and can be
very harmful

A

GAMMA RADIATION

123
Q

● A French chemist and physicist,
discovered gamma radiation in
1900, while studying radiation
emitted from radium

A

PAUL VILLARD

124
Q

● Greater than 10¹⁸ Hertz (Hz) until
10²⁴ Hz

A

FREQUENCY

125
Q

● Generally less than 10 picometers
(pm), which is 10¯¹⁰ Nanometer
(nm) until 10¯¹⁵ nm. - The short
wavelength corresponds to their
high energy

A

Wavelengths

126
Q

-Gamma rays have the high
among all electromagnetic radiation,
typically exceeding 100 keV
(kilo-electron volts)

A

HIGH ENERGY

127
Q

As pure energy, gamma rays have no
mass or electrical charge

A

No Mass or Charge:

128
Q

-Like all electromagnetic waves, gamma
rays travel at the speed of light
(approximately 3 × 10⁸ meters per
second in a vacuum).

A

Speed of light

129
Q

Vacuum

A

1.0000

130
Q

Air

A

1.000

131
Q

Ice-
Water-
Ethyl alcohol -

A

1.31
1.333
1.36

132
Q

Crown glass
Light flint glass
Dense flint glass

A

1.523
1.58
1.67

133
Q

Zircon
Diamond
Polycarbonate
CR-39
PMMA

A

1.923
2.417
1.58
1.49
1.49

134
Q

States that in a homogeneous and
isotropic optical medium light travels
along a straight path.
| “Light travels in straight line as long as it is
not reflected, refracted or absorbed.”

A

LAW OF RECTILINEAR
PROPAGATION

135
Q

is the bouncing back of light

A

REFLECTION

136
Q

The law of reflection states that:
{ The incident ray, the reflected ray and
the normal all lie in the same plane
{ The angle of incidence = Angle of refraction

A

LAWS OF REFLECTION

137
Q

TYPES OF REFLECTION

A

Specular reflection
Diffuse reflection

138
Q

is the bending of light
- light is transmitted undergoing changes in directions and velocity

A

REFRACTION

139
Q

Laws of refraction state that:
{ The incident ray refracted ray, and the
normal to the interface of two media at
the point of incidence all lie on the
same plane.
{ The ratio of the sine of the angle of
incidence to the sine of the angle of
refraction is constant. This is also known as Snell’s law of refraction.

A

LAW OF REFRACTION

140
Q

transformation of light into some other form of
energy
- When a photon collides with an atom or
molecule, it can transfer its energy to the
particles, causing electronic transitions or
vibrations within the material. As a result, the
energy of the absorbed photon is transformed into internal energy of the material

A

ABSORPTION

141
Q

Light Encounter

A

Absorption
| Transmission
| Reflection

142
Q

decomposition of light into its constituent
elements by refraction through a medium whose surfaces are not parallel (prism)

A

DISPERSION

143
Q

the spreading of waves around obstacles
- slight bending of light around corners
- decomposition of light into its constituent elements through a hard, sharp objects

A

Diffraction

144
Q

the process of
restricting the
vibration directions
of the
electromagnetic
wave to only one
direction
- the most common
method of
polarization is the
use of a polaroid filter

A

POLARIZATION

145
Q

TYPES OF POLARIZATION

A

Linear
| Circular
| Elliptical

146
Q

TYPES OF POLARIZATION

A

Linear
| Circular
| Elliptical

147
Q

A body in which modifications of light always takes place

A

MEDIUM

148
Q

has the property of transmitting rays of light
through it and bodies situated beyond or behind
it can be distinctly seen
- Light passes freely through it with a minimum absorption and reflection
- Example: clear window pane

A

TRANSPARENT

149
Q

lets light pass through it but not all and a light
shadow is present
- Allows some light to pass through it but the light
cannot be clearly seen through
Example: frosted glass

A

TRANSLUCENT

150
Q

all of the rays of light incident on it are reflected
or absorbed, so that none traverses it
- If light is blocked by an object and a dark
shadow is cast
- Example: wood door

A

OPAQUE

Theoterical Optics (2 decks)

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