Prejudice And Discrimination Flashcards

1
Q

Prejudice meaning

A

Pre-judgement

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2
Q

Discrimination meaning

A

Acting on prejudice

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3
Q

Who came up with social identity theory?

A

Tajfel

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4
Q

what does social identity mean?

A

People tend to identify with their groups and will have negative views about other groups

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5
Q

Social categorization meaning

A

Seeing yourself a part of a group who share similarities

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6
Q

Social comparison meaning

A

Viewing your social identity as superior to theirs- leading to prejudice of out-groups

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7
Q

opposite to outgroups

A

In groups

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8
Q

Why does prejudice happen?

A

Inter group dynamics

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9
Q

Negatives of the social identity theory

A

Doesn’t think about individuals personality differences, sherif’s argument of realistic conflict theory explains conflict over human needs and resources

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10
Q

Positives of social identity theory

A

Explains sports teams hostility, Elliott’s eye color theory

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11
Q

What does realistic conflict theory state?

A

Suggests that prejudice arises where there is competition for resources between group

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12
Q

Who came up with realistic conflict theory and when?

A

Sherif - 1966

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13
Q

What is hostility the result of in the realistic conflict theory?

A

The competition causes people to do anything to deny the outgroup access to the resource

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14
Q

What did Gina Perry say about sherif’s first experiment?

A

It lacked credibility and reliability

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15
Q

What was the robber’s cave study?

A

Explores realistic conflict theory while looking at what causes groups to change behavior

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16
Q

What was the aim of Sherif’s study?

A

To find out what factors make two groups develop hostile relationships and to see how this can be reduced

17
Q

How was hostility measured in sherif’s study?

A

Observing the boys behavior and friendship patterns

18
Q

Sample of sherif’s study
\

A

22 ppts- all 11 year old boys who were selected by opportunity sampling and split into two groups

19
Q

What were the groups called in sherif’s study?

A

Eagles and rattlers

20
Q

Formation phase of sherif

A

Boys arrived on separate buses and had separate camps- unaware of other group. Group counselors observed for 12 hours a day and had no influence

21
Q

Friction phase of sherif

A

Inter group formation and prizes promised for winners. Name calling and flag burning took place

22
Q

Integration phase of sherif

A

Brought the boys together as they shared pizza and fixed a pipe

23
Q

Results of sherif

A

Sherif realized they needed very little encouragement to be competitive with name calling and flag burning. Friction was reduced by a group task and reward for all

24
Q

Conclusion of sherif

A

Although inter group conflict is inevitable, when competition is present, it can be reduced

25
Generalizability of sherif?
Only boys aged 11- all white Americans
26
Reliability of sherif
First study showed no results so it is questionable how much influence the counselors had
27
Application of sherif
Applied to school settings of bullying
28
Validity of sherif
Methods of tape recording and observation alongside realistic situations
29
Ethicality of sherif
No informed consent given as well as pushed to be hostile towards one another
30
What 3 strategies can reduce prejudice?
1. Feel what its like to be a victim (Elliot) 2. Work on common goals with others (sherif) 3. Increased social contact
31
What did unruly find (2002)
Ppts with a higher external locus were more prejudiced against homosexuality than those who were internal locus
32
How can we use social psychology to understand genocide?
Deliberately killing people in particular nations or ethnic groups
33
What is the key question?
Why does genocide happen?
34
What is an example of genocide?
The holocaust