Pregnancy assessment Flashcards
O: “I started getting headaches and some swelling in my hands and face about a week ago.”
P: “The headache doesn’t go away with rest. Lying down helps a little with the swelling.”
Q: “It’s a throbbing headache, and I feel tightness or pressure in my chest too.”
R: “The pain is mostly in my head, behind my eyes, and sometimes I get pain in my upper right belly.”
S: “I’d say the headache is about a 6 out of 10, and the swelling is getting worse.”
T: “The symptoms are constant. The swelling gets worse later in the day.”
I: “I feel tired, my vision gets blurry sometimes, and I’m worried something is wrong.”
U: “They told me my blood pressure is high, but I don’t know what it means for the baby.”
A: “Headache, swelling in face/hands, blurry vision, upper abdominal pain, and high BP.”
Pre-Eclampsia
High blood pressure (diastolic >90 mm Hg), proteinuria (late sign), sudden facial swelling, weight gain, headache, vision changes (spots or flashing lights), right upper quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, low urine output, and shortness of breath. Can progress to HELLP or seizures if untreated.
O: “I started feeling really tired and weak about a month ago. It’s gotten worse over time.”
P: “It gets worse when I do anything physical, even walking. Rest helps a bit, but I’m still tired.”
Q: “It’s a constant tiredness, plus I sometimes feel dizzy and short of breath.”
R: “There’s no pain, but I feel the weakness all over my body.”
S: “The fatigue is about 6 out of 10. It really affects my day.”
T: “It’s all day, especially when I’m active or don’t eat well.”
I: “I can’t keep up with my normal routine. I feel drained even after a full night’s sleep.”
U: No
A: “Fatigue, pale skin, dizziness, shortness of breath, and brittle nails.”
Anemia (Iron Deficiency)
Fatigue, pale skin, weakness, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Often caused by poor diet, vomiting, or multiple pregnancies. Hemoglobin <120 g/L confirms diagnosis.
O: “I noticed bleeding when I went to the bathroom yesterday morning. It was light at first, then got heavier.”
P: “It seems to get worse when I walk around. Lying down helps a bit.”
Q: “It’s bright red bleeding, like a period. No clots, but I feel cramping too.”
R: “The pain is in my lower abdomen, like period cramps. It doesn’t radiate.”
S: “The cramping is about 5 out of 10, and the bleeding is moderate — not soaking through pads quickly.”
T: “It started yesterday and has continued, but not as heavy today.”
I: “I’ve been resting at home, but I’m worried something is wrong with the baby.”
U: “I don’t know why it’s happening. I’m in my second trimester, and I haven’t had issues until now.”
A: “I feel cramps and fatigue, but no dizziness or fever. No fluid leaking.”
Vaginal Bleeding
Bleeding may be light or heavy depending on the trimester. In early pregnancy, it can be harmless or related to miscarriage. In later stages, it may indicate placental issues.
miscarriage, placenta previa, or abruption.
O: “The bleeding started suddenly this morning, and I felt cramping right after.”
P: “The pain gets worse with movement. Lying down and using a warm compress helps a little.”
Q: “It’s a heavy, cramping pain — like a strong period.”
R: “It’s in my lower abdomen and lower back.”
S: “The pain is around 7 out of 10, and the bleeding is heavy.”
T: “It’s been constant for a few hours now.”
I: “I’m very upset. I feel exhausted and scared about what’s happening.”
U: No
A: “Heavy bleeding with clots, strong cramps, lower back pain, and emotional distress.”
Spontaneous Abortion (Miscarriage)
Vaginal bleeding, cramping, passing tissue, and loss of pregnancy symptoms before 20 weeks.
O:“I suddenly noticed pressure and light spotting this morning. I didn’t have pain before that.”
P: “It seems worse when I stand or walk. Lying down helps relieve the pressure.”
Q:“It feels like pelvic pressure, almost like the baby is pushing down.”
R: “The pressure is low in my pelvis, no radiation to the back.”
S: “The pressure is around 5 out of 10, and the spotting is light.”
T: “It started suddenly and has been constant since.”
I: “I’m worried to move too much — the pressure gets worse when I do.”
U: “They told me my cervix might be opening too early.”
A: “Pelvic pressure, light vaginal bleeding, and no strong contractions, watery discharge.”
Incompetent Cervix
Usually painless cervical dilation in the second trimester. May have pelvic pressure or discharge.
O: “The vomiting started around week 6 of pregnancy and hasn’t stopped.”
P: “Any food, even water, can make me vomit. Nothing really helps.”
Q: “It’s constant nausea with frequent vomiting, sometimes several times a day.”
R: “The nausea is mostly in my stomach. No pain spreading anywhere else.”
S: “The nausea is 8 out of 10. I can’t keep anything down.”
T: “It’s all day, not just in the morning. No breaks.”
I: “I’ve lost weight, feel weak, and can’t go to work or eat normally.”
U: “They told me it’s more severe than regular morning sickness.”
A: “Weight loss, dry mouth, fatigue, and dizziness when I stand.”
Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Severe vomiting, weight loss, dehydration, and ketones in urine. Common in early pregnancy.
O: “I started having cramps and lower back pain this morning. Then I noticed some tightening in my belly.”
P: “The cramps get worse when I move or walk. Resting seems to help a little.”
Q: “It feels like period cramps and pressure in my pelvis. My belly tightens off and on.”
R: “The pain is in my lower abdomen and back. It sometimes goes down my thighs.”
S: “Around 6 out of 10. Not unbearable, but stronger than Braxton Hicks.”
T: Every few minutes, regularly.
I: “I feel like I need to lie down. The pressure makes it hard to walk around.”
U: “I’m only 32 weeks. I don’t think I should be feeling this yet.”
A: “Backache, pelvic pressure, some vaginal discharge, and regular contractions.”
Preterm Labour
Contractions, lower back pain, pelvic pressure, and cervical dilation between 20–37 weeks.
O: “I noticed today that the baby isn’t moving as much as usual.”
P: “Usually eating or lying on my side gets the baby moving, but not today.”
Q: “The movements feel weaker and less frequent than normal.”
R: “The baby usually moves all over, especially on the right side, but now it’s very quiet.”
S: “Normally I feel 10–15 kicks a day, but today maybe 2 or 3.”
T: “It started this morning. Yesterday was normal.”
I: “I feel worried. I’ve tried everything that usually works and nothing is happening.”
U: “I don’t know if this is normal or not, but it feels different from before.”
A: “No bleeding, no pain. Just much less movement than usual.”
Decreased Fetal Movement
Noticed by the mother, often in the third trimester. May indicate fetal distress.
Fatigue, sadness, excessive worry, sleep issues, and poor appetite. Increases risk of poor fetal outcomes.
O: I’ve been feeling off for about three weeks.
P: Nothing really helps.
Q: I feel very low, tired, and anxious.
R: It’s emotional, but also physical—like heavy in my chest.
S: 8/10 emotional distress.
T: Every day, most of the day.
I: I’m having trouble sleeping and eating.
U: I don’t know what’s happening, but I don’t feel like myself.
A: I feel sad, overwhelmed, and disconnected.
Psychological Illness
