Pregnancy Complications

Question 1

Preeclampsia

Answer 1

Inadequate albumin (protein) in the blood causes fluid to leak from blood cells, resulting in reduced blood volume, hemocoricontraction, and sometimes generalized edema

Question 2

How does preeclampsia effect the kidneys?

Answer 2

It reduces blood flow to kidneys which triggers rise in Bp

-blood flow to uterus is reduced, leads to fetal growth restriction

-severe hypertension leads to microthrombi (tiny clots) to form

-microthrombi stretch the filtering slits in kidneys so late protein molecules skip through, leading to protein uria

Question 3

Early signs of preeclampsia

Answer 3

High hematocrit
Hypertension
Protein in urine
Lab work that shows elevated liver enzymes
BUN
Uric acid

Question 5

Sever preeclampsia
Microthrombi

Answer 5

Microthrombi can do significant harm to other parts of the body

Impairs circulation to liver (causes epigastric pain)

Severe preeclampsia and liver involvement may develop HELLP syndrome

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet counts

Question 6

Turner syndrome
Symptoms?
Treatment?

Answer 6

Chromosomal disorder in which a female is born with only one X chromosome

Symptoms:
Short stature
Delayed puberty
Infertility
Heart defects

Treatment: hormone therapy

Question 7

Tay-sachs disease

Answer 7

Rare inherited disorder that destroys nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord

Tay-sachs disease is typically found in people with certain ancestry as Eastern European Jews

Question 8

Tay-sachs disease symptoms

Answer 8

Slow development appears around 6 months
Symptoms progress until they lead to death often around age 4

No cure

Question 10

Which drug can be used to treat early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 10

Methotrexate

Question 11

How does methotrexate work?

Answer 11

Inhibits folic acid metabolism thus inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell division so embryo does not develop further and is reabsorbed

Question 12

Methotrexate

Answer 12

Drug used to treat early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

Question 13

Teratogen

Answer 13

Any substance that can harm the fetus or cause fetal anomalies is called a teratogen

Question 15

Question
26
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During pelvimetry, a primigravida is found to have a diagonal conjugate of 10 cm. Based on this information, the midwife would expect her labor to be:

Answer 15

prolonged, with failure of the head to engage