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HA > Pregnancy, Newborn and Abdomen > Flashcards

Pregnancy, Newborn and Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

changes occur in pregnant women primarily because of ________ changes

A

hormonal

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2
Q

List changes to a pregnant women’s skin, hair, and nails

A
  • excessive oiliness or dryness of scalp
  • increased growth of hair and nails
  • acne vulgaris
  • darkening areola and nipples, axillae and perineum
  • hyperpigmentation: linea nigra, dark line extending from umbilicus to mons pubis
  • chloasma, mask of pregnancy and darkening of facial hair skin
  • hirsutism of face, abdomen and back
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3
Q

List changes to a pregnant woman’s mouth, throat, and sinuses

A
  • gingival bleeding and hypertrophy
  • vocal changes due to edema of larynx
  • nasal stuffiness
  • epistaxis due to estrogen induced edema
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4
Q

increased estrogen = ?

A

increased H20 retention

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5
Q

List changes to pregnant women’s breast

A
  • tingling and tenderness
  • hyperpigmentation
  • enlargement of Montgomery tubercles
  • prominence of superficial veins
  • development of striae (stretch marks)
  • expression of colostrum in 2nd and 3rd trimester
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6
Q

List changes to pregnant women’s abdomen

A
  • lower pelvic discomfort
  • frequent urination
  • constipation
  • heartburns
  • gestational diabetes
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7
Q

List changes to pregnant women’s heart, lungs and peripheral vascular system

A
  • increased heart rate (10-15 bpm)
  • increased cardiac output and cardiac size
  • feeling dizzy and lightheaded
  • edema in lower extremities and varicosities
  • shortness of breath (last trimester)
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8
Q

List changes to pregnant women’s musculoskeletal and neurological system

A
  • gradual lordosis
  • waddling gait
  • pain or tingling feeling in thighs
  • leg cramps
  • dizzy and lightheaded
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9
Q

describes a child from birth to 28 days old

A

newborn or neonate

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10
Q

refers to a child between ages 28 days old to 1 year old

A

infant

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11
Q

white, creamy, naturally occurring biofilm covering the skin of the fetus

A

vernix caseosa

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12
Q

soft, fine hair covering a fetus while inside the uterus

A

lanugo

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13
Q

closes at 12-18 months

A

anterior fontanelle

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14
Q

closes at 2 motnhs

A

posterior fontanelle

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15
Q

newborns have an average of how many breathe per minute

A

30-60

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16
Q

average pulse rate of a newborn

A

120-160 bpm

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17
Q

a newborns skin should appear what color

A

pink

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18
Q

the heart sounds of a newborn is very audible due to what

A

thin subcutaneous tissue

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19
Q

how old is a newborn for them to have almost NO head lag, may push up to prone position

A

3-4 months

20
Q

how old is a newborn for them to roll from front to back

A

5-6 months

21
Q

how old is a newborn for them to sit unsupported

A

6-7 months

22
Q

how old is a newborn for them to start cruising

A

10 months

23
Q

how old is a newborn for them to walk when handheld

A

12 months

24
Q

how old when newborn has grasp reflex

A

at birth

25
Q

how old when newborn has their grasp reflex fade away

A

3 months

26
Q

how old when newborn can grasp voluntarily

A

5-6 months

27
Q

how old when newborn can hand to hand transfer

A

7 months

28
Q

how old when newborn can pincer grasp

A

9 months

29
Q

how old when newborn can do 2 block tower ENG

A

12 months

30
Q

average weight of a newborn

A

between 2500-4000 grams

31
Q

average length of a newborn

A

44-55 cm

32
Q

average head circumference of a newborn

A

33-35.5 cm

33
Q

average chest circumference of a newborn

A

29-34 cm

34
Q

newborn will move their hear toward the stimulated area and open the mouth

what reflex is this

A

rooting reflex

35
Q

The newborn’s grasp should be strong, you may even be able to pull the newborn to a sitting position

what reflex is this

A

palmar grasp reflex

36
Q

placing a glover finger or nipple in newborn’s mouth to test

what reflex is this

A

sucking reflex

37
Q

toes of newborn should curl downward lightly

what reflex is this

A

plantar grasp reflex

38
Q

response to sudden stimulation or an abrupt change in position

what reflex is this

A

moro (or startle) reflex

39
Q

reflex response is manifested by the newborn stepping with one foot and then the other in a walking motion

what reflex is this

A

stepping reflex

40
Q

List the 9 abdominal regions

A

right and left hypochondriac region
epigastric region
right and left lumbar region
umbilical region
right and left iliac region
hypogastric region

41
Q

white line that extends vertically from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the symphysis pubis

A

linea alba

42
Q

List the body system within the abdomen

A

gastrointestinal
reproductive (female)
lymphatic
urinary

43
Q

the abdominal viscera is divided into two types

A

solid and hollow viscera

44
Q

List the organs under the solid viscera category

A

liver, pancreas, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, ovaries, and uterus

45
Q

List the organs under the hollow viscera category

A

stomach, gallbladder, small intestine, colon, and bladder

46
Q

largest solid organ in the body

A

liver

HA (2 decks)

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