Prejudice: Social Identity Theory (Situational) Flashcards

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1
Q

What does this theory suggest brings about prejudice?

A

The presence of another group.

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2
Q

Define ‘social identity’.

A

A person’s sense of who they are based on their group membership.

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3
Q

Give 3 examples of social groups.

A

1) Social class
2) Gender
3) Ethnicity

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4
Q

What did Tajfel (1979) propose causes stereotyping?

A

The tendency to group things together.

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5
Q

Define ‘in-group’.

A

The group which we belong to.

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6
Q

Define ‘out-group’.

A

Groups that are different to our own.

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7
Q

What mentality leads to in and out groups?

A

The concept of ‘us’ and ‘them’.

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8
Q

How do in-groups enhance their self-esteem?

A

By seeking negative aspects of the out-groups.

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9
Q

Give an example of an in-group and out-group situation in prejudice.

A

The events of German with the Nazis and the Jews that lead to genocide.

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10
Q

Tajfel proposed that there are 3 cognitive processes involved in evaluating others as “us” and “them”, what are they?

A

1) Social categorisation
2) Social Identification
3) Social comparison

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11
Q

Briefly describe social categorisation.

A
  • We categorise humans in order to understand them and the social environment
  • Seeing yourself as part of a group due to shared traits and interests
  • We define appropriate behaviour by referencing the norms of groups we belong to
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12
Q

Briefly describe social identification.

A
  • We adopt the identity of the group we belong to through their norms and values by changing behaviour and appearance
  • Your self-esteem will become bound with the group membership
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13
Q

Briefly describe social comparison.

A
  • Viewing your in-group and superior and using group identity to compare yourself with outgroups
  • We find negative things about other groups to compare to maintain our self-esteem
  • This can lead to prejudice and discrimination of out-groups
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14
Q

Using the acronym ‘EACH’, evaluate 2 ‘evidence’ points.

A

P - Tajfel’s (1970) minimal groups study supports
E - Found that minimal groups of boys awarded their own group with points instead of sharing
E - Demonstrates that we have in-group favouritism
P - Wetherall’s (1982) study rejects
E - Found that Polynesian children were more generous to the out-group in comparison of attitudes with white children
E - This demonstrates there are cultural differences as some emphasise cooperation

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15
Q

Using the acronym ‘EACH’, evaluate a ‘how’ point.

A

P - Tajfel’s (1970) minimal groups study lacks generalisability
E - The sample used 14-15 year old school boys from Bristol
E - This cannot be generalised to groups of people who aren’t at school or are ages such as 40+ from different cultures

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