Prehistoric- Paleolithic

Question 1

Give the three eras that occurred during the stone age.

Answer 1

Paleolithic- 30,000-10,000 BC
Mesolithic or Archaic 10,000-8,000 BC
Neolithic- 8,000-3,000 BC

Question 2

Give the three time periods that occurred during that prehistoric times.

Answer 2

Stone Age- 30,000-3,000 BC
Bronze Age- 2,300 BC
Iron Age- 1,200 BC

Question 3

Where does the word Paleolithic come from?

Answer 3

Paleos - Greek meaning Old

Litho- Greek meaning stone.

Question 4

Paleolithic age is also known as?

Answer 4

The age of chipped stone

Question 5

It was the longest phase of human history, with its most outstanding feature was the development of the human species, what human species are these?

Answer 5

Old stone age- Homo Sapiens

Question 6

Paleolithic age is also the age of what?

Answer 6

It was also known as ice age.

Question 7

Describe the Paleolithic people.

Answer 7

They were nomadic hunters and gatherers who sheltered communally. Culture identified by distinctive stone tool industries.

Question 8

What were the materials used during the Paleolithic age?

Answer 8

Stone
Shell
Ivory

Question 9

These were the things that the Paleolithic people gave emphasis on.

Answer 9

Animals
Hunting
Women and Fertility

Question 10

Where did the Paleolithic people live in and what did they use?

Answer 10

Caves, tents (animal skin)

huts (mud, stone, and bone)

Question 11

The two kinds of art produced during the Paleolithic age.

Answer 11

Portable art- small figurines or decorated objects out of bone, stone or modeled in clay.

Cave art- mural art; consists of engraved or painted works on open air rocks on the floor, walls and ceilings of caves, some of them in deep and almost inaccessible crannies.

Question 12

What were the subject matter during the Paleolithic age?

Answer 12

Figurative- Mostly animals (bosons, horses, deer, mammoth, mastodons, aurochs) drawn in profile, human figures are scarce.

Non-figurative- signs and symbols, markings ranging from single dots to linear marks.

Question 13

Give the technique or methods and Medias used for Portable art, during the Paleolithic age.

Answer 13

Technique/ Method

• boring holes
• carving
• modeling
• engraving

Media

• teeth
• shells
• bones
• ivory
• flat stones
• antler’s horns
• clay
• wood

Question 14

Give and describe the three types of portable art during the Paleolithic age.

Answer 14

Statuettes- 3D objects cut out from soft stone or other materials (antler, mammoth’s tusk) (venus of Willendorf, Austria)

Flat objects- with engravings and paintings.

Small relief sculptures- in caves, grottoes and under natural roofs.

Question 15

What are the significance of the Venuses?

Answer 15

• used as a ritual or symbolic function
• seen as religious figures
• an expression of health and fertility
• grandmother goddesses
• self- depictions by female artists

Question 16

Give the methods and media used for cave art.

Answer 16

Media

• iron oxide (red)
• Ochre (yellow)
• Manganese and Charcoal (black)
• animal fat and plant oil (binder)
• talc

Method

• finger/animal hair brush
• finger-pressed marks
• incorporating contours of rock formations
• engravings
• low and high relief sculptures
• stencils using mouth or tubes

Question 17

Give five characteristics of cave art or paintings.

Answer 17

Show a full range of colors but with no clear background.

Silhouette of some animals were incised in the rock first.

Concerned with either food (hunting scenes, animal carvings) or fertility (Venuses).

Animals (bison, horses, aurochs, deer, etc) in expressive features constitute the majority of images.

Attempts to gain some sort of contril over their environment, whether by magic or ritual.

Question 18

It is the total number of decorated sites found all over the world.

Answer 18

400 plus

Question 19

Where are some of the places where you can see cave arts?

Answer 19

France
Spain
Portugal
England
Italy
Romania
Germania
Russia
Indonesia

Question 20

Give the seven famous cave art sites.

Answer 20

Chauvet Cave, near Vallon-Pont-d’Arc, France

Lascaux, France

Altamira, near Santillana del Mar, Cantabria, Spain

La Marche, near Lussac-les-Chateaux, France

Cosquer Cave, near Marseille, France

Font de Gaume, in the DordogneValley in France

Creswell Crags, Nottinghanshire, England

Question 21

Located near the Vallon-Pont-d’Arc in the Ardeche region of Sounthern France, it is named after Jean-Marie Chauvet, who discovered it on December 18, 1994, together with Christian Hillaire and Eliette Brunel- Deschamps.

Answer 21

Chauvet Cave, France (32,000- 30,000 BC)

Question 22

Give 3 facts about the Chauvet Cave in France

Answer 22

Contains the world’s oldest rock art ever found and has one of the most extensive Paleolithic rock art galleries ever recorded.

Human occupation in 2 distinct periods: Aurignacian (32,000- 30,000 BC) and Gravettian (27,000- 25,000 BC)

The cave is extensive, about 400 meters longs, with vast chambers.

Question 23

Give five artistic features on Chauvet Cave Art

Answer 23

The most spectacular images are the Horse Panel and the Panel of Lions and Rhinos.

Keen observation and strong outline

Vivid and lifelike rendering of figures.

Shows power and expressiveness in the painting

Depiction shows the self assurance and refinement of the artisits/

Question 24

Give three art works found in the Chauvet Cave

Answer 24

Hand stencil

Panel of Horses

Chauvet Venus

Question 25

give the 4 teenagers who discovered Lascaux, France. 15,000-13,000 BC

Answer 25

Marcel Ravidat, Jacques Marsal, Georges Agnel, Simon Coencas.

Question 26

Give three facts about Lascaux.

Answer 26

Contains nearly 2,000 figures mostly images of large animals also geometric figures.

Complex of caves in southwestern France (near Montignac Village)

Showed line Flexibility and expressiveness as seen in movement of hunt and animal qualities.

Question 27

give five art works from Lascaux Cave paintings

Answer 27

Great hall of bulls

Bisons and horses painted gallery

Panel of the fallen cow

Panel of back to back bisons

Dead man’s shaft

Question 28

Where is Altamira, Spain located?

Answer 28

Monte Visperes, Spain, occupied by humans in 2 distinct periods, Solutrean (18,500 BC) and Nagdalenian (16,000 - 14,000 BC)

Question 29

Give three facts about Altamira, Spain.

Answer 29

The cave is 270 meters long, consists of series of twisting passages and chambers. The main passage varies from 2 to 6 meters high

Has the best cave paintings, executed in magnificent, vivid polychromes of red, black and violet tones, and showing accuracy of physical proportions of depicted animals.

Includes the renowned “Ceiling of Polychromes” (Sistine Chapel of the Paleolithic Age)

Question 30

What are the significance of Cave Art?

Answer 30

started the tradition of decorating walls and ceilings with spiritual meanings.

Captured the style and subject matter of our ancestor’s early artistic work.

Cave art were the precursor of religious architecture, they may have functioned like churches or temples.