Pregnancy, Newborn and Abdomen Flashcards
changes occur in pregnant women primarily because of ________ changes
hormonal
List changes to a pregnant women’s skin, hair, and nails
- excessive oiliness or dryness of scalp
- increased growth of hair and nails
- acne vulgaris
- darkening areola and nipples, axillae and perineum
- hyperpigmentation: linea nigra, dark line extending from umbilicus to mons pubis
- chloasma, mask of pregnancy and darkening of facial hair skin
- hirsutism of face, abdomen and back
List changes to a pregnant woman’s mouth, throat, and sinuses
- gingival bleeding and hypertrophy
- vocal changes due to edema of larynx
- nasal stuffiness
- epistaxis due to estrogen induced edema
increased estrogen = ?
increased H20 retention
List changes to pregnant women’s breast
- tingling and tenderness
- hyperpigmentation
- enlargement of Montgomery tubercles
- prominence of superficial veins
- development of striae (stretch marks)
- expression of colostrum in 2nd and 3rd trimester
List changes to pregnant women’s abdomen
- lower pelvic discomfort
- frequent urination
- constipation
- heartburns
- gestational diabetes
List changes to pregnant women’s heart, lungs and peripheral vascular system
- increased heart rate (10-15 bpm)
- increased cardiac output and cardiac size
- feeling dizzy and lightheaded
- edema in lower extremities and varicosities
- shortness of breath (last trimester)
List changes to pregnant women’s musculoskeletal and neurological system
- gradual lordosis
- waddling gait
- pain or tingling feeling in thighs
- leg cramps
- dizzy and lightheaded
describes a child from birth to 28 days old
newborn or neonate
refers to a child between ages 28 days old to 1 year old
infant
white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of the fetus
vernix caseosa
soft, fine hair covering a fetus while inside the uterus
lanugo
closes at 12-18 months
anterior fontanelle
closes at 2 motnhs
posterior fontanelle
newborns have an average of how many breathe per minute
30-60
average pulse rate of a newborn
120-160 bpm
a newborns skin should appear what color
pink
the heart sounds of a newborn is very audible due to what
thin subcutaneous tissue
how old is a newborn for them to have almost NO head lag, may push up to prone position
3-4 months
how old is a newborn for them to roll from front to back
5-6 months
how old is a newborn for them to sit unsupported
6-7 months
how old is a newborn for them to start cruising
10 months
how old is a newborn for them to walk when handheld
12 months
how old when newborn has grasp reflex
at birth
