Prejudice 1.1.5+.7 Culture Flashcards
Define ‘culture’.
The norms and values of a group of people and the way they live.
Define ‘social norms’.
Behav thats acceptable in a group
Give 2 pieces of evidence to support differing social norms as a reason for prejudice.
P - Minard’s (1952) research supports
E - He found that 80 white American miners had friendly relations towards black miners below ground compared to 20 above ground
E - Therefore demonstrating that social norms of prejudice towards certain groups can change
P - Rogers and Frantz’s (1961) research supports
E - They found that immigrants in Zimbabwe became more prejudice towards the black population the longer they stayed in the country
E - Therefore demonstrating that social norms can be assimilated and affect prejudice
Define ‘multiculturalism’.
Multiple cultures living in one area
Define ‘assimilation’.
Adopting someone else’s culture as ones own
Give a piece of evidence to support multiculturalism as a reason for prejudice.
P - Guimond’s (2012) research supports multiculturalism affecting prejudice
E - He found that cultures involving MC were pro-diversity and cultures involving AS were more prejudice with the lowest level of prejudice found in Canada (MC) and highest level of prejudice found in Germany (AS)
E - This demonstrates that cultures who are multicultural are less prejudice than those that aren’t
Define ‘collectivist’.
Believing in helping the community and working together.
Define ‘individualist’.
Looking out for yourself and being more independent.
Give a piece of evidence to support collectivism as a reason for prejudice.
P - Kleugel (1990) supports collectivism affecting prejudice
E - Found that collectivism is associated with greater tolerance and lower racism which
E - This suggests that collectivist cultures are less likely to show prejudice
Give a piece of evidence to reject collectivism as a reason for prejudice.
P - Al-Zahrani and Kaplowitz’s (1993) research rejects individualism affecting prejudice
E - They found that Saudi people (a collectivist culture) reported more in-group favoritism and negative out-group bias than American people (an individualistic culture)
E - This therefore suggests that collectivism increases prejudice instead of lowers it
Evaluate a strength of this explanation of prejudice.
1) Holistic as it looks at wider issues unlike narrow personality theories, therefore findings are more credible
2) The recognition of some cultures being more prejudice than others may cause them to change their norms and values to a more positive view to avoid hate
Evaluate a weakness of this explanation of prejudice.
P - Potentially unethical
E - Suggesting some cultures are more prejudice than others can have negative repercussions
E - Consequences of these can compromise the image of a certain culture, leading to more prejudice
