Attractive and Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

propinquity effect

definition

A

the more we see and interact with people, the more likely they are to become our friends

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2
Q

mere exposure effect

definition

A

more exposure we have to a stimulus, the more apt we are to like it

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3
Q

similarity (in attraction)

definition

A

attraction to people who are like us

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4
Q

matching hypothesis

definition

A

people of approximately equal levels of physical attractiveness (and values) tend to seek each other as mates

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5
Q

reciprocal liking

definition

A

when you like someone and that person also likes you

but not id you like everybody else

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6
Q

what is beautiful is good effect

definition

A

perception that people who are physically attractive possess other positive traits as well

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7
Q

physical attributes (attractive) in both gender

what do both men and females find attractive?

A

nice smiles, eyes, hair
face symmetry

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8
Q

what facial features make a man attractive?

A

prominent cheeckbone and jawline
large chin

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9
Q

what facial features make a women attractive?

A

large eyes
prominent cheekbones
baby face

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10
Q

misattribution of arousal

definition

A

process whereby people make mistaken interferneces about what is causing them to feel the way they do

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11
Q

social compensation hypothesis

definition

A

online friendships are more likely to be formed by lonely introverted people who lack social skills to form relationships in person

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12
Q

social enhancement hypothesis

definition

A

people who are extroverted and have good social skills use the internet as another way of acquiring even more friends

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13
Q

companionate love

definition

A

feelings of intimacy and affection we feel toward someone with whom our lives are deeply intertwined

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14
Q

passionate love

definition

A

feeling of intence longing, accompanied by physiological arousal, we feel for another person

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15
Q

Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love

A
  1. passion = intence physical and sexual desire
  2. intimacy = warmth, closeness, validated, understood
  3. commitment = decision to love someone and motivated to maintain relationship
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16
Q

attachment theory

definition

A

theory that our behavour in adult relationships is baed on our experiences as infants with our parents/caregivers

17
Q

secure attachment style

definition

A

characterized by trust, lack of concern with being abandoned, and view that one is worthy of love

caregiver responsive to their needs and show positive emotions

18
Q

avoidant attachment style

definition

A

characterized by a suppression of attachment needs because attempts to be intimate have been rebuffed
-> unconfortable getting close to others

caregiver aloop and distant

19
Q

Anxious/ambivalent attachment style

definition

A

characterized by a concern that others will not recipricate one’s desire for intimacy, and then higher than average levels of anxiety
-> uncertain of worthiness of love

caregiver inconsistent and overbearing in their affection

20
Q

social exchange theory (relationships)

definition

A

thoery that people feel about a relationship depends on their perceptions of the rewards and costs of the relaitonship, the kind of relationship they deserve, and the probability that they could have a better relationship with someone else

21
Q

reward/cost ratio

definition

A

notion that there’s a balance between the rewards from maintaining the relationship and the cost of maintaining the relationship

22
Q

comparison level

definition

A

people’s expectations about the levels of rewards and cost they deserve in a relationship

23
Q

comparison level of alternatives

definition

A

people’s expectations about the levels of rewards and cost they would receive in an alternative relationship

24
Q

“fatal” attraction

definition

A

qualities originally seen as positive, now seen in a negative light

25
Q

investment model of commitment

definition

A

theory that people’s commitment to a relationship depends on their satisfaction with the relationship in terms of
- rewards, costs, and comparison level
- comparison levels of alternatives
- how much have been invested in the relationship

26
Q

equity theory

definition

A

theory that people are happiest with relationships in which the rewards and costs that a person epxedriences and the contributions they make to the relationship are roughly equal to the rewards, costs, and contribution of the other person

27
Q

exchange relationships

definition

A

governed by the need for equity (e.g., compatible reward.cost ratio)

28
Q

communal relationships

definition

A

primary concern is being responsive to the other person’s needs

29
Q

Gottman and Levenson (1992) “the 4 horsemen of the apocalypse”

definition

A
  1. critisism
  2. defensiveness
  3. stonewalling (resistance to dealing with problem)
  4. contempt
30
Q

factors in relationship maintenance

5 factors

A
  1. positive illlusions (idealization)
  2. willingness to sacrifice and compromise
  3. apologizing and forgiving
  4. play/new activities
  5. 5:1 ratio of positive to negative experiences