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Social Psychology > Prejudice And Discrimination > Flashcards

Prejudice And Discrimination Flashcards

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1
Q

Prejudice meaning

A

Pre-judgement

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2
Q

Discrimination meaning

A

Acting on prejudice

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3
Q

Who came up with social identity theory?

A

Tajfel

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4
Q

what does social identity mean?

A

People tend to identify with their groups and will have negative views about other groups

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5
Q

Social categorization meaning

A

Seeing yourself a part of a group who share similarities

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6
Q

Social comparison meaning

A

Viewing your social identity as superior to theirs- leading to prejudice of out-groups

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7
Q

opposite to outgroups

A

In groups

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8
Q

Why does prejudice happen?

A

Inter group dynamics

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9
Q

Negatives of the social identity theory

A

Doesn’t think about individuals personality differences, sherif’s argument of realistic conflict theory explains conflict over human needs and resources

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10
Q

Positives of social identity theory

A

Explains sports teams hostility, Elliott’s eye color theory

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11
Q

What does realistic conflict theory state?

A

Suggests that prejudice arises where there is competition for resources between group

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12
Q

Who came up with realistic conflict theory and when?

A

Sherif - 1966

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13
Q

What is hostility the result of in the realistic conflict theory?

A

The competition causes people to do anything to deny the outgroup access to the resource

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14
Q

What did Gina Perry say about sherif’s first experiment?

A

It lacked credibility and reliability

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15
Q

What was the robber’s cave study?

A

Explores realistic conflict theory while looking at what causes groups to change behavior

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16
Q

What was the aim of Sherif’s study?

A

To find out what factors make two groups develop hostile relationships and to see how this can be reduced

17
Q

How was hostility measured in sherif’s study?

A

Observing the boys behavior and friendship patterns

18
Q

Sample of sherif’s study
\

A

22 ppts- all 11 year old boys who were selected by opportunity sampling and split into two groups

19
Q

What were the groups called in sherif’s study?

A

Eagles and rattlers

20
Q

Formation phase of sherif

A

Boys arrived on separate buses and had separate camps- unaware of other group. Group counselors observed for 12 hours a day and had no influence

21
Q

Friction phase of sherif

A

Inter group formation and prizes promised for winners. Name calling and flag burning took place

22
Q

Integration phase of sherif

A

Brought the boys together as they shared pizza and fixed a pipe

23
Q

Results of sherif

A

Sherif realized they needed very little encouragement to be competitive with name calling and flag burning. Friction was reduced by a group task and reward for all

24
Q

Conclusion of sherif

A

Although inter group conflict is inevitable, when competition is present, it can be reduced

25
Q

Generalizability of sherif?

A

Only boys aged 11- all white Americans

26
Q

Reliability of sherif

A

First study showed no results so it is questionable how much influence the counselors had

27
Q

Application of sherif

A

Applied to school settings of bullying

28
Q

Validity of sherif

A

Methods of tape recording and observation alongside realistic situations

29
Q

Ethicality of sherif

A

No informed consent given as well as pushed to be hostile towards one another

30
Q

What 3 strategies can reduce prejudice?

A
  1. Feel what its like to be a victim (Elliot)
  2. Work on common goals with others (sherif)
  3. Increased social contact
31
Q

What did unruly find (2002)

A

Ppts with a higher external locus were more prejudiced against homosexuality than those who were internal locus

32
Q

How can we use social psychology to understand genocide?

A

Deliberately killing people in particular nations or ethnic groups

33
Q

What is the key question?

A

Why does genocide happen?

34
Q

What is an example of genocide?

A

The holocaust

Social Psychology (9 decks)

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