Obedience 1.1.3+.7 Developmental- Culture Flashcards
Define ‘culture’.
> The ideas,customs and social behav of particular group/society.
Note:Doens’t refer to people,just to their shared positions
Define ‘individualist cultures’.
Value personal, autonomy, + self-reliance.
Less obedient
Define ‘collectivist cultures’.
Value loyalty, interdependence + cooperation in pursuit of goals; ‘we’
More obedient
List 2 pieces of research that support culture affecting obedience.
> Kilham and Mann(1974) + Edwards(1969)
P- Supports
E-Kilham and Mann (1974) replicated Milgram’s n found the lowest obedience rating of pp administering 450V as 28%; Australia (individualist culture).
Edwards (1969) found high obedience rating of 87.5% in South africa (collectivist cuture)
E- Strength, provides evidence for culture diffs affecting obedience.Australia’s low obedience rate is indicative of ppts having a cultural norm of not respecting authority, as found in individualit cultures. Whereas, Africa’s high obedience rating is indicative of a cultural norm of respecting authority, as found in collectivist cultures.
> Schurz(1985)
P- Supports
E-Replicated Milgram’s in Austria, gave pps bursts of ultrasound instead of shocks n were told it’d hurt.
E- Found 80% obedience rate which shows higher obedience in collectivist cultures compared to og Milgram’s which was conducted in America (individualist cultures).
List 2 pieces of research that reject culture affecting obedience.
Triandis (1994) study rejects
E - Reported that in countries governed by dictators (such as Nazi Germany) have high levels of obedience
E - And so it may not be the culture itself that affects obedience, but the situation people find themselves in that affects it more
> Milgram og(1963) and variation 8
P-Rejects
E-Found that 65% of og American male and exp 8 female ppt administered 450V final shock
E-Strength, shows that individualist cultures can have high levels of obedience too, so there is no significant effects
What can we conclude about obedience and culture?
> Some research suggests diff levels of obedience across diff cultures, but may be due to situation> culture, so other factors eg personality + situations may affect obedience displayed
List 2 general strengths of testing culture and obedience.
1) Standardised procedures allow for mass replication to compare against other cultures
2)Lab experiments have high control of EVs to establish cause-and-effect of diff cultures, causing diff rates of obedience
List 3 general weaknesses of testing culture and obedience.
1)Low eco val due to lab conditions, may incr demand characteristics and behaviours not reflective of ppts obedience within their own culture eg individualist or collectivist
2)Low mundane realism due to exps being operationalised eg Milgram’s voltage shocks, doesn’t reflect real life obedience g completing hwk
3)Ignores individual diffs that may make some more obedient than others eg, family, location, free will
