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PSYCH2720 Final > Prejudice > Flashcards

Prejudice Flashcards

1
Q

stereotypes

definition

A

mental representations (schemas) about the attributes possessed by members of a group

cognitive component

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2
Q

prejudice

definition

A

negative attitude toward members of a group

affective component

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3
Q

discrimination

definition

A

differential negative treatment of people based on group membership

behavioural component

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4
Q

hostile sexism

definition

A

negative stereotypes of women

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5
Q

benevolent sexism

definition

A

positive stereotypes of women

still bad

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6
Q

blatant prejudice

definition

A

prejudice personally endorsed–person believes their group to be superior to others and publicly admits this

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7
Q

modern prejudice/racism

definition

A

acting unprejudiced outwardly, but inwardly maintaining prejudiced attitudes (aversive prejudice).
-> respond defensively (often with denial) when prejudiced actions/statements are pointed out
e.g., microaggression, denial of continued discrimination

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8
Q

in-group bias

definition

A

tendency to favour members of our own group and give them preference over people who belong to other groups.
out group mmebers are often seen as possessing negative traits and are often disliked

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9
Q

social identity theory for why prejudice develops

A

prejudice develops from the need to feel good about oneself

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10
Q

outgroup homogeneity effect

definition

A

tendency for people to overestimate the extent to which people in outgroups are alike (to other members of outgroup)

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11
Q

realistic group conflict theory

definition

A

prejudice develops as a result of perceived conflict over resources

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12
Q

meta-stereotype

definition

A

a person’s beliefs regarding the stereotype that out-group members hold about their group

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13
Q

cost of stereotypes

3 costs

A
  1. oversimplification–can lead to inaccuracies
  2. stereotypes distort information processing–perceviers look for information that confirms stereotype
  3. stereotypes can be self-percetuating
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14
Q

subtyping

definition

A

tendency for people to maintain their stereotype when faced with disconfirming evidence

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15
Q

cost of prejudice and stereotyping

4 costs

A
  1. material costs -> wage, haggeling
  2. self-fulfilling prophecies
  3. stereptype threats = fear of confirming other’s negative strereotypes about one’s own group hinders performance
  4. hesitancy to report prejudice
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16
Q

personal-group discrimination discrepancy

definition

A

tendency for people to report less personal discrimination than the average member of their group

17
Q

why does personal-group discrimination discrepancy occur?

3 reasons

A
  1. motivation to feel in control of life
  2. don’t want to be labeled as complainers
  3. justification for inaction
18
Q

ways to reduce prejudice

4 ways

A
  1. multiculturism -> inclusion of everyone while recognizing and valuing group differences
  2. role play/education
  3. contact hypothesis
  4. striving for antiracism
19
Q

requirements for contact hypothesis to work

4 conditions

A
  1. approximately equal in status
  2. involved in cooperative behaviour
  3. contact supported by legitimate authorities
  4. contact must be intimate
20
Q

ultimate attribution error

definition

A

tendency to make dispositional (internal) attributions about an entire group of people

21
Q

mutual dependence

definition

A

situation in which 2/+ groups need each other and must depend on each other to accomplish a goal that is important to both groups

22
Q

injuctification

definition

A

motivated tendency to see the status quo as the most desireable state of affairs

23
Q

social identity threat

definition

A

apprehension experienced by members of a minority group that they might behave in a manner that confirms an existing cutlureal stereotype

24
Q

extended contact hypothesis

definition

A

mere knowlege that a member f one’s own group has a close relationship with a member of another group can reduce one’s prejudice toward that group

PSYCH2720 Final (5 decks)

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