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HA > Children and Adolescents > Flashcards

Children and Adolescents Flashcards

1
Q

the head grows proportionately to body size, reaching 90% of its full size at what age

A

6 years

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2
Q

children remain farsighted until what ages

A

6-7 years

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3
Q

Children have 20 deciduous teeth, which are lost between the
what ages

A

6 and 12 years

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4
Q

thelarche may occur and
breasts continue to develop in stages at what ages

A

8-13 years

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5
Q

the apical pulse reaches the fifth intercostal space and the mid-clavicular line by the time of what age

A

7 years

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6
Q

A third heart sound (S3) may
be heard at the apex in children

Is this normal?

A

Yes

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7
Q

Prepubertal:
Elevation of nipple
only

what stage

A

stage 1

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8
Q

Breast bud stage;
elevation of breast
and nipple as small
mound, enlargement
of areolar diameter

what stage

A

stage 2

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9
Q

Enlargement of the
breasts and areola
with no separation
of contours

what stage

A

stage 3

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10
Q

Projection of areola
and nipple to form
secondary mound
above level of
breast

what stage

A

stage 4

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11
Q

Adult configuration;
projection of nipple
only, areola receded
into contour of
breast

what stage

A

stage 5

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12
Q

Male genitalia generally develop over a __ to __ year period, beginning from preadolescence to adulthood

A

2 to 5

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13
Q

Bone growth occurs in two dimensions

what are they

A

diameter and length

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14
Q

The anterior curve in the lumbar region of the vertebral
column develops between ages __ and __ months

A

12 and 18

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15
Q

growth is considerable during the adolescent growth spurt,
which usually peaks at __ years in girls and __ years in boys

A

12; girls
14; boys

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16
Q

Genitalia: Prepubertal
Pubic Hair: Prepubertal: No pubic hair; fine
vellus hair

what stage

A

stage 1

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17
Q

Genitalia: Initial enlargement of scrotum and testes
with rugation and reddening of the scrotum
Pubic Hair: Sparse, long, straight, downy hair

what stage

A

stage 2

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18
Q

Genitalia: Elongation of the penis;
testes and scrotum further enlarge
Pubic Hair: Darker, coarser, curly;
sparse over entire pubis

what stage

A

stage 3

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19
Q

Genitalia: Increase in size and width of penis and
the development of the glans; scrotum darkens
Pubic Hair: Dark, curly, and abundant in pubic area;
no growth on thighs or up toward umbilicus

what stage

A

stage 4

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20
Q

Genitalia: Adult configuration
Pubic Hair: Adult pattern (growth up toward
umbilicus may not be seen); growth continues
until mid-20s

what stage

A

stage 5

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21
Q

Prepubertal: No pubic hair; fine vellus hair

what stage

A

stage 1

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22
Q

Sparse, long, straight, downy hair

what stage

A

stage 2

23
Q

Darker, coarser, curly; sparse over mons pubis

what stage

A

stage 3

24
Q

Dark, curly, and abundant on mons pubis;
no growth on medial thighs

what stage

A

stage 4

25
Q

Adult pattern of inverse triangle; growth on
medial thighs

what stage

A

stage 5

26
Q

Toddler’s attention span ranges
between __ and __ minutes

A

5 and 10

27
Q

preschooler’s attention span ranges between __ and __ minutes

A

10 and 15

28
Q

school-age child’s attention span ranges between __ and __ minutes

A

30 and 45

29
Q

Loud noises; falling and sudden movements in the environment; stranger anxiety

who do these fears belong to

A

Infants

30
Q

Loss of parents—separation anxiety; stranger anxiety; loud noises; going to sleep; large animals; certain people (doctor, Santa Claus); certain places (doctor’s office); large objects or machines

who do these fears belong to

A

Toddlers

31
Q

The dark; being left alone, especially at bedtime; animals (particularly large dogs); ghosts and other supernatural beings; body mutilation; pain; objects and people associated with painful experiences

who does these fears belong to

A

Preschoolers

32
Q

Failure at school; bullies; intimidating teachers; supernatural beings; storms; staying alone; scary things in TV and movies; consequences related to
unattractive appearance; death

who do these fears belong to

A

Schoolagers

33
Q

Relationships with people of the opposite sex; homosexual tendencies; ability to assume adult roles; drugs; AIDS; divorce; gossip; public speaking; plane and car crashes; death

who do these fears belong to

A

Adolescents

34
Q

Restlessness, rocking, playing with toys, crying, thumb sucking, sleeping

coping mechanisms for who

A

Infants

35
Q

Asking questions, wanting order, holding favorite toy, learning by trial and error, tantrums, aggression, thumb sucking, withdrawal, regression

coping mechanisms for who

A

Toddler/Preschoolers

36
Q

Trying problem solving; communicating, fantasizing, acting out situations, quiet, denial, regression, reaction formation

coping mechanisms for who

A

Schoolagers

37
Q

Problem solving, philosophical discussions, conforming with peers, asserting control, acting out, using drugs/alcohol, denial, projection, rationalization, intellectualization

coping mechanisms for who

A

Adolescents

38
Q

Physical assessment approach for toddlers

A

Allow toddler to sit on parent’s lap; enlist parent’s aid; use play;
praise cooperation

39
Q

Physical assessment approach for preschoolers

A

Use story telling; use doll and puppet play; give choices when able

40
Q

Physical assessment approach for schoolagers

A

Maintain privacy; use gown; explain procedures and equipment; teach about their bodies

41
Q

Physical assessment approach for adolescents

A

Ensure privacy and confidentiality; provide option of having parent present or not; emphasize normality; provide health teaching

42
Q

For a toddler, what position do lay them in to take rectal temp

A

supine and lift lower legs up

43
Q

average pulse rate for children 3 mo-2 y

A

80-150

44
Q

average pulse rate for children 2-10 y

A

70-110

45
Q

average pulse rate of children 10 y-adult

A

55-90

46
Q

normal ranges of respiratory rate for children 6 mo-2 y

A

20-30

47
Q

normal ranges of respiratory rate for children 3-10 y

A

20-28

48
Q

normal ranges of respiratory rate for children 10-18 y

A

12-20

49
Q

This birthmark consisting of capillaries is dark red or bluish
and darkens with exertion or temperature exposure. It
appears as a large, irregular, macular patch on the scalp or
face. Unlike a hemangioma, this birthmark does not fade with
time

A

Port-Wine Stain

50
Q

This birthmark is a light brown, round or oval patch. If there
are more than six separate, large (⬎1.5 cm) patches, an
inherited neurocutaneous disease may be present

A

Café au Lait Spot

51
Q

This skin variation is caused by an increased amount of
blood vessels in the dermis

A

Hemangioma

52
Q

Tool that assists the nurse in noting the developmental milestones of the child at that particular age

A

Denver Developmental tool

53
Q

Enlargement of breast tissue on boys

A

Gynecomastia

HA (2 decks)

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