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Phar 461 > Contraception > Flashcards

Contraception Flashcards

1
Q

What is the average pregnancy rate?

A

85%

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2
Q

What is the most used contraception method?

A

Male Condom 54%

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3
Q

Why are oil based lubricants not recommended?

A

They destroy latex products and provides a breeding ground for bacteria growth inside the vagina.

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4
Q

What are the ingredients for water based lubricants?

A
  • Glycerin or hydroxyethyl cellulose
  • aloe vera/vitamin E
  • pH balancing agent
  • preservative
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5
Q

Which lubricant can be used under water?

A

Silicon based

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6
Q

Which lubricant may require more frequent application?

A

Water-based because it tends to dry out

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7
Q

T or F. Not all silicon products are compatible with latex.

A

True

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8
Q

T or F. Vaginal creams are safe to use with latex condoms.

A

False. Need to wait 3 days before using latex products.

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9
Q

T or F. Spermicides are considered a barrier method.

A

True

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10
Q

What is the failure rate for spermicides?

A

18-29%

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11
Q

What is the MOA of spermicides?

A

Spermicides act as surfactants that destroy the sperm cell membrane by altering the lipid layer causing it to become permeable and swell and break.

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12
Q

What is the minimum effective dose for spermicides?

A

100mg Nonoxynol-9

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13
Q

What is ContraGel Green?

A

Marketed as natural alternative to N-9 spermicides; contains lactic acid which reduces pH of vagina and thereby reducing sperm motility

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14
Q

Douching is not recommended due to it’s association with…

A 
Vaginal irritation
Bacterial vaginosis
STI
PID
poor reproductive outcomes
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15
Q

Risk of pregnancy is higher in latex or polyurethane condoms?

A

Polyurethane condoms so latex is more effective at preventing pregnancies

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16
Q

Polyisoprene is better than polyurethane in what ways?

A

More resistant to breakage, less noisy

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17
Q

Which of the newer condoms is similar to latex in terms of cost and preventing pregnancy and STI?

A

Polyisoprene

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18
Q

Why are lamb skin condoms no longer recommended?

A

Small pores on the lamb skin allows viruses to pass through so they have no protection against STI

19
Q

What is the material used to make 1st generation female condom, and what’s the material for 2nd gen?

A

Polyurethane is used in 1st generation and nitrile rubber is used in 2nd generation

20
Q

T or F. Female condoms deteriorate when exposed to oil-based products.

A

False

21
Q

Which contraceptive method is most effective against HIV infections?

A

Male condoms

22
Q

When should a diaphragm/cervical cap be inserted before sex?

A

30 minutes before

23
Q

How much spermicide should be applied to diaphragm and how much to caps?

A

1 tsp (5mL) to diaphragm and 1/4 tsp to caps

24
Q

How long can a diaphragm be kept inside?

A

24 hours after insertion

25
Q

How long should a diaphragm/cap be kept on before removal?

A

6-8 hours after intercourse

26
Q

Which contraceptive method is most associated with Toxic Shock Syndrome?

A

Diaphragm and caps

27
Q

T or F. Caps and diaphragms have similar failure rates.

A

False, caps have higher failure rates

28
Q

What is the current abortion rate among women ages 15-44?

A

12-16 per 1000 women

29
Q

Which ingredient in water-based lubricants can exacerbate yeast infections?

A

Glycerin

30
Q

ContraGel Green is compatible with latex, silicone and polyurethrane devices and should not be used on its own. T or F

A

True

31
Q

Spermicides are not safe to use when menstruating. T or F

A

False, it’s safe to use when menstruating

32
Q

Spermicides lose their effectiveness in ____ and should be reapplied if intercourse has not occurred.

A

30-60 minutes

33
Q

Polyurethrane condoms are compatible with oil-based lubricants. T or F

A

True

34
Q

The cervical cap should not be used by women who have:

A
  • abnormally shaped cervix
  • history of recurrent PID
  • cervicitis
  • abnormal Pap smears
35
Q

Which Cap size is for women who were pregnant before but not vaginal delivery? 22mm, 26mm, 30mm?

A

26mm

36
Q

How can a woman reduce the risk of UTI when using a diaphragm or cap?

A

Empty bladder before insertion

37
Q

Caps cannot be used during menstruation while with diaphragm, it’s not recommended.

A

Yes

38
Q

What material is contraceptive sponge made of?

A

Polyurethane

39
Q

Which 2 contraceptives cannot be used during menstruation?

A

Contraceptive sponge and caps

40
Q

Contraceptive Sponge can provide continuous protection for ___ to ___ hours.

A

12 to 24 hours

41
Q

How much spermicide is contained in a contraceptive sponge?

A

1000mg nonoxynol-9

42
Q

Laparoscopic surgery

A

fallopian tubes are cut, tied or cauterized

43
Q

Transcervical sterilization

A

chemical, mechanical or thermal means to occlude the fallopian tubes - effective in 3-6 months

Phar 461 (5 decks)

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