Prejudice And Discrimination Flashcards
Prejudice meaning
Pre-judgement
Discrimination meaning
Acting on prejudice
Who came up with social identity theory?
Tajfel
what does social identity mean?
People tend to identify with their groups and will have negative views about other groups
Social categorization meaning
Seeing yourself a part of a group who share similarities
Social comparison meaning
Viewing your social identity as superior to theirs- leading to prejudice of out-groups
opposite to outgroups
In groups
Why does prejudice happen?
Inter group dynamics
Negatives of the social identity theory
Doesn’t think about individuals personality differences, sherif’s argument of realistic conflict theory explains conflict over human needs and resources
Positives of social identity theory
Explains sports teams hostility, Elliott’s eye color theory
What does realistic conflict theory state?
Suggests that prejudice arises where there is competition for resources between group
Who came up with realistic conflict theory and when?
Sherif - 1966
What is hostility the result of in the realistic conflict theory?
The competition causes people to do anything to deny the outgroup access to the resource
What did Gina Perry say about sherif’s first experiment?
It lacked credibility and reliability
What was the robber’s cave study?
Explores realistic conflict theory while looking at what causes groups to change behavior
What was the aim of Sherif’s study?
To find out what factors make two groups develop hostile relationships and to see how this can be reduced
How was hostility measured in sherif’s study?
Observing the boys behavior and friendship patterns
Sample of sherif’s study
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22 ppts- all 11 year old boys who were selected by opportunity sampling and split into two groups
What were the groups called in sherif’s study?
Eagles and rattlers
Formation phase of sherif
Boys arrived on separate buses and had separate camps- unaware of other group. Group counselors observed for 12 hours a day and had no influence
Friction phase of sherif
Inter group formation and prizes promised for winners. Name calling and flag burning took place
Integration phase of sherif
Brought the boys together as they shared pizza and fixed a pipe
Results of sherif
Sherif realized they needed very little encouragement to be competitive with name calling and flag burning. Friction was reduced by a group task and reward for all
Conclusion of sherif
Although inter group conflict is inevitable, when competition is present, it can be reduced
