Pregnancy Wellness Flashcards
When does organogenesis occur during pregnancy?
56 days from fertilization or the first 10 weeks
When is neurotube defect most likely to form?
First 8 weeks
When does nausea and vomiting most commonly occur?
6-16 weeks
How often does hyperemesis gravidarum occur in pregnant women?
1%
Which medications can be used for breakthrough control of N & V?
dimenhydrinate, pyridoxine, ginger root
Which medication used in N&V can increase uterine activity?
Dimenhydrinate - caution use in late pregnancy
What other prescription medications are used for N & V?
Chlorpromazine, metoclopramide, ondansetron
What N&V product cannot be used in pregnancy?
Scopolamine
What are the symptoms of pregnancy itch?
itching that’s worse at night, dark urine, yellow eyes/skin, light coloured feces
What are the risk factors of pregnancy itch?
Pregnant with twins, pregnant via IVF, previous history, family history, history of liver problems
What is the treatment for pregnancy itch?
Ursodeoxycholic acid (Rx) - fewer pre-term births or topical OTC corticosteroid cream
Striae Gravidarum risk factors
young maternal age, high infant birthweight, excessive maternal weight gain, family history
T or F. Acetaminophen is completely safe in pregnancy.
False. Caution in patients with pre-eclampsia, there is a increased risk of pre-term birth.
Drug of choice in heart burn?
Calcium carbonate. Tums
What is the recommended daily intake of caffeine?
300mg/d = 2 cups
Too much caffeine can be harmful to the fetus. T or F.
False. No evidence to support that claim
Which pregnancy supplement’s zinc content is below the RDI?
Materna at 7.5mg (RDI is 15mg)
Which supplement contains no vitamin A?
PregVit Folic 5
What are the risk factors for neurotube defect?
Previous child with NTD, Relative with NTD, Maternal diabetes or T1DM, Folic acid antagonist (methotrexate), Epilepsy with valporic acid of carbamazepine for seizure control
Which patients will require 5mg folic acid supplementation instead of 1mg?
Patients with epilepsy, T1DM, BMI >35, family history of NTD, Sikh ethnicity, poor medication adherence, poor diet, inconsistent birth control, alcohol or substance abuse, smoking
What is the regimen for folic acid supplementation in a normal patient?
0.4mg-1.0mg/day starting at least 2 months before conception and continuing until finished breastfeeding
What is the regimen for folic acid supplementation in patients requiring 5mg?
5mg/d starting at least 3 months before conception and continue for 10-12 weeks post-conception, then switch to 1.0mg/day until finished breast feeding
Name some sources of folic acid in the diet
spinach, chickpeas, broccoli, asparagus, fortified grains, lentils, peas, brussel sprouts, oranges
Vitamin A supplementation is recommended in which patients?
In areas of endemic vitamin A deficiency and HIV+ women
What is the recommended dose of vitamin A? Does materna or PregVit meet this recommendation?
5000-10,000 IU/d - Materna contains only 1000IU while PregVit contains none
How does calcium benefit pregnancy?
Reduces risk of HTN, risk of eclampsia, reduces overall composite outcome
Which vitamin or mineral is associated with increasing the risk of HELLP syndrome?
Calcium
What is suggested intake of iron?
27mg from diet
Who can benefit from zinc supplementation?
Women with low income - reduced risk of pre-term birth when supplemented with 15mg of zinc
What is the recommended calcium intake for pregnant women ages 14-18?
1300mg
What is the recommended calcium intake for pregnant women ages 19-50?
1000mg
What is the recommended vitamin D intake for pregnant women?
600IU
